AMC & GM to Part-PERS

European Aviation Safety Agency

Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) and Guidance Material (GM) to Part-PERS Requirements for service providers concerning personnel training and competence assessment

Initial Issue 8 March 2017

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBPART A — AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ELECTRONIC PERSONNEL Section 1 — General

GM1 ATSEP.OR.100 Scope

GENERAL Whilst it is acknowledged that ‘power supply’ and ‘air conditioning’ systems and equipment that can be critical elements of the aviation safety chain and that personnel should, therefore, be appropriately trained in those areas, it is not considered that this training should fall within the scope of the ATSEP training provisions. In general, ATSEP do not work on these systems, but rather control and manage the release of power and air conditioning systems, to and from operational service. In this situation, the person does not have, and is not expected to have, extensive knowledge of the aviation environment to provide the required service. Consequently, the vast majority of the Initial Training objectives would not be applicable to a power engineer.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.105 Training and competence assessment programme

GENERAL The training and competence assessment programme should include: (a) the training policy; (b) the description of all training activities and the interrelations between different training activities; (c) the description of the function/role of the phase/course supervisor, instructors and assessors; (d) the description of the qualifications of instructional and competence assessment personnel; (e) the target group of learners; (f) the description of the minimum qualification of learners or required entry levels (‘learner’ is the generic term for a person performing a learning activity without any reference to his or her status (ab initio/student/trainee)); (g) the description of knowledge outcome and performance objectives; (h) the record of supervisory, instructional and competence assessment personnel participating in a course; (i) the training environment (e.g. infrastructure, equipment, etc.); (j) the training methodology (e.g. classroom instruction, self-study, computer-based training (CBT), on-thejob training (OJT), etc.); (k) the training material; (l) the training schedule; (m) the competence assessment method (e.g. pre-course, on-training evaluation, post-course, etc.); (n) the record of individual learners training and competence assessment; and (o) the feedback mechanisms.

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GM2 ATSEP.OR.105 Training and competence assessment programme

CHANGE OF ORGANISATION When already qualified and experienced ATSEP move from one service provider to another, the receiving service provider may conduct an analysis and/or competence assessment of their previous training. Any identified training shortcomings, relative to their new duties assignments should be addressed through additional training.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.115 Language proficiency

LANGUAGE LEVEL Service providers should determine the level of language proficiency based on the particular ATSEP duties, the safety criticality of the system ATSEP will need to work on, and taking into account the language requirements related to operating instructions, manuals, and the need to communicate across operational boundaries that require a common language.

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Section 2 — Training requirements

GM1 ATSEP.OR.200 Training requirements — General

ATSEP TRAINING PHASES The following diagram illustrates the phases of ATSEP training:

GM2 ATSEP.OR.200 Training requirements — General

STRUCTURE SYLLABI Guidance material on how to read the tables in the appendices contained in this Subpart A of ANNEX XIII is provided in Appendix 5a.

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GM1 ATSEP.OR.200(a) Training requirements — General

BASIC TRAINING For the purpose of this section, ‘basic training’ is understood as being training designed to impart fundamental knowledge of the service provider’s operational environment. QUALIFICATION TRAINING For the purpose of this section, ‘qualification training’ is understood as being training designed to impart knowledge and skills appropriate to the qualification stream to be pursued in the service provider’s operational environment. SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT RATING TRAINING For the purpose of this section, ‘system/equipment rating training’ is understood as being training designed to impart system/equipment-related knowledge and skills leading towards operational competence. CONTINUATION TRAINING For the purpose of this section, ‘continuation training’ is understood as being training designed to maintain and/or augment existing knowledge and skills related to the ATSEP assigned responsibilities and duties.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.205(a) Basic training

GENERAL The subjects, topics, and sub-topics should be tailored to: (a) the responsibility of the ATSEP regarding the service provider’s activities; and (b) prior experience and education of the candidate ATSEP.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.205(a)(1) Basic training

SHARED The objectives contained in Appendix 1a to this AMC should be included in the basic training course.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.205(a)(2) Basic training

STREAMS The topics, sub-topics and objectives contained in Appendix 2a to this AMC should be included in the basic training course.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.205(b) Basic training

ENTRY LEVEL In some instances, only a limited number of training objectives will need to be taught to learners ATSEP. This is usually the case when the entry level of learners includes some form of previous qualification (e.g. engineering degree or diploma). In this case, the length of training and the number of objectives may be less than that of a course directed to learners who have little or no engineering or technical qualifications. If no engineering or technical qualifications are required prior to starting the basic training, then it may be necessary to include additional objectives in the training that will prepare learners to deal with the basic training.

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GM1 ATSEP.OR.205 Basic training

MINIMUM TRAINING The basic training contained within the requirement is the minimum training that needs to be followed by all who aim at becoming ATSEP. However, service providers may decide to add additional subjects or topics that may be specific to their national or local environment. COMPOSITION OF COURSES Basic training may be provided as a stand-alone course or as part of a larger initial training course (i.e. basic plus qualification training).

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.210 Qualification training

GENERAL The subjects, topics, and sub-topics should be tailored to: (a) the responsibility of the ATSEP regarding the service provider’s activities; and (b) prior experience and education of the candidate ATSEP.

AMC2 ATSEP.OR.210 Qualification training

SHARED The objectives contained in Appendix 3a to this AMC should be included in the qualification training course.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.210 Qualification training

MINIMUM TRAINING The qualification training contained within the requirement is the minimum training that needs to be followed by all who aim at becoming ATSEP. However, service providers may decide to add additional subjects or topics that may be specific to their national or local environment. COMPOSITION OF COURSES Qualification training may be provided as (a) stand-alone course(s) or as part of a larger course.

GM2 ATSEP.OR.210 Qualification training

FLEXIBILITY Service providers may choose to add content to a qualification stream to tailor the training to meet the needs of the individual organisation.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.210(a) Qualification training

STREAMS The objectives contained in Appendix 4a to this AMC should be included in the qualification training course.

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GM1 ATSEP.OR.210(b) Qualification training

STREAMS For the purpose of this section, ‘streams’ is understood as being a cluster of training objectives that support a particular area of work.

GM2 ATSEP.OR.210(b) Qualification training

SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL (SMC) (a) There are two recognised routes to achieve SMC competence. Organisations may choose which route is most appropriate for their environment. (b) Both SMC competence routes may be used by individuals and/or service providers at different times during their careers. (c) In some organisations, SMC of operational system and equipment tasks are performed after the initial competence in a stream or collection of streams that make up a domain (e.g. the Communication domain comprises the COMMUNICATION-VOICE and COMMUNICATION-DATA streams) has been achieved and appropriate SMC development training has been completed. This route is considered to be the development route to SMC competence. The objectives contained within the four qualification training SMC stream(s) may be completed as part of this development training. (d) The alternative option, used by some organisations, is to provide training for SMC duties directly after basic training. This is based on an arrangement where SMC operators perform level A tasks. If level B tasks are required, these are performed under supervision or are delegated to appropriately qualified personnel. This route is considered to be the direct route to SMC competence, and the four qualification training streams relating to SMC apply, such as, for instance, SMC Communication, SMC Navigation, SMC Surveillance and/or SMC Data. To start S/E rating training on level A tasks for the monitored and/or controlled S/E, no additional qualification training stream (e.g. QUAL NAV-VOR) is required because the relevant information is contained in the related SMC qualification training stream(s) already. (e) Level tasks represent the categorisation by complexity, knowledge, skills and operational impact. Three categories will usually suffice, but could be further subdivided for highly complex or diverse systems: (1) Level A tasks: Level A maintenance tasks are primarily associated with immediate service restoration or reconfiguration (‘front-panel level’). They are appropriate for personnel that have been trained to understand the elements of an equipment or system(s), their interrelationships and functional purpose, but do not require in-depth knowledge of these elements. (2) Level B tasks: Level B maintenance tasks involve in-depth fault analysis at the system/equipment level (‘functional level’). They are usually carried out by personnel that have been trained for the more complicated maintenance tasks on the equipment/system. (3) Level C tasks: Level C maintenance tasks involve the detailed diagnosis of a software problem, of a faulty Line Replacement Unit (LRU), Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or module (‘component level’). They usually require the use of automated test equipment at a suitable location and are usually carried out by personnel that have been trained in detailed fault diagnosis and repair techniques. If a Level C task is carried out in an offline environment (e.g. a workshop), it is not mandatory that the personnel carrying out this task is trained as ATSEP. However, an organisation may choose to train that personnel as ATSEP.

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(f) The diagram below illustrates the SMC competence routes.

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GM1 ATSEP.OR.215 System and equipment rating training

SYSTEM AND EQUIPMENT RATING A system and equipment rating is the authorisation which allows the ATSEP to perform operational tasks on specific system/equipment and may, optionally, include an association with operational site/s, location/s and/or maintenance task levels. The award of this rating follows the successful assessment of operational competence. The term ‘rating’ in the definition of ‘system/equipment rating training’ should not be associated with the definition of ‘rating’ in Regulation (EC) No 216/2008.

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.220 Continuation training

GENERAL The frequency and duration of continuation training should be determined by taking into account the ATSEP task exposure (recency) as well as the complexity of the operation and of the maintenance of systems.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.220 Continuation training

REFRESHER TRAINING (a) For the purpose of this section, ‘refresher training’ is understood as being training designed to review, reinforce or upgrade existing knowledge and skills (including team skills). (b) Refresher training may periodically include training to refresh and augment ATSEP team skills. Team skills include but are not limited to communication, negotiation, decision-making, conflict resolution and listening skills. EMERGENCY TRAINING (c) ‘Emergency training’ is understood as being training designed to broaden knowledge, skills, and behaviour in case of emergency, unusual or degraded situation. Most of the training will be site-specific or may make use of incident or accident analysis. (d) The term ‘emergency’ is considered as a serious, unexpected and/or potentially dangerous situation requiring immediate action(s), e.g. complete loss of any of the following: — radar display picture; — Electronic Flight Progress Strip system; — main, standby and emergency communications on multiple frequencies due to external interference blocking the radiotelephony channels. (e) The term ‘unusual situation’ is considered as a set of circumstances which are neither habitually nor commonly experienced and for which an ATSEP has not developed a practised response. (f) The term ‘degraded situation’ is considered as a situation that is the result of a technical system failure or malfunction or a set of circumstances arising from human error or violation of rules affecting the quality of the service provided (i.e. the service continues to be available, even though in a reduced or limited way). For instance, external main supply’s failure to a Category III ILS localiser field site cabin or a normally dual channel DME having a fault on one channel.

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Section 3 — Competence assessment requirements

GM1 ATSEP.OR.300(a) Competence assessment — General

MEANING ‘Competence’ is understood as a situation where ATSEP possess the required level of knowledge, technical and behavioural skills and experience, and language proficiency when required, in order to be authorised to perform duties on the system and equipment they are competent to work on.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.305(a)(1) Assessment of initial and ongoing competence

INITIAL COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT If the competence assessment is done by the same person training the ATSEP learner during the S/E training phase, the service provider should have in place a process to reduce biases.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.305(a)(3) Assessment of initial and ongoing competence

SUPERVISION OF NON-COMPETENT PERSONNEL Supervision of personnel for lack of competence may be necessary due to a number of circumstances including but not restricted to: (a) the ATSEP still being trained; (b) the ATSEP undergoing remedial training due to loss of competence; and (c) the ATSEP having lost competence due to extended absence from tasks that require competence.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.305(b)(2) Assessment of initial and ongoing competence

BEHAVIOURAL SKILLS Behavioural skills are non-technical skills and attitudes that ATSEP need to perform effectively. Examples of potential behavioural skills criteria related to initial and ongoing competence are: (a) cooperation within a team; (b) attitudes towards safety and security; (c) flexibility; (d) analytical thinking; and (e) ability to communicate effectively.

Section 4 — Instructors and assessors

AMC1 ATSEP.OR.400 ATSEP training instructors

EXPERIENCE To be considered suitably experienced, technical skills assessors should: (a) have clear understanding of the service provider’s assessment process and procedures applicable;

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(b) have clear understanding of the performance required of the ATSEP during the assessment and/or ongoing assessment; (c) have the ability to evaluate, in an objective and independent manner, whether the ATSEP has achieved or is maintaining the level of performance required; (d) have the ability to assess and, if required, act when intervention is necessary to ensure that safety is not compromised; (e) have the ability to analyse and accurately describe and/or record strengths and weaknesses of an ATSEP performance; and (f) use appropriate interpersonal and communication skills to brief and debrief an ATSEP, if required.

GM1 ATSEP.OR.405 Technical skills assessors

GENERAL The technical skills assessor is the person who is considered suitable to determine whether an ATSEP is technically competent to operate, maintain, release from and return into operations systems that are necessary for the provision of services. This assessment may be in any context where assessment of technical skills is required, e.g. assessment of first competence, ongoing competence.

GM2 ATSEP.OR.405 Technical skills assessors

ASSESSMENT RESPONSIBILITIES (a) Where a technical skills assessor works regularly with an ATSEP, he or she is required to assess the ATSEP. Continuous assessment may be appropriate, i.e. assessment may be achieved by the technical assessor observing the standard of an ATSEP’s work on a continuous basis as he or she works with the ATSEP during normal operational duties. (b) If the appointed technical assessor also acts as line manager to the individual ATSEP, the service provider should have in place a process to reduce biases. Responsibility for determining competence lies with the person having the safety accountability for the ATSEP function.

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APPENDIX 1a BASIC TRAINING — SHARED

The subjects, topics and sub-topics are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form a part of it.

SUBJECT 1: INDUCTION

TOPIC 1: INDUCTION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Training and assessment overview 1.1.1 Describe the training scheme and 2 Initial (basic and qualification), S/E rating and progression towards ATSEP competence continuation training. Course aims, objectives, and topics. 1.1.2 State the assessment requirements, 1 — procedures, and methods SUB-TOPIC 1.2: National organisation 1.2.1 Describe the organisational structure, 2 e.g. headquarters, control centres, training facilities, purpose and functions of the service airports, outstations, civil/military interfaces, provider(s) and regulatory structures regulatory interfaces. 1.2.2 Describe the structure and functions of 2 e.g. organisational handbook (plans, concepts and the major departments within the structure, finance model). service provider 1.2.3 State appropriate accountabilities and 1 — responsibilities of the service provider(s) and competent authority SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Workplace 1.3.1 State the role of trade unions and 1 e.g. international, European, national, local level professional organisations 1.3.2 Consider security of site facilities and 2 Environmental, physical and information security personnel against unlawful interference measures, employee vetting, and reference checks. 1.3.3 Describe actions when suspecting a 2 e.g. inform police, security agencies and managers. security breach Security manual and/or contingency plan. SUB-TOPIC 1.4: ATSEP role 1.4.1 Describe the key responsibilities of an 2 Initial (basic and qualification), S/E rating and ATSEP continuation training. Course aims, objectives, and topics. SUB-TOPIC 1.5: European/worldwide dimension 1.5.1 Explain the relationship between States 2 e.g. harmonisation, flow management, bilateral and its relevance to ATM operations agreement, sharing of ATM relevant data, major studies, research programmes, and policy documents.

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1.5.2 Define the regulatory framework of 1 e.g. ICAO, European and national concepts, international and national ATM responsibilities.

1.5.3 State the purpose of a range of 1 ICAO, EU, EASA international bodies e.g. ECAC, EUROCONTROL, FAA RTCA, EUROCAE

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: International Standards and Recommended Practices

1.6.1 Explain how the regulatory environment 2 Annexes, SARPs of ICAO notifies and implements legislation

1.6.2 State which major/key ATM engineering 1 e.g. ICAO Annex 10, ICAO Doc 8071, ICAO Doc 9426- ‘standards’ and ‘practices’ are applicable 3, available EUROCONTROL standards, guidance material on reliability, maintainability and availability.

SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Data security

1.7.1 Explain the importance of ATM security 2

1.7.2 Describe the security of operational data 2 Secure, restricted access by authorised personnel.

1.7.3 Explain security policies and practices for 2 Backup, storing, hacking, confidentiality, copyright. information and data

1.7.4 Describe the possible external 2 Introduction of software viruses, illegal broadcasts, interventions which may interrupt or jamming, spoofing. corrupt ATM services

SUB-TOPIC 1.8: Quality management

1.8.1 Explain the need for quality 2 e.g. ISO, EFQM management

1.8.2 Explain the need for configuration 2 Importance for safe operations management e.g. S/E build state, software adaption/version

SUB-TOPIC 1.9: Safety Management System

1.9.1 Explain why there is a need for high- 2 Safety policy and rules, system safety cases, level safety requirements for ATM/ANS system safety requirements. activities

SUB-TOPIC 1.10: Health and safety

1.10.1 Explain personal safety responsibilities 2 Safety statement, first aid, rules about climbing in the work environment

1.10.2 Explain potential hazards to health and 2 e.g. health consequences of electric shock and static safety generated by equipment, or discharges, precautions with chemical products contained within the work environment (batteries), mechanical hazards (rotating machinery/antennas), toxic materials (beryllium), biological hazards, faulty earthing

1.10.3 Describe fire safety and first-aid 2 Requirements and rules regulations and practices e.g. standards

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1.10.4 State any applicable legal requirements 1 National, international regulations and safety rules e.g. for working on power supply and/or air conditioning 1.10.5 Describe the main features and uses of 2 e.g. VESDA, Type A, B, C, D extinguishers the different types of fire detectors and extinguishers

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC FAMILIARISATION

TOPIC 1: AIR TRAFFIC FAMILIARISATION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Air Traffic Management 1.1.1 Define Air Traffic Management 1 ICAO, EU regulations 1.1.2 Describe operational ATM functions 2 ATFCM, ATS, ASM 1.1.3 Describe ATM concepts and 2 e.g. concepts: FUA, free flight, gate-to-gate, associated terminology performance-based ATM operations (PBN, RCP), operational concepts (ICAO, EUROCONTROL, SESAR).

1.1.4 Explain the operational importance of 2 e.g. Regulation (EC) No 552/2004 technical services required for ATM 1.1.5 State future developments in systems 1 e.g. data link, satellite-based navigation, gate-to-gate and/or ATM/ANS practices which may (CDM), ATC tools, continuous approach, 4D trajectory, impact on services provided business trajectory, SWIM, NOP, SESAR (UDPP, modes of separation), ASAS. 1.1.6 List the standard units of 1 Speed, distance, vertical distance, time, direction, measurement used in aviation pressure, temperature. SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Air Traffic Control 1.2.1 Define airspace organisation 1 ICAO Annex 11, Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 e.g. FIR, UTA, TMA, CTR, ATS routes 1.2.2 Describe commonly used airspace 2 e.g. sectorisation, identification of ATS routes, terminologies and concepts restricted airspace, significant points. 1.2.3 State the general organisation of 1 e.g. obstacle limitation surfaces, different departure aerodromes and arrival trajectories, approach and landing categories, operational status of radio navigation aids. 1.2.4 State the purpose of ATC 1 ICAO Doc 4444 1.2.5 State the organisation of ATC services 1 ICAO Doc 4444

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground-based Safety nets 1.3.1 Describe the purpose of ground-based 2 e.g. STCA, MSAW, APW, runway incursion alerts safety nets

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SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Air Traffic Control tools and monitoring aids

1.4.1 Explain the main characteristics and 2 e.g. MTCD, sequencing and metering tools (AMAN, use of ATC support and monitoring DMAN), A-SMGCS, CLAM, RAM, CORA tools

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Familiarisation

1.5.1 Take account of ATC tasks 2 e.g. simulation, role play, PC, Part Task Trainer, observations in the operational environment

1.5.2 Explain the need for good 1 e.g. handovers, MIL/CIV, planner/tactical, SV Tech communication, coordination and (SMC) and SV ATCO, site visit(s) to ATC units cooperation between operational staff

1.5.3 Consider the purpose, function and 2 Site visit(s) to ATC units role of various operational stations in e.g. meteorological services providers, remote sites, respect of ATM-related operations airport operations

1.5.4 Define the phases of flight 1 Take-off, climb, cruise, descent and initial approach, final approach and landing

1.5.5 Recognise the cockpit environment 1 Relevant pilot HMI and associated equipment, in relation e.g. familiarisation flight or cockpit simulator to ATC training (where practicable), antenna

1.5.6 Define airborne collision avoidance 1 ACAS, EGPWS systems

e.g. TCAS

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APPENDIX 2a BASIC TRAINING — STREAMS

The Subjects are repeated in this Appendix for the convenience of the reader and do not form a part of it.

SUBJECT 3: AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES (AIS)

TOPIC 1: AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Aeronautical Information Services 1.1.1 State the organisation of the AIS 1 — 1.1.2 Define the AIP 1 e.g. contents of AIP, AIC and types of publication: AIRAC, non-AIRAC, data collection and preparation, data format, distribution channels, supporting systems and tools 1.1.3 Define the aeronautical charting 1 Types of aeronautical charts, operational use of service charts, supporting systems and tools 1.1.4 Define the NOTAM services 1 — 1.1.5 Define the ATS Reporting Office 1 e.g. purpose of flight plans and other ATS messages, types of flight plans (FPL and RPL), contents of flight plans and other ATS messages, distribution of flight plans and other ATS messages, supporting systems and tools 1.1.6 Define the European AIS Database 1 e.g. central single source, validation, redundancy, EAD structure 1.1.7 Define procedures for providing 1 Information of a permanent nature, information of a Communications, Navigation and temporary nature, status report of NAVAIDs Surveillance (CNS) data

SUBJECT 4: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC 1: METEOROLOGY

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Introduction to meteorology 1.1.1 State the relevance of meteorology in 1 Influence on the operation of aircraft, flying aviation conditions, aerodrome conditions 1.1.2 State the weather prediction and 1 — measurement systems available SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Impact on aircraft and ATS operation 1.2.1 State the meteorological conditions 1 e.g. atmospheric circulation, wind, visibility, and their impact on aircraft temperature/humidity, clouds, precipitation operations 1.2.2 State the meteorological conditions 1 e.g.; turbulence, thunderstorms, icing, microbursts, hazardous to aircraft operations squall, macro bursts, wind shear, standing water on runways (aquaplaning)

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1.2.3 Explain the impact of 2 e.g. effects on equipment performance (e.g. meteorological conditions and temperature inversion, rain density), increased hazards on ATS operations vertical and horizontal separation, low visibility procedures, anticipation of flights not adhering to tracks, diversions, missed approaches

1.2.4 Explain the effects of weather on 2 e.g. anaprop, rain noise, sunspots propagation

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Meteorological parameters and information

1.3.1 List the main meteorological 1 Wind, visibility, temperature, pressure, humidity parameters

1.3.2 List the most common weather 1 e.g. ICAO Annex 3 messages and broadcasts used in Meteorology messages: TAF, METAR, SNOWTAM aviation Broadcasts: ATIS/flight meteorology broadcast (VOLMET)

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Meteorological systems

1.4.1 Explain the basic principles of the 2 e.g. weather display and information systems, wind main meteorological systems in use speed (anemometer), wind direction (weather vane), visibility (types of IRVR, forward scatter), temperature probes, pressure (aneroid barometers), humidity, cloud base (laser ceilometers)

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION

TOPIC 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Introduction to communications

1.1.1 State the structure of the 1 Voice communication, data communication communication domain

1.1.2 State major substructures of the 1 Air-ground, ground-ground, air-air communications communication domain

1.1.3 State ATS requirements for safe 1 Safety, reliability, availability, coverage, QoS, latency communications

1.1.4 State the aeronautical 1 Mobile, fixed communication services

TOPIC 2: VOICE COMMUNICATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to voice communications

2.1.1 Describe system architecture 2 —

2.1.2 Explain the purpose, principles and 2 e.g. audio bandwidth, dynamic range, fidelity, role of voice communication systems routing, switching, lineside/deskside, coverage, in ATS communication chain between controller and pilot

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2.1.3 Describe the way in which voice 2 Analogue/digital comparisons, distortion, harmonics communication systems function

2.1.4 State methods used to route and 1 e.g. multichannels, multi-users, party lines, VHF/UHF switch voice communications linkage, HF, SELCAL

2.1.5 State how systems interface to 1 — produce an integrated service to ATS

2.1.6 State radio spectrum and frequency 1 Spectrum, interference sources, commercial allocation constraints and procedures allocations, world radio conference, ITU, common aviation position, efficient utilisation of frequency bands, channel spacing

2.1.7 State voice recording systems in use 1 e.g. digital recording equipment, analogue recording

2.1.8 State ICAO and local legal 1 Regulatory requirements, incident recording and requirements regarding recording and playback, recording equipment retention of voice communications

2.1.9 State the purpose of ATIS and 1 — VOLMET

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Air-ground communication

2.2.1 State the functions and basic 1 Voice switching operation of routing and switching equipment in use in the ATS environment

2.2.2 Describe the purpose and operation 2 Functionality, emergency systems, of the elements of a communication transmission/reception, CWP, on-board equipment chain in use in the ATS environment e.g. channel spacing, antenna switching, CLIMAX, voting systems

2.2.3 State ways of achieving quality of 1 e.g. importance of coverage and redundancy of service equipment, overlapping coverage, backup system, functional redundancy vs element redundancy

2.2.4 Recognise the elements of the CWP 1 Frequency selection, emergency, station selection, that are used for air-ground coupling, microphone, headset, loudspeaker, communication footswitch, PTT

2.2.5 List future developments and 1 e.g. CPDLC, VDL Modes 2 techniques which may have an impact on ATS voice communications

SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Ground-ground communication

2.3.1 State the functions and the basic 1 General architecture operations of routing and switching equipment in use in ATS environment

2.3.2 Describe how ground-ground systems 2 International/national links, ACC interoperability, interface to provide an integrated voice and data integration service to ATS environment

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2.3.3 Describe the purpose and operation 2 Functionality, emergency systems, PTT interfaces of the elements of a system e.g. MFC and ATS-Qsig, switching, local PABX equipment

2.3.4 Recognise the elements of the CWP 1 Selection, emergency, loudspeaker, headset, used for ground-ground microphone communication

2.3.5 List developments in ground-ground 1 e.g. protocols (TCP/IP, technologies which may impact on voice-over IP) future development ATS voice communication

TOPIC 3: DATA COMMUNICATIONS

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Introduction to data communications

3.1.1 Explain the purpose, principles and 2 e.g. terminology, principles and theory of networks, role of data communication systems layering (e.g.: OSI or TCP/IP), data links, LAN, WAN in ATS

3.1.2 Define the concept of data 1 e.g. packet switching, protocols, multiplexing, transmission demultiplexing, error detection and correction, routing, switching, hops, cost, bandwidth/speed

3.1.3 Describe the function of various 2 Switch, router, gateways, end systems, redundancy elements of the data systems in use in ATS environment

3.1.4 Define protocols in current use 1 e.g. TCP/IP, X.25, frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode

SUB-TOPIC 3.2: Networks

3.2.1 State ATS requirements for safe data 1 Reliability, availability communications

3.2.2 Describe the different types of 2 LAN, WAN, ATN, national network for ATM networks e.g. satellite-dedicated networks, AFTN

3.2.3 State the functions of a network 1 Priorities, rights management system e.g. SNMP

SUB-TOPIC 3.3: Aviation specific networks, applications and ATM/ANS providers

3.3.1 Name a range of air-ground aviation- 12 ATN related network concepts e.g. Subnetworks: ATN air-ground subnetwork, AMSS, VDL, HFDL Protocols: ACARS Communication service providers: ARINC, SITA, States, LINK16

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3.3.2 Name a range of ground-ground 12 ATN, PENS aviation-related network concepts Optional content e.g. Physical networks: PENS, AFTN/CIDIN, RAPNET Communication protocols: IP, X.25, ASTERIX, FMTP Communication service providers: SITA, ARINC, national carriers, ANSPs Applications: AMHS, AIDC, OLDI

SUBJECT 6: NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Purpose and use of navigation 1.1.1 Explain the need for navigation in 2 Positioning, guidance, planning aviation 1.1.2 Characterise navigation methods 2 e.g. historical overview, visual, celestial, electronic (on-board, radio, space-based and relative)

TOPIC 2: THE EARTH

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Form of the Earth 2.1.1 Name the shape of the Earth 1 Oblate spheroid e.g. earth’s parameters 2.1.2 Explain the Earth’s properties and 2 East, West, North and South, polar axis, direction of their effects rotation 2.1.3 State the accepted conventions for 1 Meridians, parallels of latitude, equatorial plane describing 2D position on a globe SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Coordinate systems, direction and distance 2.2.1 State the general principles of 1 Geoid, reference ellipsoids, WGS 84 reference systems Latitude and longitude, undulation 2.2.2 Explain why a global reference system 2 _ is required for aviation SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Earth’s magnetism 2.3.1 State the general principles of Earth’s 1 True North, magnetic North magnetism — e.g. variation, declination, deviation, inclination

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TOPIC 3: NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Factors affecting electronic navigation performance 3.1.1 State how radio waves propagate 1 Ground, sky, direct 3.1.2 State why the siting of a terrestrial 1 Multipath, blanking navigation aid is important SUB-TOPIC 3.2: Performance of navigation systems 3.2.1 State the performance of navigation 1 Coverage, accuracy, integrity, continuity of systems service, availability 3.2.2 Explain the need for redundancy in 2 Ensuring continuity of service, maintainability, navigation systems reliability

SUB-TOPIC 3.3: Means of navigation 3.3.1 State the different means of 1 Sole, primary, supplementary navigation

TOPIC 4: NAVIGATION SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Terrestrial navigation aids 4.1.1 Explain the basic working principles of 2 Distance measurements (time and phase), angular electronic positioning measurements 4.1.2 Describe ground-based 2 NDB, VOR, DME, ILS, DF, MLS navigation systems e.g. Loran C, MLS, TACAN, marker beacons 4.1.3 Recognise how the navigation 1 _ information is displayed on the relevant pilot HMI 4.1.4 Explain the operational use of ground- 2 NDB, VOR, DME, ILS, DF, MLS based navigation systems in the different phases of flight 4.1.5 Recognise the frequency bands 1 _ used by the ground-based navigation systems 4.1.6 State the need for calibration 1 Flight calibration, ground-based calibration and/or maintenance SUB-TOPIC 4.2: On-board navigation systems 4.2.1 State the use of on-board 1 e.g. barometric altimetry, radio altimetry, INS/IRS, navigation systems compass SUB-TOPIC 4.3: Space-based navigation systems 4.3.1 Explain the basic working principles of 2 GPS satellite positioning e.g. Galileo

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4.3.2 Recognise the basic architecture of a 1 GPS core satellite positioning system e.g. Galileo 4.3.3 Recognise the frequency bands used 1 — by the space-based navigational systems 4.3.4 State the benefits of satellite-based 1 Global coverage, accuracy, time dissemination navigation e.g. redundancy, interoperability, single set of avionics 4.3.5 State the current limitations of 1 e.g. single frequency, weak signal, ionospheric delay, space-based navigation systems institutional, military, multipath 4.3.6 State the basic working principles of 1 e.g. ABAS (RAIM, AAIM), SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS), GBAS satellite augmentation (GRAS, S-CAT 1) 4.3.7 State the current implementations of 1 GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and augmentations satellite-based navigation systems e.g. ABAS, GBAS, SBAS

TOPIC 5: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 5.1: PBN 5.1.1 Describe the basic principle of area 2 ICAO RNAV definition and PBN concept navigation Conventional and area navigation e.g. navigation computer and FMS functionality 5.1.2 List the navigation applications in use 1 B-RNAV-5, P-RNAV-1, RNP approaches in Europe SUB-TOPIC 5.2: Future developments 5.2.1 State future navigation 21 e.g. 4D-RNAV, free routes, rationalisation plans, developments advanced RNP1

SUBJECT 7: SURVEILLANCE

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO SURVEILLANCE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Introduction to surveillance 1.1.1 Define surveillance in the context of 1 What (positioning/identification) and why (maintain ATM separation) 1.1.2 Define the various surveillance 1 Air-air, ground-air, ground-ground domains 1.1.3 List the surveillance techniques 1 Non-cooperative, cooperative, dependent, independent techniques 1.1.4 Define the current and emerging 1 Radar technology, ADS technology, surveillance systems in use in ATM multilateration, TIS

1.1.5 Explain the role and the current use of 2 Separation, vectoring, data acquisition surveillance equipment by ATM Detection and ranging, safety nets e.g. weather mapping

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1.1.6 State ICAO and any local legal 1 e.g. ICAO Annex 10 Vol. IV requirements 1.1.7 List the main users of surveillance 1 HMI, safety nets, FDPS, air defence systems, flow data management SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Avionics 1.2.1 State the avionics used for the 1 Transponder, GNSS, data link equipment, ACAS, ATC surveillance in ATM and their control panel interdependencies e.g. FMS 1.2.2 Define the role of TCAS as a safety 1 e.g. FMS_ net SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Primary radar 1.3.1 Describe the need for and the use of 2 Non-cooperative detection, improvement of detection primary radar in ATC and tracking e.g. types of PSR (en-route, terminal, SMR, weather) 1.3.2 Explain the principles of operation, 2 Detection, range measurement, azimuth indication basic elements and overall Doppler shift architecture of a primary radar Antenna system, TX/RX, signal processing, plot extraction, local tracking, data transmission e.g. use of the parameters of the radar equation 1.3.3 State the limitations of primary radar 1 Line of sight, environmental, clutter, no identification of the target, no height information (in case of 2D radar) SUB-TOPIC 1.4 Secondary radars 1.4.1 Describe needs for and the use of 2 Cooperative detection, ICAO-defined standard, IFF, secondary radars in ATC military and civil modes (include Mode S) and related code protocols, code limitations e.g. identification, SPI, flight level, BDS, specific and emergency codes 1.4.2 Explain the principles of operation, 2 SSR, MSSR, Mode S antenna, TX/RX, extractor, basic elements and overall tracking processor architecture of a secondary radar

1.4.3 State the limitations of secondary 1 FRUIT, garbling, ghost reply, code shortage, radar cooperation by the aircraft needed SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Surveillance data message format 1.5.1 State the need for harmonisation 1 Surveillance data sharing, interoperability 1.5.2 State the techniques used for 1 e.g. point-to-point, network, microwave, satellite transmission of surveillance data 1.5.3 State main formats in use 1 ASTERIX, etc.

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SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) 1.6.1 State surveillance-related FANS 1 Sources of aircraft parameters (e.g. FMS outputs), concepts and their impact on ATM communication mediums Application within oceanic and other non-radar airspace, ATC requirements 1.6.2 Explain the principles of operation, 2 Advantages/disadvantages, standards, data update basic elements and overall rates architecture of ADS-C and ADS-B and the differences between them 1.6.3 State the data link technologies 1 Extended squitter 1 090 MHz proposed and the current situation of e.g. VDL 4, HFDL, UAT, AMSS deployment SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Weather radar 1.7.1 Define the use of weather radar in 1 e.g. role in adverse weather in dense airspace, ATM antenna, coverage, polarisation, multi-elevation scanning, frequency band SUB-TOPIC 1.8: Integration of surveillance information 1.8.1 Describe complementary use of 2 _ different sensors SUB-TOPIC 1.9: Multilateration 1.9.1 State the use of MLAT in ATC 1 LAM and WAM 1.9.2 Explain the principles of operation, 12 TDOA principle, hyperboloic positioning, accuracy, basic elements and overall transmissions used architecture of MLAT SUB-TOPIC 1.10: Airport surface surveillance 1.10.1 State typical ATC requirements 1 e.g. safety (aircraft and mobiles), clear runway, low visibility, collision warnings, displays, mapping, data merging, aircraft identification, ground mobiles 1.10.2 State the current technologies for 1 Radar-based and MLAT-based technologies, example airport surface surveillance layout of airport surveillance infrastructure e.g. other systems (acoustic, vibration, induction loop, video, infrared, GNSS, ADS-B) SUB-TOPIC 1.11: Display of surveillance information 1.11.1 Recognise surveillance information 1 e.g. PSR and MSSR tracks, position identification, FL, on a display speed vector, RDP and FDP information SUB-TOPIC 1.12: Analysis Tools 1.12.1 State analysis tools 1 e.g. SASS-C, SASS-S, RAPS

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SUBJECT 8: DATA PROCESSING

TOPIC 1: DATA PROCESSING

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Introduction to data processing 1.1.1 Describe the functions and generic 2 Generic FDP and SDP overall functional block architecture of the systems diagrams 1.1.2 Describe how the systems interface 2 Surveillance sensors, displays, CFMU, recording, with other systems international ATM networks e.g. safety nets, military interfaces 1.1.3 Define basic software 1 FDP (IFPS, route processing, code/call sign correlation, functions/applications code allocation, strip distribution, track labelling) SDP (coordinate conversion, plot and track processing, MRP, safety nets, track labelling) 1.1.4 State the legal aspects for data 1 Traceability and recording of data and actions, processing in ATM configuration control 1.1.5 State the additional data used by ATM 1 e.g. MET, airlines system 1.1.6 State current developments and 1 e.g. Coflight, iTEC, SESAR, multisensor tracking future possibilities SUB-TOPIC 1.2: System software and hardware principles 1.2.1 Describe the current hardware 2 Redundancy and backup configurations used in ATM e.g. driver, interfaces, hardware platforms, fault tolerant systems 1.2.2 Describe the current software 2 Operating systems platforms, used in ATM SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Surveillance data processing 1.3.1 State ATC requirements 1 QoS, mandatory data recording, dependability 1.3.2 Explain the principles of SDP 2 e.g. single, multi, plot, track 1.3.3 Describe the functions of SDP 2 Plot processing, tracking, single sensor and multisensor tracker (e.g. radar, ADS, MLAT), estimating limits and accuracy of multisensor tracker, recording e.g. ARTAS tracker 1.3.4 Describe radar data inputs/outputs 2 Tracks, plots, messages, code/call sign, time, control and monitoring, conflict alerts, FDP interface, maps, adaptation 1.3.5 Describe the surveillance data-based 2 Safety nets, ATC tools monitoring functions e.g. safety nets: STCA, MSAW, APW, runway incursion alerts ATC Tools: MTCD, AMAN, DMAN, A-SMGCS

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SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Flight data processing (FDP) 1.4.1 State ATC requirements 1 QoS, unambiguous, accurate, error free, timely 1.4.2 Explain the functions of FDP 2 Flight strip production, flight plan data updates, code/call sign correlation, flight progress monitoring, coordination and transfer

e.g. CIV/MIL coordination

1.4.3 Define inputs and outputs 1 Flow control (CFMU/IFPS/FMP, ETFMS), flight strips/data displays, MRT, environmental data, static data, airspace adaptation 1.4.4 Describe the basic software 2 FDP (IFPS, route processing, code/call sign correlation, functions/applications code allocation, strip distribution, track labelling) 1.4.5 Describe the FPL data update process 2 Automatic and manual update SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Human machine interface systems 1.5.1 Describe the different display 2 Raster scan, common graphic display interface, LCD, technologies plasma, TFT, Touch Input Device 1.5.2 Recognise what information is 1 — normally displayed on the ATCO and ATSEP HMI SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Miscellaneous information

1.6.1 State the additional data used by 1 e.g. MET, airlines ATM system

SUBJECT 9: SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL

TOPIC 1: SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL (SMC)

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Overview of SMC Function 1.1.1 Describe the principles and purpose 2 Service requirements, interfaces, boundaries of of the operational management of tactical responsibility the technical services e.g. hierarchy of authority for the technical and ATC structures 1.1.2 Describe the technical system 2 Main monitoring and control architecture architecture of the SMC function and e.g. Surveillance: Radar stations, communications, its subordinate systems processing, display Communications: TX/RX, circuit management, networks, HMI, standby facilities, recording Navigation: NDB, VOR, ILS, DF DP: FDPS, data communications Facilities: Power, generators, UPS, battery, environmental (heating, cooling), fire and security

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1.1.3 Describe the transfer of responsibility 2 Operational and technical responsibility for a service Configuration and monitoring access and responsibility

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: System configuration:

1.2.1 Describe the range of configurations 2 Equipment or channel switching, parameter settings that can be used

1.2.2 Describe the general techniques that 2 e.g. physical switching are employed to make configuration changes

1.2.3 State procedures required to 1 e.g. safety requirement, authorisation, coordination, implement a planned major system implementation plan, fallback strategies, major change system change, activation of new version of software in a subordinate system, transfer of a service to a new system, change of a database

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Monitoring and control functions

1.3.1 State the monitoring functions that 1 e.g. BITE, status, parameters, software and hardware are available watchdogs

1.3.2 State the control functions that are 1 e.g. switching, parameters, set configurations available

1.3.3 Explain the importance of SMC 2 — management and coordination of maintenance activities

1.3.4 State analysis tools associated with 1 e.g. possible malfunctions (SASS-C, SASS-S, RAPS, track SMC and noise monitoring tools)

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Coordination and reporting

1.4.1 State why coordination and reporting 1 Facility interrupts, deconflict multiple outages, legal is required and how it is achieved requirements e.g. causes: service failure, planned outage, loss of backup, software upgrade Relevant parties: external service providers, ATC, other centres Relevant information: NOTAM, logbook

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Emergency coordination

1.5.1 Describe situations where 2 e.g. hijack, mayday, R/T fail, loss of aircraft, MIL coordination and reporting will be action, fire, flood, security, terrorist threat or action, necessary medical

1.5.2 State which parties may be involved 1 e.g. ATC supervisors (local and remote), ATSEP in the coordination and reporting of supervisors (local and remote), management, police, emergency situations MIL, medical, accident investigation branch

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1.5.3 Explain the responsibilities and/or 2 — duties of SMC members during an emergency situation by using an example scenario

1.5.4 State the succession of authorities 1 Hierarchy of responsibility and responsibilities in the event that the nominated person or function is not available

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Equipment operating

1.6.1 Define the principles and ergonomics 1 Permissions, control tokens, ergonomic conventions of the HMI of the SMC central system (e.g. green is good or safe, red is fail or unsafe) and its subordinate systems

1.6.2 State the routine tasks required and 1 e.g. audio circuit voice checking, audio recording the criticality of their completion and checking, archive media changing and storage, any legal requirements VOLMET

SUBJECT 10: MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

TOPIC 1: MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Maintenance procedures

1.1.1 Explain handling precautions to be 2 Isolation, protection devices, electrostatic sensitive taken to ensure equipment devices, power supplies, heavy loads, high voltage protection

1.1.2 Explain the classifications of 2 e.g. preventative, corrective, service configuration maintenance

1.1.3 Explain the maintenance strategy and 2 Organisation and planning of maintenance, rules rules controlling deviation from planned maintenance, intervention tracking, return to service

1.1.4 State the scope or responsibility of an 1 e.g. tracing maintenance actions and objectives, S/E rated person liability of maintenance personnel actions, safety of service, safety of equipment

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APPENDIX 3a QUALIFICATION TRAINING — SHARED

The subjects, topics and sub-topics are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form a part of it.

SUBJECT 1: SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY MANAGEMENT

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Policy and principles 1.1.1 Explain the underlying need for safety 2 ICAO Annex 19, lessons learnt from events, evolving management policy and principles environment, requirements 1.1.2 State the safety management policy 1 ICAO Annex 19, priority of safety, the safety objective of ATM, roles and responsibilities 1.1.3 Explain safety management principles 2 ICAO Annex 19, safety achievement, safety assurance, safety promotion 1.1.4 Appreciate the reactive and proactive 3 e.g. ICAO Annex 19 nature of safety management policy and e.g. nature of events, reason model, events principles investigation, safety assessment 1.1.5 Explain the link between safety 2 ICAO Annex 19, safety occurrences, setting of safety management principles and the life levels, system safety assessment, safety surveys, cycle of an ATM system safety monitoring, system safety assessment documentation, lesson dissemination, safety improvement, use of safety data to assist in decommissioning or replacement of system 1.1.6 Relate the ATSEP role and 4 Competency, occurrence reporting responsibilities to safety management 1.1.7 State the role and content of a typical 1 ICAO Annex 19 SMS within an ANSP 1.1.8 Explain the ‘just culture’ concept 2 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Concept of risk and principles of risk assessment 1.2.1 Describe the concept of risk 2 Types of risk, components of risk, risk contributors (people, procedure, organisations and equipment) 1.2.2 State ways of assessing risk 1 Risk comparisons, risk analysis 1.2.3 Describe the concept of risk tolerability 2 Risk assessment and mitigation, ALARP Principle e.g. Risk perception, risk management

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SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Safety assessment process

1.3.1 Explain the methods for the assessment 2 e.g. Failure and hazard brainstorm session, Fault tree of hazards and possible failures analysis

1.3.2 Appreciate the importance of adopting a 3 ATM system description (including scope definition total system approach covering human, and limitation), end-to-end integrity of safety procedure, organisation and equipment assessment elements

e.g. Concept of TRM

1.3.3 Describe the overall safety assessment 2 Collection and presentation of results, contingency process and its relationships with risk arrangements, back-up procedures assessment during the total life cycle of e.g. Risk-based process, FHA, (safety objectives), ANS system

preliminary system safety assessment PSSA (safety requirements), system safety assessment SSA (safety monitoring and evidence)

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Air navigation system risk classification scheme

1.4.1 Describe the ATM system risk 2 e.g. Scenario of failure of air navigation system classification scheme (incident chain), component of a risk classification

scheme, severity classes, probability classes (qualitative and quantitative)

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Safety regulation

1.5.1 Describe the role of safety regulation 2 The purpose of European (EASA, EU) regulations and international standards, objective of the national regulator

1.5.2 Explain the relationship between the 2 ICAO documentation (SARPS), EASA/EU Regulations, safety regulation documents AMCs and GM, national regulation

1.5.3 Explain how the safety regulation 2 ICAO documentation (SARPS), EASA/EU Regulations, documents affect ATM service provision AMCs and GM, national regulation

1.5.4 Explain the interface between the safety 2 Information to be provided to regulator by ANSP and regulator and the ANSP vice versa, importance of incident reporting

SUBJECT 2: HEALTH AND SAFETY

TOPIC 1: HAZARD AWARENESS AND LEGAL RULES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Hazard awareness

1.1.1 State potential hazards to health and 1 e.g. COM/SUR/SMC: mechanical hazards, electrical safety generated by equipment used hazards (LV, HV, EMI), chemical hazards in CNS/ATM NAV: includes RF energy

DP: none

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Regulations and procedures

1.2.1 State applicable international 1 e.g. European norms, CENELEC, DIN requirements

1.2.2 State any applicable national 1 — requirements

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1.2.3 State safety procedure for the 1 e.g. COM/NAV/SUR/SMC: isolation (clothing, tools), persons working on or near relevant fire extinction types, safety man presence, safety equipment interlocks, isolating switches, security of the site, climbing procedures, earthing, direct or indirect contact with HV

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Handling of hazardous material

1.3.1 State European and local regulations 1 Protection of environment for electronic device disposal

e.g. recycling

SUBJECT 3: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN FACTORS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Introduction

1.1.1 Explain why human factors are 2 Historical background, safety impact on ATM, particularly important in the ATM incidents environment

1.1.2 Define human factors 1 e.g. ICAO Human Factors Training Manual

1.1.3 Explain the concept of systems and its 2 People, procedures, equipment relevance in the ATM environment

1.1.4 Explain the use of the SHELL model 2 e.g. ICAO Human Factors Training Manual, visits to

OPS and technical rooms

1.1.5 State the factors which can affect 1 e.g. psychological, medical, physiological, social, personal and team performance organisational, communication, stress, human error,

working knowledge and skills

TOPIC 2: WORKING KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: ATSEP knowledge, skills and competence

2.1.1 Explain the importance of 2 Assure safety maintaining and updating professional knowledge and skills

2.1.2 Explain the importance of 2 e.g. communication, human relationship, knowledge maintaining non-technical skills and of environment, human limit awareness professional competence

2.1.3 State the available means to maintain 1 e.g. practice, personal study, briefing, seminars, professional knowledge and skills courses, technical periodicals, technical books, OJT,

simulation, CBT, e-learning, visits, feedback, TRM

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TOPIC 3: PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Cognition 3.1.1 Describe major aspects of human 2 Perception, attention, memory, judgement, decisioninformation processing making, response execution, control of execution 3.1.2 Describe the factors which influence 2 e.g. stress and strain, experience, knowledge, information processing distraction, interpersonal relations, working environment, risk perception, attitude, workload,

fatigue, confidence, job security

3.1.3 Appreciate factors which influence 3 e.g. case study, simulation, role playing information processing

TOPIC 4: MEDICAL

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Fatigue 4.1.1 Describe the effect of fatigue on 2 Physiological, cognitive and relational effects human performance

e.g. lack of concentration, irritability, frustration

4.1.2 Recognise the signs of fatigue in 1 e.g. making frequent mistakes, unable to concentrate, oneself and in others lack of normal humour, sleeping and/or eating

disorders

4.1.3 Explain how to respond to indications 2 Take time off, rest for short periods of time, seek of fatigue in an appropriate manner professional help SUB-TOPIC 4.2: Fitness 4.2.1 Describe signs of lack of personal 2 — fitness 4.2.2 Describe actions to prevent or 2 Healthy lifestyle resolve lack of personal fitness

e.g. healthy diet, sleeping, physical and mental activities

4.2.3 Explain the influence of psychoactive 2 e.g. nervous system, medication, smoking, alcohol, substances on human performance habitual and occasional use of psychoactive

substances

SUB-TOPIC 4.3: Work environment 4.3.1 Describe the influence of the work 2 Ergonomics, effects of noise, electromagnetic waves, environment on human performance temperature, working circumstances

TOPIC 5: ORGANISATIONAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS

SUB-TOPIC 5.1: Basic needs of people at work 5.1.1 Explain basic needs of people at work 2 e.g. balance between individual ability and workload,

working time and rest periods; adequate working conditions, positive working environment

5.1.2 Characterise the factors of work 2 e.g. money, motivation, achievement, recognition, satisfaction advancement, challenge

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SUB-TOPIC 5.2: Team resource management 5.2.1 State the objectives of TRM 1 Experience sharing, feedback, improved interpersonal relations, indirect increase in safety SUB-TOPIC 5.3: Teamwork and team roles 5.3.1 Describe the differences between 2 — social human relations and professional interactions 5.3.2 Identify reasons for loss of team 3 e.g. roles poorly defined, goals poorly identified, bad effectiveness and actions to prevent planning, too many leaders or not enough, respect for it and prevent repetition others, divergence in values, misunderstandings 5.3.3 Describe the principles of teamwork 2 e.g. team membership, group dynamics,

advantages/disadvantages of teamwork

5.3.4 Identify reasons for conflict 3 — 5.3.5 Describe actions to prevent human 2 — conflicts 5.3.6 Describe strategies to cope with 2 — human conflicts

TOPIC 6: COMMUNICATION

SUB-TOPIC 6.1: Written report 6.1.1 Appreciate the importance of 3 ATSEP technical report, logs, system degradation recording information by writing reports, specification, system manager report effectively 6.1.2 Use appropriate terminology to 3 Be concise, clear; common technical terms; convey communicate effectively in writing key points SUB-TOPIC 6.2: Verbal and non-verbal communication 6.2.1 Describe the human communication 2 — process 6.2.2 Characterise the factors which affect 2 e.g. Cognitive: lack of knowledge of the procedures, of verbal communication technical terms, workload, poor receiver references Affective: being shy, feelings of not being listened to,

not being part of the group, not being assertive, poor eye contact while talking, stress Physiological: stuttering, low voice level

6.2.3 Describe factors which affect non- 2 e.g. touch, noise, interruption, body language verbal communication 6.2.4 Use appropriate vocabulary to 3 Technical ‘jargon’, language differences, standard communicate effectively on technical words/phrases matters 6.2.5 Use appropriate language for 3 Term sharing, translation, being concise, simple professional communication with words, selection of information and detail level non-ATSEP according to the receiver

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TOPIC 7: STRESS

SUB-TOPIC 7.1: Stress 7.1.1 Explain the process of stress 2 Causes, stress mechanism, consequences in different work situations (e.g. online intervention, maintenance,

training)

7.1.2 State the symptoms of stress 1 e.g. frustration, anger, irritability, aggressive and/or

irrational behaviour, helplessness

SUB-TOPIC 7.2: Stress management 7.2.1 Act to relieve or minimise stress in 3 The effect of personality in coping with stress, self and/or others benefits of active stress management

7.2.2 Appreciate how assistance is 3 Benefits of asking, offering and accepting help in obtained in stressful situations stressful situations

e.g. CISM

7.2.3 Recognise the effects of shocking and 1 For oneself and for others, abnormal situations stressful situations 7.2.4 Consider the benefits of critical 2 — incident stress management

TOPIC 8: HUMAN ERROR

SUB-TOPIC 8.1: Human error 8.1.1 Describe human error 2 — 8.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 Mechanism, error-prone conditions, consequences human error and safety

e.g. reason model, feedback

8.1.3 State different types of errors using 1 e.g. Rasmussen model, Gagne model an appropriate model 8.1.4 Differentiate between errors and 2 — violations 8.1.5 Explain how to detect errors 2 e.g. individual and collective strategy, event report,

procedure

8.1.6 Explain, in general terms, how errors 2 — are mitigated 8.1.7 Appreciate two significant ATM 3 — incidents/accidents involving ATSEP/engineering contributory factors

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APPENDIX 4a QUALIFICATION TRAINING — STREAMS

Subjects, topics and sub-topics from Appendix 4a are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form a part of it.

Stream COMMUNICATION — VOICE

SUBJECT 1: VOICE

TOPIC 1: AIR-GROUND

SUB-TOPIC 1.1:Transmission/reception 1.1.1 Perform typical measurements on a 3 Frequency (single carrier, offset carrier), modulation, transmitter channel spacing, output power, SWR 1.1.2 Adjust a generic radio transmitter 4 Noise, intermodulation, harmonics, power, bandwidth 1.1.3 Analyse the block diagram of a 4 Characteristics (modulation, single carrier, channel generic radio transmitter spacing), functionalities 1.1.4 Perform typical measurements on a 3 Frequency, modulation, channel spacing, sensitivity, receiver selectivity 1.1.5 Adjust a generic radio receiver 4 Signal to noise ratio, harmonics 1.1.6 Analyse the block diagram of a 4 Characteristics (single carrier, channel spacing, generic radio receiver sensitivity, selectivity) SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Radio antenna systems 1.2.1 Explain antenna parameters 2 Impedance, polar diagram, bandwidth, polarisation, types of antennas 1.2.2 Characterise the coverage of the 2 Polar diagram, types of antennas, frequency bands, radio system propagation mode 1.2.3 Characterise budget link according to 2 Output power, antennae, propagation, geographic, various conditions meteorological, day and night 1.2.4 Characterise the elements of a 2 Filters, combiners, multi-cavity system generic antenna system 1.2.5 Check the conformity of a system to 3 Ref.: ICAO Annex 10 (VHF, UHF) ITU and national regulation 1.2.6 Perform measurements with generic 3 Spectrum analyser radio test equipment

e.g. scanner

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Voice switch 1.3.1 Analyse switching functionalities 4 General architecture, digital, analogue, multiplex types, PCM e.g. cross-coupling, split headset (radio both ears,

telephone single ear)

1.3.2 Explain the principles of non-blocking 2 Advantages, disadvantages, delays (digital) switches

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.3.3 Describe the signal processing all 2 Signal tracing treatment, protocols (a few), data flow along the chain SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Controller working position 1.4.1 Describe the most common features 2 Frequency selection, emergency, station selection, of a controller working position coupling, headset, loudspeaker, footswitch, Push to Talk

e.g. microphone (noise cancelling), short time recording

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Radio interfaces 1.5.1 Describe the different types of 2 Internal, external, phantom keying, in-band signal interface

TOPIC 2: GROUND-GROUND

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Interfaces 2.1.1 Describe the different types of 2 Analogue (2, 4, 6 and 8 wires), digital (ISDN; 64 Kb, interfaces 2 Mb) 2.1.2 Explain the advantages and 2 Analogue (2, 4, 6 and 8 wires), digital (ISDN; 64 Kb, disadvantages of each type 2 Mb) 2.1.3 Operate measuring equipment 3 e.g. dB meters, level meters, generators, sniffer SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Protocols 2.2.1 Operate standard protocol analysers 3 e.g. MFC R2 and/or ATS QSIG (rerouting), impulse

dialling and DTMF dialling, ISDN

2.2.2 Analyse communication protocol with 4 e.g. MFC R2 , ATS QSIG (rerouting), impulse dialling appropriate tools and documentation and DTMF dialling, ISDN, national protocols SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Switch 2.3.1 State the similarities between 1 Switching techniques ground-ground and air-ground switches 2.3.2 Describe the most commonly used 2 General architecture, digital, analogue, multiplex functionality of PABX types, PCM30 2.3.3 Analyse conversion 4 General architecture, analogue-digital-analogue analogue-digital, digital-analogue SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Communication chain 2.4.1 Appreciate the replacement of 3 Continuity of service, communication chain integrity components in a communication Additional: for achievement of competence, this chain in a safe way objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Controller working position 2.5.1 Describe the most common features 2 — of a controller working position and the HMI

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 2: TRANSMISSION PATH

TOPIC 1: LINES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Lines theory 1.1.1 Calculate parameters of a line 3 e.g. equation, attenuation, impedance, S-parameters, Smith chart, bandwidth, HF specifics (dipoles,

multipoles), SWR

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Digital transmission 1.2.1 Calculate parameters for digital 3 e.g. signal definition, Fourier Theory, signal processing transmission (sampling, etc.), bandwidth, carrier, modulation,

noises, S/N, delays, group delay, line quality (signal distortion, rate of failure), transmission speed

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Types of lines 1.3.1 Describe the different types of lines 2 e.g. copper wires (twisted pairs, symmetrical cables), and their physical characteristics optic fibres (monomodes or multimodes, connectors,

splicer), coaxial attenuation, losses, bending, characteristic impedance, EMC and noise immunity

1.3.2 Appreciate the appropriate type of 3 e.g. bandwidth, noise immunity line for a given specific application 1.3.3 Check the typical parameters of lines 3 e.g. impedance, insulation, signal level, time delay

TOPIC 2: SPECIFIC LINKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Microwave link 2.1.1 Describe a microwave link 2 e.g. carrier frequency, type of modulation, Fresnel

Theory, loss, atmospheric influences

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Satellite 2.2.1 Describe the parameters of a satellite 2 Uplinks, downlinks, antennas, footprint, delays, link atmospheric influences

SUBJECT 3: RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain the international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how service providers comply 2 e.g. storage media, access to recording and with the regulations reproducing room, time to store information

(overwrite/erase voice or data), procedure to

reproduce information.

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

SUBJECT 4: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in communication system, safety reports and reporting processes occurrences, safety monitoring

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failures in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output. Ref.: safety policy on controller and effect on pilot and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream COMMUNICATION — DATA

SUBJECT 1: DATA

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Types

1.1.1 State the evolution of network 1 LAN, WAN topologies

e.g. architectures, size of the segments, length of the systems, quality of service

1.1.2 Explain how networks meet 2 Redundancy, bandwidth, BER, time delay, network requirements security

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Networks

1.2.1 Analyse the features of a network 4 Routing scheme, rate, internal networking, routers, bridges, gateways, modems, switches, firewalls

e.g. wireless networks

1.2.2 Describe network standards and 2 Ethernet, fibre optic, wireless devices

1.2.3 Appreciate the replacement of 3 Continuity of service, network integrity components in a network in a safe Additional: for achievement of competence, this way objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: External network services

1.3.1 Define aspects of external network 1 Provided QoS services

e.g. SLAs

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Measuring tools

1.4.1 Operate the usual set of network 3 Data analyser (sniffer) measuring or monitoring tools to find

e.g.net scout

the values of the main parameters

1.4.2 Perform analysis to support fault- 3 Data analyser (sniffer) finding for correction

e.g.net scout

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Troubleshooting

1.5.1 Appreciate how to troubleshoot a 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this network objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. broken lines, unusable network components,

overload, integrity problems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: PROTOCOLS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Fundamental theory 2.1.1 Apply the principles of layers 3 Differences between layers

e.g. layer(s) of sniffer information

2.1.2 Apply the principles of addressing 3 Masks, subnets strategy IP addressing, MAC addressing

e.g. same logical network computers and systems

2.1.3 Apply the principles of routing 3 Routing tables, priorities, fault tolerance, strategy management of routing strategy, static and dynamic routing

e.g. unicast, multicast, broadcast

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: General protocols 2.2.1 Describe the general protocols 2 TCP/IP (segments, packets, addressing)

e.g. X25, LAPB, pdH, sdH

2.2.2 Analyse the general protocols using 4 TCP/IP the appropriate tools and

e.g. X25, LAPB

documentation SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Specific protocols 2.3.1 Describe the specific protocols 2 e.g. BATAP — ARINC 620, FMTP

TOPIC 3: NATIONAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: National networks 3.1.1 Name the national networks to which 1 e.g. ANSP, MET, military, PTT, airlines, national the organisation is connected network(s) 3.1.2 Describe the interfaces between 2 — national and global networks

TOPIC 4: EUROPEAN NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Network technologies 4.1.1 State emerging network technologies 1 e.g.as used in EAN, NEAN, AMHS, PENS 4.1.2 Describe the characteristics of 2 Surveillance data, flight plan data and AIS networks current networks e.g. CIDIN, OLDI, CFMU-RCA, quality of service,

architecture, FMTP, AMHS

TOPIC 5: GLOBAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 5.1: Networks and standards 5.1.1 List the global networks and the 1 e.g. ICAO for AFTN/CIDIN/AMHS, ICAO for ATN, FANS standards on which they are based 1 and FANS A for ACARS applications (SITA and ARINC) SUB-TOPIC 5.2: Description 5.2.1 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Users and data, architectures, quality of service AFTN networks

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 5.3: Global architecture 5.3.1 Describe the architecture of the ATN 2 Air-ground subnetworks, ground-ground subnetworks, airborne networks SUB-TOPIC 5.4: Air-ground subnetworks 5.4.1 Describe the air-ground subnetworks 2 VDL (mode 2), HFDL, AMSS, SATCOM SUB-TOPIC 5.5: Ground-ground subnetworks 5.5.1 Describe the composition of ground- 2 PTT, commercial telecom providers, ARINC, SITA ground subnetworks SUB-TOPIC 5.6: Networks on board of the aircraft 5.6.1 State the existence of subnetworks 1 e.g. AFDX — ARINC 429 inside the aircraft relevant for ATM communications SUB-TOPIC 5.7: Air-ground applications 5.7.1 State the main communication 1 e.g. CPDLC, DLIC/AFN, ATIS, DCL applications using data link systems

SUBJECT 2: TRANSMISSION PATH

TOPIC 1: LINES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Lines theory 1.1.1 Calculate parameters of a line 3 e.g. equation, attenuation, impedance, S-parameters, Smith chart, bandwidth, HF specifics (dipoles,

multipoles), SWR

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Digital transmission 1.2.1 Calculate parameters for digital 3 e.g. signal definition, Fourier Theory, signal processing transmission (sampling, etc.), bandwidth, carrier, modulation,

noises, S/N, delays, group delay, line quality (signal distortion, rate of failure), transmission speed

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Types of lines 1.3.1 Describe the different types of lines 2 e.g. copper wires (twisted pairs, symmetrical cables), and their physical characteristics optic fibres (monomodes or multimodes, connectors,

splicer), coaxial attenuation, losses, bending, characteristic impedance, EMC and noise immunity

1.3.2 Appreciate the appropriate type of 3 e.g. bandwidth, noise immunity line for a given specific application 1.3.3 Check the typical parameters of lines 3 e.g. impedance, insulation, signal level, time delay

TOPIC 2: SPECIFIC LINKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Microwave link 2.1.1 Describe a microwave link 2 e.g. carrier frequency, type of modulation, Fresnel

Theory, loss, atmospheric influences

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Satellite 2.2.1 Describe the parameters of a satellite 2 Uplinks, downlinks, antennas, footprint, delays, link atmospheric influences

SUBJECT 3: RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain the international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how service providers comply 2 e.g. confidentiality when handling recorders, with the regulations procedures for access to recorders, storage media,

access to recording and reproducing room, time to

store information (overwrite/erase voice or data),

procedure to reproduce information

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

SUBJECT 4: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in communication system, safety reports and reporting processes occurrences, safety monitoring

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failures in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output. on controller and effect on pilot Ref.: safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream NAVIGATION — NON-DIRECTIONAL BEACON (NDB)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, availability, characteristics of a navigation system continuity of service, coverage, robustness

e.g. Time To First Fix

1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-Board Performance Monitoring and Alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3 Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 2 GROUND-BASED SYSEMS — NDB

TOPIC 1: NDB/LOCATOR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Appreciate the principles of NDB 3 Relative bearing, measuring method 1.1.2 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity 1.1.3 Explain the technical limitations of 2 Lack of accuracy, lack of integrity, sensitivity to NDB interference 1.1.4 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, user groups, European

context

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Ground station architecture 1.2.1 Describe the main components of an 2 Electronic cabinet, antennas, power supply, remote NDB ground station controls and monitoring

e.g. auto-tune antenna units

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.2.2 Relate NDB station design to 4 Coverage, ID code, VOR backup, double beacon operational requirements approach, siting

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Transmitter subsystem

1.3.1 Characterise the main NDB signal 2 Carrier and ident frequency, output power, depth of parameters modulation 1.3.2 Perform typical measurements on the 3 e.g. carrier and ident frequency, power main NDB signal parameters measurements, depth of modulation, audio distortion,

antenna current, spectrum measurements, ID code

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Antenna subsystem

1.4.1 Explain NDB antenna characteristics 2 Impedance, polar diagram, polarisation, ground reflections 1.4.2 Appreciate the interface between 3 SWR, radiated power power stage and the antenna

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Monitoring and control subsystems

1.5.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service, availability 1.5.2 Describe which parameters are used 2 Antenna current, ID code, depth of modulation for the monitoring 1.5.3 Appreciate how the operational 3 System status status of the NDB monitoring system Additional: for achievement of competence, this is checked objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training 1.5.4 Describe the issues associated with 2 Siting NDB obstacle limitations and obstacle removal

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: On-board equipment

1.6.1 Describe the on-board equipment 2 Receiver, antenna, displays (ADF)

1.6.2 Describe how NDB information is used 2 ADF indicator, RMI, HSI, ND on-board

SUB-TOPIC 1.7: System check and maintenance

1.7.1 Appreciate the conformity to 3 ITU regulations (EMC + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 international and national regulations

e.g. European regulations

1.7.2 Appreciate calibration tasks and flight 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this inspection results objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.7.3 Appreciate troubleshooting of an 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this NDB objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

1.7.4 Appreciate the origins of NDB errors 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. multipath, EMC, interference with radio broadcast transmissions

SUBJECT 3: GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view

1.1.1 Explain the importance and 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, Navigation continuing development of GNSS Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan

1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, interference to GNSS signals solar activity

1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP GNSS oversight in your State and how it is carried out

1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the ARNS

e.g. COMPASS

bands

1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring

1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems

1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer

1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation 2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of vertical 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to navigation management routines and in systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream NAVIGATION — DIRECTION FINDING (DF)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, characteristics of a navigation system availability, continuity of service, coverage, robustness

e.g. Time To First Fix

1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-board performance monitoring and alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3 Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 2: GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS — DFI

TOPIC 1: DF

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 State the different types of DF 1 VDF, DDF, IDF 1.1.2 Describe the user HMI 2 Indication on radar picture, DF indicator 1.1.3 Appreciate the principles of DF 3 Bearing, measuring method (standard, Doppler, interferometry) 1.1.4 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity 1.1.5 Explain the technical limitations of DF 2 Sensitivity to interference 1.1.6 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, national context

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: VDF/DDF equipment architecture 1.2.1 Describe the main components of DF 2 Electronic cabinet, antennas, power supply, remote equipment controls and monitoring

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Receiver subsystem 1.3.1 Explain the main signal parameters 2 Frequency band (UHF, VHF) SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Antenna subsystem 1.4.1 Explain DF antenna characteristics 2 Impedance, polar diagram, polarisation, types of antennas 1.4.2 Appreciate protection areas 3 Obstacles, ICAO Annex 10

e.g. manufacturers manuals

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Monitoring and control subsystems 1.5.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service, availability 1.5.2 Describe which parameters are used 2 Noise figure, stability of measurement for the monitoring 1.5.3 Appreciate how the operational 3 System status status of the DF monitoring system is Additional: for achievement of competence, this checked objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training 1.5.4 Describe the issues associated with 2 Surrounding environment, protection of bearing DF obstacle limitations and obstacle accuracy removal SUB-TOPIC 1.6: System check and maintenance 1.6.1 Appreciate the conformity to 3 ITU regulations (EMV + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 international and national regulations

e.g. European regulations

1.6.2 Perform typical measurements on a 3 Frequency, channel spacing, sensitivity, selectivity, DF system bearing accuracy 1.6.3 Appreciate calibration tasks and flight 3 Ground-based bearing checks, test oscillator inspection results Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. North setting, range, multipath Maintenance and flight inspection manuals, procedures and reports

1.6.4 Appreciate troubleshooting of DF 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. sensitivity, local oscillator level Maintenance and flight inspection manuals, procedures and reports

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.6.5 Appreciate the origin of DF errors 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. multipath, EMC, interference with radio broadcast transmissions

SUBJECT 3: GNSS

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view

1.1.1 Explain the importance and 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, continuing development of GNSS Navigation Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan

1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, interference to GNSS signals solar activity

1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. GNSS oversight in your State and how

e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP

it is carried out

1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the ARNS

e.g. COMPASS

bands

1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring

1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems

1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer

1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation

2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of vertical 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in navigation systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream NAVIGATION — VHF OMNIDIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, availability, characteristics of a navigation system continuity of service, coverage, robustness e.g. Time To First Fix 1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-board performance monitoring and alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 2: GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS — VOR

TOPIC 1: VOR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 State the types of VOR Systems 1 Conventional, doppler 1.1.2 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity 1.1.3 Explain the technical limitations of 2 Type of information (azimuth), accuracy, integrity, CVOR suitable for a network of fixed routes 1.1.4 Appreciate the differences between 3 Signal broadcast differences, bearing information CVOR and DVOR robustness 1.1.5 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, user groups, national

context, European context

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Fundamentals of CVOR and/or DVOR 1.2.1 Appreciate the mathematical signal 3 Declination, equations of CVOR and/or DVOR, description reference and variable signals 1.2.2 Appreciate the principles for 3 CVOR generating the variable signal Rotating antenna principle Generating a rotating radiation pattern with static antennas and/or DVOR Frequency modulation through switching antenna

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground station architecture 1.3.1 Describe the main components of a 2 Electronic cabinet, antenna system, power supply, CVOR and/or DVOR ground station remote controls and monitoring 1.3.2 Relate VOR station design to 4 Siting, coverage, ID code, NDB backup operational requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Transmitter subsystem 1.4.1 Characterise main signal parameters 2 Carrier frequency stability, output power, signals for a CVOR and/or DVOR generated 1.4.2 Perform typical transmitter 3 Radiation pattern accuracy, power and modulation measurements on VOR signals measurements, spectrum measurements, ID coding SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Antenna subsystem 1.5.1 Explain VOR antenna characteristics 2 Impedance, polar diagram, polarisation, types of antennas 1.5.2 Appreciate the interface between 3 SWR, radiated power power stage and the antennae 1.5.3 Appreciate protection areas 3 Obstacles, ICAO Annex 10

e.g. manufacturers manuals

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Monitoring and control subsystem 1.6.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service, availability 1.6.2 Describe which VOR parameters are 2 ICAO and RTCA/EUROCAE requirements monitored e.g. NSA requirements 1.6.3 Describe the principles of the CVOR 2 Near field sensors, far field sensors, recombination and/or DVOR monitoring systems Local and remote monitoring

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.6.4 Appreciate how the operational status 3 Near field sensors, far field sensors, recombination of the CVOR and/or DVOR monitoring Local and remote monitoring systems are checked Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective should be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. BITE, Watchdog

1.6.5 Describe the issues associated with 2 Surrounding environment, multipath prevention VOR obstacle limitations and obstacle removal 1.6.6 Explain the optional ILS interface 2 —

SUB-TOPIC 1.7: On-board equipment 1.7.1 Describe the on-board equipment 2 Antenna, receiver HMI

e.g. CDI, RMI, HSI, ND, PFD

1.7.2 Describe how the VOR information is 2 e.g. single VOR, VOR-VOR, approach procedures, used on board manual mode, automatic mode

SUB-TOPIC 1.8: System check and maintenance 1.8.1 Appreciate the conformity to 3 ITU regulations (EMC + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 international and national regulations 1.8.2 Perform typical system 3 In space modulation, phase sideband/carrier, ground measurements check for bearing errors 1.8.3 Appreciate calibration tasks and flight 3 Flight inspection (coverage, flight check for bearing inspection results errors and modulation) Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. maintenance manuals, procedures and reports

1.8.4 Appreciate troubleshooting of a 3 Carrier frequency deviation, depth of modulation, lack CVOR and/or DVOR of power, harmonics ratio Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.8.5 Analyse the origins of CVOR and/or 4 CVOR DVOR errors System-dependent, adjustments, drifts, multipath, onboard errors and/or DVOR North Adjustment

e.g. DVOR: antenna feeding DVOR and CVOR: multipath, EMC, interference with radio broadcast transmissions

SUBJECT 3: GNSS

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view 1.1.1 Explain the importance and 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, Navigation continuing development of GNSS Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan 1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, interference to GNSS signals solar activity

1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP GNSS oversight in your State and how it is carried out 1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the

e.g. COMPASS

ARNS bands 1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring 1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems 1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer 1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation 2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of vertical 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in navigation systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream NAVIGATION — DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, availability, characteristics of a navigation system continuity of service, coverage, robustness

e.g. Time To First Fix

1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-board performance monitoring and alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 2: GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS — DME

TOPIC 1: DME

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Describe the overall performances for 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, DME integrity, continuity, number of users

1.1.2 Explain the limitations of DME 2 Accuracy, integrity, capacity 1.1.3 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, types, users, user groups, national

context, European context

1.1.4 State the role of the DME 1 PBN infrastructure in the future navigation applications

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.1.5 Explain the differences between DME 2 e.g. azimuth and range and TACAN for civilian use SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Fundamentals of DME 1.2.1 Describe the key elements of DME 2 Two-way ranging technique, slant range, time system operation measurement A/c interrogation, pulse pairs, ground reply, fixed time delay, interrogation stagger, ‘X’ and ‘Y’ channels 1.2.2 Explain the frequency spectrum and 2 ICAO Annex 10, L-band the channel spacing allocated SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground station architecture 1.3.1 Describe the main components of a 2 Electronic cabinet, antenna system, power supply, DME ground station remote controls and monitoring 1.3.2 Relate DME station design to 4 Coverage, ID code, siting operational requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Receiver subsystem 1.4.1 Explain the main receiver parameters 2 Sensitivity, selectivity, dynamic range, jamming for a DME immunity 1.4.2 Perform the typical measurements on 3 Sensitivity, selectivity, dynamic range, jamming the interrogation signals immunity SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Signal processing 1.5.1 Explain the functions performed by a 2 Decode, Reply Delay, Automatic Reply Rate Control, DME/N signal processor Encode, priority (Ident, DME signal, Squitter) 1.5.2 Perform the typical measurement on 3 Reply delay, Reply delay offset, decode parameters, the DME/N transponder signals rate of replies SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Transmitter subsystem 1.6.1 Characterise the main signal 2 Carrier frequency, output power, pulse shape, pulse parameters from the ground station spacing, pulse repetition frequency, main delay, ID code 1.6.2 Perform the typical measurements on 3 Power and pulse measurements, spectrum a DME measurements, modulation measurements SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Antenna subsystem 1.7.1 Explain DME antenna characteristics 2 Patterns, antennas 1.7.2 Appreciate the interface between 3 SWR, radiated power, propagation delay, distribution power stage and the antenna circuit (e.g. duplexer, circulator) 1.7.3 Appreciate protection areas 3 ICAO Annex 10, protection area criteria and enforcement

e.g. manufacturers manuals

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.8: Monitoring and control subsystem

1.8.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service

1.8.2 Describe which DME parameters are 2 ICAO and RTCA/EUROCAE requirements monitored

e.g. NSA requirements

1.8.3 Appreciate how the operational status 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this of the DME monitoring system is objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by checked the end of the S/E rating training

1.8.4 Describe the issues associated with 2 Multipath, blanking DME obstacle limitations and obstacle removal

SUB-TOPIC 1.9: On-board equipment

1.9.1 Describe the on-board equipment 2 Transmitter, antenna, receiver, HMI

e.g. HSI, DME range indication, ND

1.9.2 Describe how the DME information is 2 e.g. single DME, multi-DME navigation (rho rho), used on board approach procedures, manual mode, automatic

mode

SUB-TOPIC 1.10: System check and maintenance

1.10.1 Appreciate the conformity to 3 ITU regulations (EMC + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 international and national

e.g. European regulations

regulations

1.10.2 Appreciate calibration tasks and 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this flight inspection results objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

1.10.3 Appreciate troubleshooting of a 3 Carrier frequency deviation, depth of modulation, DME lack of power, harmonics ratio Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. main delay and monitor shutdown errors,

interference

Maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

1.10.4 Appreciate the origin of DME errors 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. Multipath, EMC, interference with radio broadcast transmissions (harmonics)

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 3: GNSS

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view 1.1.1 Explain the importance and continuing 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, Navigation development of GNSS Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan 1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of interference 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, to GNSS signals solar activity 1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP GNSS oversight in your State and how it is carried out 1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the

e.g. COMPASS

ARNS bands 1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring 1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems 1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer 1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation 2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of vertical 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in navigation systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Stream NAVIGATION — INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, availability, characteristics of a navigation system continuity of service, coverage, robustness

e.g. Time To First Fix

1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-board performance monitoring and alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 2: GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS — ILS

TOPIC 1: ILS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Describe the overall performance for 2 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 ILS Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity, number of users 1.1.2 Explain the limitations of ILS 2 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 Only 40 channels, no segmented paths of approach, beam corruption due to multipath 1.1.3 Interpret ILS facility performance 5 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 categories Cat I, Cat II, Cat III Different operational category depending on operational minima, equipment and airport facilities

1.1.4 Define obstacle-free zones for ILS 1 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 components Dimensions

e.g. national regulations

1.1.5 Explain the importance and need for 2 ILS beam protection, increased significance during LVP ILS obstacle-free zones conditions 1.1.6 Explain the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, national context 1.1.7 Consider the need for ATC ILS status 2 No continuous monitoring by ATSEP indications SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Fundamentals of ILS 1.2.1 Explain how to obtain a change in 2 Addition of a carrier signal and a side band signal in depth of modulation of an amplitude- space modulated signal as a function of angular position 1.2.2 Characterise the signals to be 2 Amplitude and phase relationship, antenna systems radiated 1.2.3 Relate the adjustment of signals 4 Phases and amplitudes in antenna array, modulations generated to the resulting beam on carrier signal, phase and amplitude of side band patterns and standards 1.2.4 Describe the required performance of 2 Beam bend potential, coverage, impact on location of an antenna array critical and sensitive area SUB-TOPIC 1.3: 2F-Systems 1.3.1 Explain the limitations of a 1F system 2 Multipath in adverse environment and terrain 1.3.2 Describe the capture effect 2 Capture effect in receiver circuits

1.3.3 Describe radiation parameters for 2F- 2 Types of antenna arrays, patterns, coverage, signal LOC and 2F-GP distribution, radiated power

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Ground station architecture

1.4.1 Describe the layout of an ILS 2 —

1.4.2 Describe the main components of the 2 Electronic cabinet, antennas, power supply, remote LOC (1F and 2F), GP (1F and 2F), controls and monitoring, tower indication markers and field monitors

e.g. DME

1.4.3 Relate ILS station design to 4 Coverage, ID code, siting operational requirements

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Transmitter subsystem

1.5.1 Describe the main components of the 2 Electronic cabinet, antennas, power supply, remote LOC (1F and 2F), GP (1F and 2F), controls and monitoring, tower indication markers and field monitors

e.g. DME

1.5.2 Relate ILS station design to 4 Coverage, ID code, siting operational requirements

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Antenna subsystem

1.6.1 Explain ILS antenna characteristics: 2 Types, position, polarisation, patterns, coverage, LOC, GP and Marker Beacons antenna matching, distribution circuits, radiated power, ground reflection

SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Monitoring and control subsystem

1.7.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service

1.7.2 Describe the parameters for the 2 RF level, DDM, SDM on position and width monitoring according to ICAO Annex 10: LOC, GP and Marker Beacons

1.7.3 Explain the key additional required 2 External, internal and integral monitoring monitoring: LOC and GP

1.7.4 Explain the purpose, advantages and 2 e.g. content position, width, requirement for Cat III disadvantages of the FFM system operations (some States)

1.7.5 Draw a diagram of the monitoring 1 Near-field, integral network, internal network, system: LOC, GP, FFM and Marker monitor signal processor Beacons

e.g. DME

1.7.6 Explain the optional DME interface 2 Identity coding ratio

SUB-TOPIC 1.8: On-board equipment

1.8.1 Describe the on-board equipment 2 Antennas, receiver, pilot interface (cross pointer) associated with LOC, GP and Marker

e.g. FMS

Beacon

1.8.2 Describe how ILS information is used 2 e.g. approach procedures, landing, roll-out, manual, on board automatic mode (auto-pilot)

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.9: System check and maintenance

1.9.1 Appreciate the conformity of LOC, GP 3 ITU regulations (EMC + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 and marker beacons to international

e.g. European regulations

and national regulations

1.9.2 Justify the occasions when it is 4 e.g. system failures, environmental necessary to downgrade an ILS facility changes/disturbance performance category

1.9.3 Explain the implications of ILS facility 2 Link with prevailing Instrument RVR, weather performance categories to the pilot dictating decision height

1.9.4 Perform some typical measurements 3 Output power, spectrum analysis, modulation, ID code

1.9.5 Appreciate calibration tasks and flight 3 LOC, GP and marker beacons inspection results Flight inspection and ground calibration results, LOC Centreline measurement, width and centreline field measurements Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. RF interference monitoring maintenance and flight inspection manuals, procedures and reports

1.9.6 Appreciate troubleshooting of ILS 3 DDM and SDM misalignment, coverage pilot LOC, GP and marker beacons reported errors, field checks, monitor checks Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. lack of power, carrier frequency deviation,

harmonic ratio, depth of modulation maintenance and flight inspection manuals, procedures and reports

1.9.7 Appreciate the origin of ILS errors 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. Multipath, EMC, interference with radio broadcast transmissions (harmonics)

SUBJECT 3: GNSS

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view

1.1.1 Explain the importance and continuing 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, Navigation development of GNSS Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan

1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of interference 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, to GNSS signals solar activity

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP GNSS oversight in your State and how it is carried out 1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the

e.g. COMPASS

ARNS bands 1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring 1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems 1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer 1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation 2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic vertical sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in navigation systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream NAVIGATION — MICROWAVE LANDING SYSTEM (MLS)

SUBJECT 1: PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Operational requirements 1.1.1 Explain the main performance 2 Accuracy, precision, stability, integrity, availability, characteristics of a navigation system continuity of service, coverage, robustness

e.g. Time To First Fix

1.1.2 Explain the relationship between 2 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 performance measures and the phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Performance-based navigation 1.2.1 Describe the PBN concept 2 ICAO and EUROCONTROL documents, airspace concept, application supported by navigation infrastructure and navigation specifications, functionality of the avionics 1.2.2 Differentiate between an RNAV and 2 On-board performance monitoring and alerting an RNP navigation specification 1.2.3 State which navigation applications 1 PBN Manual ICAO Doc 9613 support the different phases of flight SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Area navigation concept (RNAV) 1.3.1 Differentiate between conventional 2 Fixed route vs flexible route structure navigation and area navigation SUB-TOPIC 1.4: NOTAM 1.4.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

2. SUBJECT 2: GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS — MLS

TOPIC 1: MLS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Describe approach and landing path 2 Azimuth station, elevation station, back azimuth station, approach DME, equipment layout, ICAO defined benchmarks 1.1.2 Describe the overall performances for 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, MLS integrity, continuity, category and level 1.1.3 Explain the technical limitations of 2 Sensitivity to weather conditions, complexity, MLS sensitively to multipath, criticality of signal at edge of coverage 1.1.4 Explain the advantages of MLS 2 Type of information, accuracy, small critical and sensitive areas, number of channels, complex approach paths, less prone to interference, reduced sensitivity to multipath, size of antennae array

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.5 Interpret MLS facility performance 5 Cat 1, 2, 3 categories Different operational category depending on operational minima, equipment and airport facilities 1.1.6 Define MLS critical and sensitive 1 Critical and sensitive area dimensions areas 1.1.7 Explain the importance and need for 2 MLS beam protection, increased significance during MLS critical and sensitive areas LVP conditions 1.1.8 Describe the current situation 2 Multi-mode receivers, ground and aircraft equipment

e.g. low equipage, users, number of manufacturers

1.1.9 Consider the need for ATC MLS status 2 No continuous monitoring by ATSEP indications SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Fundamentals of MLS 1.2.1 Explain the principle for generating a 2 Phase changes, phase relations scanning beam 1.2.2 Describe the relationship between 2 Beam width, side lobe level reduction beam pattern and accuracy 1.2.3 Explain why data transmission is 2 Station coordinates, ident, function synchronisation, necessary time reference 1.2.4 Describe the data transmission 2 ICAO specification structure SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground station architecture 1.3.1 Describe the layout of an MLS 2 — 1.3.2 Describe the main components of the 2 Electronic cabinet, antennas, power supply, remote azimuth, elevation, back azimuth and controls and monitoring, tower indication DME stations 1.3.3 Relate MLS station design to 4 Coverage, ID code, siting operational requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Transmitter subsystem 1.4.1 Characterise main signal parameters 2 Carrier frequency, output power, signals generated for azimuth, elevation and back azimuth station 1.4.2 Explain the main components of the 2 Azimuth, elevation, back azimuth station synthesiser, transmitters modulator, power amplifier, control coupler, RF changeover SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Antenna subsystem 1.5.1 Explain MLS antenna characteristics: 2 Types, location, polarisation, pattern, coverage, azimuth, elevation and back azimuth distribution circuits, radiated power stations

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Monitoring and control subsystem 1.6.1 Describe the purpose of monitoring 2 Integrity, continuity of service 1.6.2 Describe the parameters for the 2 RF level, beam width, scan speed monitoring according to ICAO Annex 10: azimuth, elevation and back azimuth stations 1.6.3 Explain how the parameters are 2 External and internal monitoring monitored: azimuth, elevation and back azimuth station 1.6.4 Explain the FFM system 2 Requirements for CAT 3 operations

1.6.5 Draw a diagram of the monitoring 1 — system SUB-TOPIC 1.7: On-board equipment 1.7.1 Describe the on-board equipment 2 Antennas, receiver, pilot interface, HMI

e.g. FMS

1.7.2 Describe how the MLS information is 2 Approach procedures, ILS-like display used on board SUB-TOPIC 1.8: System check and maintenance 1.8.1 Appreciate the conformity to 3 ITU regulations (EMC + SAR), ICAO Annex 10 international and national regulations

e.g. European regulations

1.8.2 Justify the occasions when it is 4 — necessary to downgrade an MLS facility performance category 1.8.3 Explain the implications of MLS facility 2 Link with prevailing instrument RVR, weather performance categories to the pilot dictating decision height 1.8.4 Consider the need for ATSEP MLS 2 Control, status, performance monitoring including remote maintenance and monitoring alarm logging systems

1.8.5 Perform the typical system 3 Output power, spectrum analysis, data link measurements modulation, ID code, Ground field checks 1.8.6 Appreciate calibration tasks and flight 3 Azimuth, back azimuth, azimuth centreline inspection results measurement, width and centreline measurements, elevation Flight inspection and ground calibration results Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. maintenance manuals, procedures and reports

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.8.7 Appreciate troubleshooting of an MLS 3 Lack of power, carrier frequency deviation, harmonic ratio, beam pattern Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. maintenance and flight inspection manuals,

procedures and reports

1.8.8 Appreciate the origin of MLS errors 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. Multipath, EMC, weather influence

SUBJECT 3: GNSS

TOPIC 1: GNSS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General view

1.1.1 Explain the importance and continuing 2 FANS CNS/ATM concept, ICAO Doc 9849, Navigation development of GNSS Application & NAVAID Infrastructure Strategy for the ECAC Area up to 2020, EUROCONTROL GNSS Policy, SESAR ATM Master Plan

1.1.2 Describe the elements of GNSS within 2 Core constellations, ABAS, SBAS (EGNOS) Europe

e.g. GBAS, SCAT 1, APV, ICAO Annex 10

1.1.3 Appreciate the sources of interference 3 Intentional, unintentional, ionospheric interference, to GNSS signals solar activity

1.1.4 Explain who has responsibility for 2 e.g. EASA, GSA, NSA, ANSP GNSS oversight in your State and how it is carried out

1.1.5 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Introduction of L5, E5A, E5B modernisation of GNSS on the

e.g. COMPASS

ARNS bands

1.1.6 Explain the need for a minimum 2 e.g. AUGUR number of visible satellites needed to provide integrity monitoring

1.1.7 Describe the purpose of the GNSS 2 ICAO Annex 10, Vol. 1 NOTAM

SUBJECT 4: ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: ON-BOARD SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: On-board systems

1.1.1 Explain the purpose and use of a 2 Sensors, navigation database navigation computer

1.1.2 Explain the purpose and use of an 2 Sensors, navigation database, path steering, displays FMS

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Inertial navigation 2.1.1 Describe the principles and key 2 Gyros, accelerometer, accuracy, drift, updating features of INS/IRS navigation

TOPIC 3: VERTICAL NAVIGATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Vertical navigation 3.1.1 Describe the different types of vertical 2 Barometric, radio altimetry, geodetic sensors and their limitations e.g. air data computers, manual intervention,

dynamic information (AGL), undulation (WGS84)

SUBJECT 5: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in navigation systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe in terms of exposure time, 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, environment, effect on controller and spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, effect on pilot, the types of functional missing or incorrect input or output failures Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SURVEILLANCE — PRIMARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR

SUBJECT 1: PRIMARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR

TOPIC 1: ATC SURVEILLANCE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of PSR for Air Traffic Services

1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, resolution, coverage, availability requirements of an en-route or an approach PSR

1.1.2 Relate key parameters of PSR to 4 Key parameters: PRF, signal energy, frequency system performance diversity, antenna gain, update rate, polarisation, receiver MDS, beamwidth Performance: range, accuracy, resolution, extractor minimum target threshold, weather influence, PD, blind speed, ambiguities, capacity

e.g. weather channel

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Antenna (PSR)

1.2.1 Describe antenna types, accuracy and 2 Antenna beam(s), side lobes, reflector antenna, active problems (phased array) antenna, rotating joints, waveguide interface, pressurisation, dehumidification, polarisation, azimuth encoding, drive systems

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Transmitters

1.3.1 Describe the basic characteristics of a 2 Supply, EHT, RF source (appropriate to type chosen), transmitter modulation, interlocks

1.3.2 Describe the signals at all key points 2 Supply, EHT, RF source (appropriate to type chosen), modulation, interlocks

1.3.3 Describe a generic transmitter block 2 e.g. solid state, klystron, magnetron, travelling wave diagram for both compressed and tube non-compressed system

1.3.4 State possible failures and where 1 e.g. solid state modules, arcing, corona discharge, they can occur in the transmitter component stress, control loops, isolation system

1.3.5 State constraints and problems on 1 e.g. corona discharge, dielectric stress, isolation, the high voltage circuitry arcing, ageing, interlocks, stability (including control

loop)

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Characteristics of primary targets

1.4.1 Appreciate the characteristics of 3 Backscatter, radar cross section (such as reflectivity, targets detected by PSR stealth technologies, aspect), Doppler shift, ground speed, wind turbines

e.g. Swerling Case

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Receivers

1.5.1 Describe the basic characteristics of a 2 Low noise, high dynamic range, bandwidth, detection, receiver frequency, sensitivity, selectivity

1.5.2 Describe the basic elements of a 2 LNA, local oscillator, coherent oscillator, downgeneric receiver converter, filtering, rejection, IF, PSD, AGC, STC, beam switching

1.5.3 Appreciate the importance of STC 3 Saturation, RF-IF dynamic range

SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Signal processing and plot extraction

1.6.1 Describe the basic function of data 2 Plot extraction (range bin reports, range correlation, processing azimuth correlation), target reports, sliding window, weighted centre, local tracking

1.6.2 Appreciate the basic functions of a 3 A/D conversion, I/Q matching, target detection, current radar signal processor detection criteria (fixed, adaptive), MTD and clutter maps

1.6.3 Describe the processing techniques to 2 Tracking, environment mapping, adaptive feedback to improve the quality of target reports extraction parameters using scan-to-scan information

SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Plot combining

1.7.1 Describe the basic function of plot 2 Secondary/primary combining, secondary/primary combining assigning, prime target, range and azimuth collimation

1.7.2 Describe the basic functions of a 2 Scan-to-scan correlation, angel filtering, vehicle current radar plot combiner filtering, output format

SUB-TOPIC 1.8: Characteristics of primary radar

1.8.1 Explain the basic principles of 2 Frequency and phase, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetism, propagation, signal spectrum and bandwidth, noise, HPA, waveguide detection, RF power generation and problems distribution

TOPIC 2: SURFACE MOVEMENT RADAR

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Use of SMR for Air Traffic Services

2.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, resolution, coverage, MTBF, availability requirements of SMR

2.1.2 Relate key parameters and necessity 4 Specific equations for ranging and power budget, PRF, to achieve performances frequency with respect to range and accuracy, PD, frequency diversity, range with respect to TX power, antenna gain, receiver MDS, update rate, beamwidth, extractor minimum target threshold, polarisation, influence to meteorology

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Radar sensor 2.2.1 Explain the layout of the SMR 2 Dual system, service display 2.2.2 Describe the basic functions of the 2 Hardware/function overview receiver/transmitter unit 2.2.3 Describe how to operate a sensor 2 e.g. block diagram, timing relations, video path,

frequency diversity, polarisation, controller structure

2.2.4 Describe the basic functions of the 2 e.g. hardware function overview, control/switch unit, antenna unit external interface, azimuth encoding, monopulse

techniques

TOPIC 3: TEST AND MEASUREMENT

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Test and measurement 3.1.1 Appreciate how measurements can 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this be made on PSR and SMR objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. spectrum analyser, vector voltmeter, oscilloscope,

SWR meter, sensor analysis tools

SUBJECT 2: HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI)

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types SUB-TOPIC 1.2: ATSEP HMI 1.2.1 Describe the user interface scope and 2 System management displays characteristics both ergonomics as seen by different users control and monitoring and at different locations 1.2.2 Describe the analytical and status 2 Radar video, front panel and CMS data, HMI on each data available to the users subsystem SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Pilot HMI 1.3.1 Describe the transponder interface 2 Mode A, change procedure, SPI, Mode C, deselection, hijack 1.3.2 Be aware of the ACAS/TCAS display 0 Characteristics, accuracy, alerts, ADS B, CDTI and future potential developments 1.3.3 Be aware of the EGPWS display and 0 — of future potential developments

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Displays 1.4.1 Describe the display types available 2 Raster/rotating, raw/synthetic, monochrome/colour, and their advantages and CRT/LCD, performances (cost, availability, disadvantages maintainability, ergonomics)

SUBJECT 3: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, Surveillance Data Networks formats and protocols

e.g. RADNET, messages CAT 1+

1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor

e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of

environment

service, RADNET

1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Verification methods 1.2.1 Identify the causes of a fault, based on 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this test tool measurements objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. data analyser, line analyser

SUBJECT 4: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to the management routines and in surveillance systems, safety reports and occurrences, reporting processes safety monitoring

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failures in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output on controller and effect on pilot Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

TOPIC 1: SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Surveillance data processing systems 1.1.1 Identify all functions of an SDP system 3 Plot processing, tracking, single-sensor and multisensor tracker

e.g. radar, ADS, MLAT, estimating limits and accuracy of multisensor tracker, recording e.g. ARTAS tracker

1.1.2 Describe all major components of an 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture SDP 1.1.3 Differentiate SDP features in the ATS 2 Area control centres units Approach control units Aerodrome control towers 1.1.4 Appreciate how to operate the system 3 e.g. configuration, adjust parameters, start up and

shut down, monitoring

1.1.5 Explain the principles of 2 — emergency switching

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SURVEILLANCE — SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR

SUBJECT 1: SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR (SSR)

TOPIC 1: SSR AND MONO-PULSE SSR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of SSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, coverage, resolution, performance, update requirements of an en-route or an rate approach SSR ICAO Doc 9684 1.1.2 Relate key parameters of SSR to 4 Key parameters: rotation rate, PRF, interlaced modes, system performance capacity, frequencies, power budget (uplink, downlink), monopulse techniques Consequences: FRUIT, garbling, side lobes reception and transmission, transponder availability, PD, 2nd recurrence replies SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Antenna (SSR) 1.2.1 Describe the principles of SSR/MSSR 2 Monopulse antenna techniques, coaxial connection, antenna sum, difference and control pattern, error angle measurement, azimuth encoding, beam sharpening, side lobes SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Interrogator 1.3.1 Describe the characteristics of an 2 Frequency, spectrum, interrogation modes, duty interrogator cycle, ISLS, IISLS, staggering 1.3.2 Explain a generic interrogator 2 Timing, interface, modulator, BITE 1.3.3 Explain the need for integrity 2 Safeguards against erroneous transmission, BITE monitoring SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Transponder 1.4.1 Explain the operational use of the 2 Diagram of interaction between transponder and transponder aeroplane 1.4.2 Define the global performances 1 Range, accuracy, fixed delay to respond 1.4.3 Describe the basic characteristics of a 2 Transceiver, aerial location, switching and polar transponder diagram, size ACAS Mode S and ADS compatibility, maximum reply rate, ISLS compatibility 1.4.4 Explain the advantages of the 2 Longer range, more information transponder 1.4.5 Explain the limitations of the 2 Hundreds of feet precision, 3A limited codes transponder 1.4.6 Describe the conformity to 2 Equipage obligations, ICAO Annex 10 regulations 1.4.7 Describe the data format of the 2 P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 signals and DPSK modulation received transponder messages (P6)

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.4.8 Describe the data format of the 2 Field lengths, data bits, Gray code, unused bits, Mode transmitted transponder messages S reply (preamble and data) 1.4.9 Describe the basic characteristics of a 2 Timing, modulation, pulse width, power output transmitter 1.4.10 Describe the use of the transponder 2 — as a field monitor SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Receivers 1.5.1 Describe the basic characteristics of 2 Standard/MSSR receiver, sensibility, bandwidth, an SSR receiver dynamic range, GTC (normal, sectorised), monopulse processor, RSLS, multi-path and interferences SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Signal processing and plot extraction 1.6.1 Describe monopulse extraction 2 Phase and amplitude modulation, off boresight angle calculation, azimuth encoding 1.6.2 Describe sliding window SSR 2 Leading edge, trailing edge, azimuth accuracy, azimuth encoding extraction 1.6.3 Describe the signal processing 2 Video digitiser, pulse processor, reply decoder (bracket pair detector), synchronous reply correlator 1.6.4 Decode a transponder message 3 Standard message with SPI set

e.g. Mode S

1.6.5 Describe the SSR processing 2 Discrete code correlation, general association, zones, techniques categories, code swapping, general correlation Mode A code data, Mode C data, target position report 1.6.6 Explain the reasons for surveillance 2 False target identification and elimination, data processing and the key options validation, data correction, reflection identification and processing, enhanced resolution performance SUB-TOPIC 1.7: Plot combining 1.7.1 Describe the basic function of plot 2 Secondary/primary combining, secondary/primary combining assigning, prime target, range and azimuth collimation 1.7.2 Describe the basic functions of a 2 _ current radar plot combiner SUB-TOPIC 1.8: Test and measurement 1.8.1 Appreciate how measurements can 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this be made on SSR objective should be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. spectrum analyser, vector voltmeter,

oscilloscope, SWR meter, sensor analysis tools

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: MODE S

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to Mode S 2.1.1 Explain the need for and benefits of 2 Classical SSR limitations, resolution, accuracy, Mode S integrity, enhanced data (e.g. 25 ft resolution, aircraft ID, BDS information) 2.1.2 Explain the working principles of 2 Mode S interrogation, Mode S reply, Mode S uplink Mode S and downlink capability, Mode S formats/protocols, ELS, EHS 2.1.3 Explain the complementary use of 2 Mode interlace pattern, operational use of all-call, Mode S and conventional SSR roll-call 2.1.4 Explain Mode S implementation 2 Elementary and enhanced surveillance, II and SI codes, use of BDS SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Mode S system 2.2.1 Describe the theory of operation of 2 Performance of the system, theory of operation of Mode S hardware and software the system, interfaces to customer equipment 2.2.2 Describe testing possibilities for 2 e.g. SASS-C, SASS-S Mode S

TOPIC 3: MULTILATERATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: MLAT in use 3.1.1 Explain how pilot and controller 2 Mode A assigned at gate, coverage of MLAT operations are impacted by the use of an MLAT system 3.1.2 Describe the ground mode of 2 Aircraft interrogations, squitters, change of transponders transponder mode SUB-TOPIC 3.2: MLAT principles 3.2.1 Explain the MLAT system 2 Standards, transmitters and receivers, data architecture processing/fusion, redundancy, performance, costs, timing solutions, etc. 3.2.2 Appreciate the principles of MLAT 3 Triangulation, coverage, position calculation system

e.g. SCAS

3.2.3 Describe how to operate the system 2 Tracking, map creation and blanking 3.2.4 Describe testing possibilities for 2 e.g. SASS-C MLAT

TOPIC 4: SSR ENVIRONMENT

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: SSR Environment 4.1.1 Explain the operational use of ACAS 2 Traffic Advisories, Resolution Advisories, pilot and implications for pilots and responses and controller information controllers 4.1.2 Describe the users of the 1 030 MHz 2 Modes 1, 3, A, C and S, military, Mode S uplink and 1 090 MHz channels downlink capability, ACAS (TCAS), acquisition and extended squitter, PRF-FRUIT ratios, DME and other

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R interferences

SUBJECT 2: HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI)

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types SUB-TOPIC 1.2: ATSEP HMI 1.2.1 Describe the user interface scope 2 System management displays characteristics, both and ergonomics as seen by different control and monitoring users and at different locations 1.2.2 Describe the analytical and status 2 Radar video, front panel and CMS data, HMI on each data available to the users subsystem SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Pilot HMI 1.3.1 Describe the transponder interface 2 Mode A, change procedure, SPI, Mode C, deselection, hijack 1.3.2 Be aware of the ACAS/TCAS display 0 Characteristics, accuracy, alerts, ADS B, CDTI and future potential developments 1.3.3 Be aware of the EGPWS display and 0 — of future potential developments SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Displays 1.4.1 Describe the display types available 2 Raster/rotating, raw/synthetic, monochrome/colour, and their advantages and CRT/LCD, performances (cost, availability, disadvantages maintainability, ergonomics)

SUBJECT 3: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, Surveillance Data Networks formats and protocols

e.g. RADNET, messages CAT 1+

1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor

e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of

environment

service, RADNET

1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Verification methods 1.2.1 Identify the causes of a fault, based on 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this test tool measurements objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. data analyser, line analyser

SUBJECT 4: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to the management routines and in surveillance systems, safety reports and occurrences, reporting processes safety monitoring

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failures in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output on controller and effect on pilot Ref.: Safety policy and implementation,

SUBJECT 5: DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

TOPIC 2: SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Surveillance data processing systems 1.1.1 Identify all functions of an SDP system 3 Plot processing, tracking, single-sensor and multisensor tracker (e.g. radar, ADS, MLAT), estimating limits and accuracy of multisensor tracker, recording e.g. ARTAS tracker 1.1.2 Describe all major components of an 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture SDP 1.1.3 Differentiate SDP features in the 2 Area control centres ATS units Approach control units Aerodrome control towers 1.1.4 Appreciate how to operate the 3 e.g. configuration, adjust parameters, start up and system shut down, monitoring 1.1.5 Explain the principles of emergency 2 — switching

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SURVEILLANCE — AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE

SUBJECT 1: AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE (ADS)

TOPIC 1: GENERAL VIEW ON ADS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Definition of ADS 1.1.1 Describe the basic characteristics of a 2 Performance, integrity, latency, QoS, implementation ADS options (e.g. ATN/FANS) 1.1.2 List the types of navigation sensors 1 GNSS, INS, radio NAVAIDs, navigation solutions from FMS, FoM 1.1.3 State the latest developments, 1 e.g. current and recent test and trials, ICAO status, implementation plans and projects EUROCONTROL, FAA and other authorities positions,

airline and equipment manufacturer positions, ATC procedures, time scales

TOPIC 2: ADS-B

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to ADS-B 2.1.1 Explain the basic principles of ADS-B 2 Autonomous operation, navigation solutions, link options, aircraft situation awareness 2.1.2 Identify the major elements of ADS-B 3 e.g. ADS-B global chain (from the aircraft to the controller HMI), GNSS, FMS, encoding, scheduling,

link

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Techniques of ADS-B 2.2.1 Explain the characteristics of the data 2 VDL Mode 4, Mode S extended squitter, UAT links used in ADS B 2.2.2 Describe the major ADS-B 2 e.g. ADS-B-NRA, ADS-B-RAD, ASAS applications SUB-TOPIC 2.3: VDL Mode 4 (STDMA) 2.3.1 Describe the use of VDL Mode 4 2 High-level description SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Mode S extended squitter 2.4.1 Describe the use of the Mode S 2 High-level description extended squitter 2.4.2 Explain the principles related to 2 Modulation scheme, signal structure, key data and signals in space frequency 2.4.3 Explain the principles related to 2 Consequences on the RF environment (1 090 MHz) random access technology 2.4.4 Explain the relevant messages 2 Information in each field, information encoding and decoding 2.4.5 Recognise the structure of a Mode S 1 Signal timing and sequencing, data encoding extended squitter signal

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

2.4.6 Explain the interface between the 2 — BDS and the extended squitter message SUB-TOPIC 2.5: UAT 2.5.1 State the use of the UAT 1 High-level description SUB-TOPIC 2.6: ASTERIX 2.6.1 Decode and analyse a signal coded 3 Reference to ASTERIX standard according to the ASTERIX category 21 Decode position, call sign, Mode S address, etc. standard

TOPIC 3: ADS-C

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Introduction to ADS-C 3.1.1 Explain the basic principles of ADS-C 2 Contract, multi-contract, time, event triggering 3.1.2 Identify the major elements of the 3 ADS-C global chain (from the aircraft to the controller ADS-C system HMI), GNSS, processor, link, ground station SUB-TOPIC 3.2: Techniques in ADS-C 3.2.1 Explain the characteristics of the 2 e.g. subnetworks (VDLs, AMSS, HFDL) data links used in ADS-C

SUBJECT 2: HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE (HMI)

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC: 1.1 ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types SUB-TOPIC 1.2: ATSEP HMI 1.2.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.2.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Pilot HMI 1.3.1 Describe the transponder interface 2 Mode A, change procedure, SPI, Mode C, deselection, hijack 1.3.2 Be aware of the ACAS/TCAS display 0 Characteristics, accuracy, alerts, ADS B, CDTI and future potential developments 1.3.3 Be aware of the EGPWS display and 0 — of future potential developments

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Displays 1.4.1 Describe the display types available 2 Raster/rotating, raw/synthetic, monochrome/colour, and their advantages and CRT/LCD, performances (cost, availability, disadvantages maintainability, ergonomics)

SUBJECT 3: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, surveillance data networks formats and protocols

e.g. RADNET, messages CAT 1+

1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor

e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of

environment

service, RADNET

1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Verification methods 1.2.1 Identify the causes of a fault, based 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this on test tool measurements objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. data analyser, line analyser

SUBJECT 4: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1 SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Safety attitude 1.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to management routines and in surveillance systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

TOPIC 2: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Functional safety 2.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failures in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output on controller and effect on pilot Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

TOPIC 2: SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Surveillance data processing systems 1.1.1 Identify all functions of an SDP system 3 Plot processing, tracking, single-sensor and multisensor tracker (e.g. radar, ADS, MLAT), estimating limits and accuracy of multisensor tracker, recording

e.g. ARTAS tracker

1.1.2 Describe all major components of an 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture SDP 1.1.3 Differentiate SDP features in the 2 Area Control Centres ATS units Approach Control Units Aerodrome Control Towers 1.1.4 Appreciate how to operate the 3 e.g. configuration, adjust parameters, start up and system shut down, monitoring 1.1.5 Explain the principles of emergency 2 — switching

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream DATA — DATA PROCESSING

SUBJECT 1: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

TOPIC 1: FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Functional safety

1.1.1 Describe the implications of 2 Total or partial, premature or delayed operation, functional failure in terms of spurious, intermittent, loss or corruption of data, exposure time, environment, effect missing or incorrect input or output on controller and effect on pilot Ref.: Safety policy and implementation

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Software integrity and security

1.2.1 Appreciate how a system can be 3 Input verification, secure sources defended against potential hostile

e.g. leased lines, private networks, eligibility

intent via the data processing systems

1.2.2 Explain how the normal output of a 2 e.g. terrorists using radar data to coordinate an attack system could be used by nonauthorised persons with hostile intent

1.2.3 Estimate the impact of security and 3 e.g. system crashes due to incorrect input data, main integrity failure to the operational and standby and fallback systems all have same input, service possible loss in total of system, results in capacity

reductions and safety consequences

1.2.4 Appreciate error detection and 3 Identification, consequence, scope, reporting, fault handling in data, hardware and tolerance, soft fail, failsafe, monitoring, fallback process

TOPIC 2: SAFETY ATTITUDE

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Safety attitude

2.1.1 State the role of ATSEP in safety 1 Safety assessment documentation related to data management routines and in processing systems, safety monitoring reporting processes

SUBJECT 2: DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS

TOPIC 1: USER REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Controller requirements

1.1.1 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an area control centre

e.g. separation, flight progress monitoring and coordination, trajectory prediction, coordination with adjacent centres

1.1.2 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an approach control unit

e.g. vectoring, sequencing, AMAN, CDM

1.1.3 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an aerodrome control

e.g. runway management, DMAN

tower

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Trajectories, prediction and calculation

1.2.1 State different types of trajectories 1 e.g. FPL-based, surveillance data-based, FMS-based

1.2.2 Explain the main processes for 2 SDP trajectory, FPL trajectory, merged trajectory, trajectory prediction predicted trajectory

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground safety nets

1.3.1 Describe the function of safety nets 2 STCA, APW, MSAW, ASMGCS-based safety nets and their legal status

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Decision support

1.4.1 Explain the major steps in the air 2 ATFCM with strategic, pre-tactical and tactical, ATC traffic planning process sector planning, tactical control

1.4.2 Explain the principles of trajectory 2 Route adherence monitoring prediction, conformance monitoring

e.g. CORA, MTCD, CLAM, Level adherence

and medium term conflict detection

monitoring

processes

1.4.3 Explain the benefit of these tools for 2 — safety and efficiency

TOPIC 2: SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Processing systems

2.1.1 Describe all major components of a 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture, data processing system supervision

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Flight data processing systems

2.2.1 Identify all functions of an FDP 3 FDPS reference model, message handling, initial flight system data handling, relationship with other functions, airground data link processing, trajectory prediction, flight data management and distribution, SSR Mode A code assignment and management, correlation, coordination and transfer

2.2.2 Describe all major components of an 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture FDP e.g. HMI, ATC tools, support tools (technical supervision, QoS monitors and logging)

2.2.3 Differentiate FDP features in the ATS 2 Area control centres units Approach control units Aerodrome control towers

2.2.4 Appreciate how to operate the 3 e.g. configuration, adjust parameters, start up and system shut down, monitoring

2.2.5 Explain the principles of emergency 2 — switching

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Surveillance data processing systems 2.3.1 Identify all functions of an SDP system 3 Plot processing, tracking, single sensor and multisensor tracker (e.g. radar, ADS, MLAT), estimating limits and accuracy of multisensor tracker, recording

e.g. ARTAS tracker

2.3.2 Describe all major components of an 2 Functional architecture, technical architecture SDP 2.3.3 Differentiate SDP features in the ATS 2 Area control centres units Approach control units Aerodrome control towers 2.3.4 Appreciate how to operate the 3 e.g. configuration, adjust parameters, start up and system shut down, monitoring 2.3.5 Explain the principles of emergency 2 — switching

SUBJECT 3: DATA PROCESS

TOPIC 1: SOFTWARE PROCESS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Middleware 1.1.1 Define middleware 1 Additional specialised functional built on the OS 1.1.2 List the middleware used on the 1 e.g. CORBA, UBSS, OTM, EJB national major systems 1.1.3 Demonstrate the use of a middleware 2 Duel processing system in an ATM environment SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Operating systems 1.2.1 Describe the major aspects of a 2 e.g. design, start-up, configuration, back-up and relevant operating system restore 1.2.2 Perform relevant operating system 3 — commands 1.2.3 Characterise typical consequences of 2 Some possible implications on HW (performance, an OS upgrade memory), middleware (compatibility) and SW components 1.2.4 Explain downward compatibility 2 Checks on embedded SW modules ability to run under new OS version 1.2.5 Take account of hardware/software 2 Examples of HW requirements of specific compatibility SW implementations 1.2.6 Describe interactions between 2 Examples of OS calls by the application software if no application and OS middleware is in use 1.2.7 Describe the life cycle management 2 e.g. versions, releases, patches, migration of an operating system

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Configuration control

1.3.1 Describe the principles of 2 Clear identification of all versions, proof of testing and configuration control ‘build state’, tool and mechanisms to aid control, authorisation, audit trail, appropriate quality standard requirements of the administration

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Software development process

1.4.1 State the main software development 1 SWALs processes

e.g. life cycle, waterfall model, RUP

1.4.2 List the main steps of two of the main 1 — software development processes

1.4.3 Explain the main differences between 2 e.g. advantages/disadvantages two software development processes

TOPIC 2: HARDWARE PLATFORM

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Equipment upgrade

2.1.1 Explain the key factors that have to 2 Specification, compatibility, ‘proven’ or ‘state-of-thebe considered when data processing art’ technology, maintenance and operating equipment is upgraded or changed consequence (e.g. personnel, training, spares, procedures), environmental requirements (e.g. size, power requirements, temperature, interfaces), testing

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: COTS

2.2.1 Explain the advantages and 2 Cost, multiplicity of suppliers, quality, maintainability, disadvantages of commercial life cycle, liability off-the-shelf equipment

SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Interdependence

2.3.1 Describe the technical issues 2 Interface requirements, common point of failure, data regarding the interdependence of conditioning, response time various equipment and systems

SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Maintainability

2.4.1 Identify the issues that will affect the 3 Commercial product life, commercial support maintainability of hardware for the commitments, company volatility, spares provision, planned life of a system shelf life and logistics

TOPIC 3: TESTING

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Testing

3.1.1 Appreciate the techniques available 3 e.g. code walkthrough, modelling, simulation real time for system and performance and fast time, black box testing, formal methods, use requirements testing of independent test personnel, data corruption

simulation, hardware failure simulation

3.1.2 Appreciate the techniques available 3 e.g. system integration testing, load testing, for system testing and integration regression testing

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 4: — DATA

TOPIC 1: DATA ESSENTIALS FEATURES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Data significance 1.1.1 Explain the significance of data 2 Criticality (critical/non critical), legality (ICAO, CAA, organisation), use (advisory, control) SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Data configuration control 1.2.1 Explain the control procedures for 2 Designated roles/persons for authorising changes changes to operational data and verifying/checking changes SUB-TOPIC 1.3 Data Standards 1.3.1 Name the authority responsible for 1 e.g. EUROCONTROL, ICAO, ISO standards 1.3.2 State the standards related to ATM 1 e.g. ASTERIX, WGS84, OLDI, FMTP, AMHS, ADEX-P, data, their sources and their status FPL 1.3.3 Decode a typical OLDI message 3 e.g. ACT, PAC 1.3.4 State the nature of ATM processing 1 Data volatility (e.g. radar), system integrity, requirements consequence of failure

TOPIC 2: ATM DATA DETAILED STRUCTURE

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: System area 2.1.1 Describe how a system area is 2 e.g. size, system centre (reference point) defined 2.1.2 Describe the data related to the 2 e.g. radar data, flight plan data, maps, coordinates system area SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Characteristic points 2.2.1 State types of characteristic points 1 Geographic, routing, sector used in an ATM system and their e.g. Geographic: airports and runways, ILS, radar, structure

limit points Routing and sectors: coded routes, SID allocation parameters, area navigation waypoints, adjacent FIRs, holding, sectors

2.2.2 Explain the importance of 2 — characteristic points in the correct presentation of data 2.2.3 Describe the process by which 2 — amended adaptation files are introduced

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Aircraft performances 2.3.1 List the performance data used in 1 Example of data from in-house system FDPS 2.3.2 Describe the structure of aircraft 2 — performance data 2.3.3 Define speeds, rates and levels 1 — 2.3.4 Explain the consequences of the use 2 — of the wrong type of aircraft SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Screen manager 2.4.1 Describe how the screen manager is 2 — used to set up the ATC HMI SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Auto-coordination messages 2.5.1 Describe the meaning of 2 Coordination parameters, conditions groups, OLDI coordination messages in the control conditions groups, characteristics of remote centres process 2.5.2 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Civil and military remote centres relevant to OLDI SUB-TOPIC 2.6: Configuration control data 2.6.1 Explain the structure of the 2 Sector CSU link, sectorisation plan, control configuration data parameters SUB-TOPIC 2.7: Physical configuration data 2.7.1 Explain the structure of the physical 2 External configuration, device configuration configuration data SUB-TOPIC 2.8: Relevant meteorology data 2.8.1 Explain the organisation of the data 2 Meteorology, QNH TL areas, CB activity related to meteorology SUB-TOPIC 2.9: Alert and error messages to ATSEP 2.9.1 Explain the importance of alert and 2 — error messages 2.9.2 Describe different categories of two 2 — alert and error messages SUB-TOPIC 2.10 Alert and error messages to ATCO 2.10.1 Describe the structure of the data 2 MSAW, conflict alert parameters used in these types of message 2.10.2 Explain alerts and error messages, 2 e.g. MSAW, conflict alert, MTCD and their importance from an ATCO point of view

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION DATA

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC: 1.1 Types 1.1.1 State the evolution of network 1 LAN, WAN topologies e.g. architectures, size of the segments, length of the systems, quality of service 1.1.2 Explain how networks meet 2 Redundancy, bandwidth, BER, time delay, network requirements security SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Networks 1.2.1 Analyse the features of a network 4 Routing scheme, rate, internal networking, routers, bridges, gateways, modems, switches, firewalls

e.g. wireless networks

1.2.2 Describe network standards and 2 Ethernet, fibre optic, wireless devices 1.2.3 Appreciate the replacement of 3 Continuity of service, network integrity components in a network in a safe Additional: for achievement of competence, this way objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training SUB-TOPIC 1.3: External network services 1.3.1 Define aspects of external network 1 Provided QoS services

e.g. SLAs

SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Measuring tools 1.4.1 Operate the usual set of network 3 Data analyser (sniffer) measuring or monitoring tools to find

e.g. net scout

the values of the main parameters 1.4.2 Perform analysis to support fault- 3 Data analyser (sniffer) finding for correction

e.g. net scout

SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Troubleshooting 1.5.1 Appreciate how to troubleshoot a 3 Additional: for achievement of competence, this network objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training e.g. broken lines, unusable network components,

overload, integrity problems

TOPIC 2: PROTOCOLS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Fundamental theory 2.1.1 Apply the principles of layers 3 Differences between layers

e.g. layer(s) of sniffer information

2.1.2 Apply the principles of the addressing 3 Masks, subnets strategy IP addressing, MAC addressing e.g. same logical network computers and systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 2.1.3 Apply the principles of the routing 3 Routing tables, priorities, fault tolerance, strategy management of routing strategy, static and dynamic routing

e.g. unicast, multicast, broadcast

SUB-TOPIC 2.2: General protocols 2.2.1 Describe the general protocols 2 TCP/IP (segments, packets, addressing)

e.g. X25, LAPB, pdH, sdH

2.2.2 Analyse the general protocols using 4 TCP/IP the appropriate tools and

e.g. X25, LAPB

documentation SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Specific protocols 2.3.1 Describe the specific protocols 2 e.g. BATAP — ARINC 620, FMTP

TOPIC 3: NATIONAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: National networks 3.1.1 Name the national networks to which 1 e.g. ANSP, MET, military, PTT, airlines, national the organisation is connected network(s) 3.1.2 Describe the interfaces between 2 — national and global networks

SUBJECT 6: SURVEILLANCE PRIMARY

TOPIC 1: ATC SURVEILLANCE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of PSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, resolution, coverage, availability requirements of an en-route or an approach PSR

SUBJECT 7: SURVEILLANCE SECONDARY

TOPIC 1: SSR AND MSSR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of SSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, coverage, resolution, performance, update requirements of an en-route or an rate approach SSR ICAO Doc 9684 1.1.2 Relate key parameters of SSR to 4 Key parameters: rotation rate, PRF, interlaced system performance modes, capacity, frequencies, power budget (uplink, downlink), monopulse techniques Consequences: FRUIT, garbling, side lobes reception and transmission, transponder availability, PD, 2nd recurrence replies

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: MODE S

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to Mode S 2.1.1 Explain the need for and benefits of 2 Classical SSR limitations, resolution, accuracy, Mode S integrity, enhanced data (e.g. 25 ft resolution, aircraft ID, BDS information) 2.1.2 Explain the working principles of 2 Mode S interrogation, Mode S reply, Mode S uplink Mode S and downlink capability, Mode S formats/protocols, ELS, EHS 2.1.3 Explain the complementary use of 2 Mode interlace pattern, operational use of all-call, Mode S and conventional SSR roll-call 2.1.4 Explain Mode S implementation 2 Elementary and enhanced surveillance, II and SI codes, use of BDS

TOPIC 3: MULTILATERATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: MLAT principles 3.1.1 Explain the MLAT system 2 Standards, transmitters and receivers, data architecture processing/fusion, redundancy, performance, costs, timing solutions, etc. 3.1.2 Appreciate the principles of MLAT 3 Triangulation, coverage, position calculation system e.g. SCAS 3.1.3 Describe how to operate the system 2 Tracking, map creation and blanking 3.1.4 Describe testing possibilities for 2 e.g. SASS-C MLAT

SUBJECT 8: SURVEILLANCE — HMI

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types

SUBJECT 9: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, surveillance data networks (e.g. formats and protocols RADNET), messages CAT 1+ 1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of environment service, RADNET

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL — COMMUNICATION

SUBJECT 1: SMC — ANS STRUCTURE

TOPIC 1: ANSP ORGANISATION AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ANSP organisation and operation 1.1.1 Describe the SMC function within the 2 What the SMC does, interfaces with other functions, organisation similarities and major differences between SMC function at different sites 1.1.2 Describe the structure, roles and 2 — responsibilities of the SMC team and any direct interfaces 1.1.3 Explain the duties of the ATC 2 — supervisor

TOPIC 2: ANSP MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Policy 2.1.1 Describe, in general terms, the ANSP 2 — maintenance policy 2.1.2 Describe the aspects of the 2 — maintenance policy that apply specifically to SMC

TOPIC 3: ATM CONTEXT

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: ATM Context 3.1.1 Describe the ATM requirements and 2 Service level agreements, working arrangements the related services provided by the

e.g. ASM, ATFCM

SMC

TOPIC 4: ANSP ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Administration 4.1.1 Describe any ANSP administrative 2 Any non-technical practices procedures, specifically applicable to e.g. security, access control (building and platform), SMC

safety, fire

SUBJECT 2: SMC — ANS SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: OPERATIONAL IMPACTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Degradation or loss of system/equipment services 1.1.1 Describe the importance of 2 — monitoring system performance 1.1.2 Describe possible ways in which the 2 e.g. monitoring systems, telephone calls, aural alerts, SMC may become aware of user complaint degradation of services and/or systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.1.3 Take account of the end 2 e.g. ATC Units, airports, airlines users/customers affected 1.1.4 Appreciate the implications for end 3 — users/customers 1.1.5 Appreciate the appropriate actions to 3 e.g. switching, replacing, reconfiguration, calling restore service external service provider 1.1.6 Appreciate the need for appropriate 3 e.g. users, customers, external and internal providers communication before and after restoring service

TOPIC 2: USER POSITION FUNCTIONALITY AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1 User working position 2.1.1 Appreciate working position 3 e.g. ATCO, Met, ATSEP, airport positions performance to agreed parameters SUB-TOPIC 2.2: SMC working position 2.2.1 Appreciate SMC working position 3 — performance to agreed parameters

SUBJECT 3: SMC — TOOLS, PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES

TOPIC 1: REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: SMS 1.1.1 Describe the ICAO and European 2 ICAO Annex 19, Annex IV to Regulation (EU) requirements and the national and 2017/373 ATSP SMS SUB-TOPIC 1.2: QMS 1.2.1 Describe the quality management 2 e.g. ISO, EFQM system requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.3: SMS application in the working environment 1.3.1 Describe the relationship between the 2 Reporting procedures SMS and the application of SMC 1.3.2 Explain which occurrences require 2 e.g. national categories for reporting, safety event incident reporting and follow-up processing action(s) 1.3.3 Apply incident reporting procedures 3 e.g. safety event procedure to example occurrence(s)

TOPIC 2: MAINTENANCE AGREEMENTS WITH OUTSIDE AGENCIES REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Principles of agreements 2.1.1 Describe the principles and need for 2 e.g. types of service level provided maintenance agreements

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

2.1.2 Describe within which functional 2 e.g. network providers, facilities management, areas maintenance agreements will communications occur 2.1.3 Describe where in the SMS manual 2 — these agreements are included or referenced

TOPIC 3: SMC GENERAL PROCESSES

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Roles and responsibilities 3.1.1 Describe the role and general method 2 — of operations of the SMC 3.1.2 Describe the need to monitor service 2 e.g. process to interrupt services for planned conditions and the way to take maintenance purposes, management of service appropriate action to ensure service provision during corrective maintenance, continuity of performance service, availability 3.1.3 Describe the coordination role of the 2 e.g. ATSEPs, ATCOs, external service providers, ATM SMC stakeholders 3.1.4 Describe how risk analysis can 2 e.g. assessing risk, handling of service interventions contribute towards decision-making

TOPIC 4: MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Reporting 4.1.1 Describe how maintenance activities 2 e.g. procedures to follow, terminology to use, record and SMC events/actions are recorded keeping for traceability 4.1.2 Explain the importance of accurate 2 e.g. information is logged in database or report is record keeping and dissemination for generated and distributed according to defined handover and quality management procedures purposes

SUBJECT 4: SMC — TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGIES AND PRINCIPLES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General 1.1.1 Describe the principles of control and 2 e.g. national basis, colour codes, ergonomics monitoring systems used SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Communication 1.2.1 Describe the key aspects of control 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of and monitoring system capability actions that can be taken 1.2.2 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Continuity of service, communication chain integrity replacement of components in a communication chain

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Facilities 1.3.1 Describe the key aspects of system 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of management capability actions that can be taken 1.3.2 Appreciate the impact of the loss of 3 Continuity of service, integrity supply and/or replacement of components in facility equipment

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION VOICE

TOPIC 1: AIR-GROUND

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Controller working position 1.1.1 Describe the most common features 2 Frequency selection, emergency, station of a controller working position selection, coupling, headset, loudspeaker, footswitch, push to talk

e.g. microphone (noise cancelling), short time recording

TOPIC 2: GROUND-GROUND

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Interfaces 2.1.1 Describe the different types of 2 Analogue (2, 4, 6 and 8 wires), digital ISDN interfaces (64 Kb, 2 Mb) SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Switch 2.2.1 State the similarities between ground- 1 Switching techniques ground and air-ground switches 2.2.2 Describe the most commonly used 2 General architecture, digital, analogue, multiplex functionality of PABX types, PCM30 2.2.3 Analyse conversion 4 General architecture, analogue-digital-analogue analogue-digital, digital-analogue SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Controller working position 2.3.1 Describe the two most common 2 — features of a controller working position and the HMI

SUBJECT 6: COMMUNICATION DATA

TOPIC 1: EUROPEAN NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Network technologies 1.1.1 State emerging network technologies 1 e.g. as used in EAN, NEAN, AMHS, PENS 1.1.2 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Surveillance data, flight plan data and AIS networks current networks e.g. CIDIN, OLDI, CFMU-RCA, quality of service, architecture, FMTP, AMHS

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: GLOBAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Networks and standards 2.1.1 List the global networks and the 1 e.g. ICAO for AFTN/CIDIN/AMHS, ICAO for ATN, FANS standards on which they are based 1 and FANS A for ACARS applications (SITA and ARINC) SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Description 2.2.1 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Users and data, architectures, quality of service AFTN networks SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Global architecture 2.3.1 Describe the architecture of the ATN 2 Air-ground subnetworks, ground-ground subnetworks, airborne networks SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Air-ground subnetworks 2.4.1 Describe air-ground subnetworks 2 VDL (mode 2), HFDL, AMSS, SATCOM SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Ground-ground subnetworks 2.5.1 Describe the composition of ground- 2 PTT, commercial telecom providers, ARINC, SITA ground subnetworks SUB-TOPIC 2.6: Air-ground applications 2.6.1 State the main communication 1 e.g. CPDLC, DLIC/AFN, ATIS, DCL applications using data link systems

SUBJECT 7: COMMUNICATION RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how the service provider 2 e.g. storage media, access to recording and complies with the regulations reproducing room, time to store information

(overwrite/erase voice or data), procedure to reproduce information

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 8: NAVIGATION — PBN

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: NOTAM 1.1.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL — NAVIGATION

SUBJECT 1: SMC — ANS STRUCTURE

TOPIC 1: ANSP ORGANISATION AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ANSP organisation and operation 1.1.1 Describe the SMC function within the 2 What the SMC does, interfaces with other functions, organisation similarities and major differences between SMC function at different sites 1.1.2 Describe the structure, roles and 2 — responsibilities of the SMC team and any direct interfaces 1.1.3 Explain the duties of the ATC 2 — supervisor

TOPIC 2: ANSP MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Policy 2.1.1 Describe, in general terms, the ANSP 2 — maintenance policy 2.1.2 Describe the aspects of the 2 — maintenance policy that apply specifically to SMC

TOPIC 3: ATM CONTEXT

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: ATM context 3.1.1 Describe the ATM requirements and 2 Service level agreements, working arrangements the related services provided by the

e.g. ASM, AFTCM

SMC

TOPIC 4: ANSP ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Administration 4.1.1 Describe any ANSP administrative 2 Any non-technical practices procedures, specifically applicable to e.g. security, access control (building and platform), SMC

safety, fire

SUBJECT 2: SMC — ANS SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: OPERATIONAL IMPACTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Degradation or loss of system/equipment services 1.1.1 Describe the importance of 2 — monitoring system performance 1.1.2 Describe possible ways in which the 2 e.g. monitoring systems, telephone calls, aural alerts, SMC may become aware of user complaint degradation of services and/or systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.3 Take account of the end 2 e.g. ATC units, airports, airlines users/customers affected 1.1.4 Appreciate the implications for end 3 — users/customers 1.1.5 Appreciate the appropriate actions to 3 e.g. switching, replacing, reconfiguration, calling restore service external service provider 1.1.6 Appreciate the need for appropriate 3 e.g. users, customers, external and internal providers communication before and after restoring service

TOPIC 2: USER POSITION FUNCTIONALITY AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: User working position 2.1.1 Appreciate working position 3 e.g. ATCO, MET, ATSEP, airport positions performance to agreed parameters SUB-TOPIC 2.2: SMC working position 2.2.1 Appreciate SMC working position 3 — performance to agreed parameters

SUBJECT 3: SMC — TOOLS, PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES

TOPIC 1: REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: SMS 1.1.1 Describe the ICAO and European 2 ICAO Annex 19 requirements and the national and ATSP SMS SUB-TOPIC 1.2: QMS 1.2.1 Describe the quality management 2 e.g. ISO, EFQM system requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.3: SMS application in the working environment 1.3.1 Describe the relationship between the 2 Reporting procedures SMS and the application of SMC 1.3.2 Explain which occurrences require 2 e.g. national categories for reporting, Safety Event incident reporting and follow-up Processing action(s) 1.3.3 Apply incident reporting procedures 3 e.g. Safety Event Procedure to example occurrence(s)

TOPIC 2: MAINTENANCE AGREEMENTS WITH OUTSIDE AGENCIES REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Principles of agreements 2.1.1 Describe the principles and need for 2 e.g. types of service level provided maintenance agreements 2.1.2 Describe within which functional 2 e.g. network providers, facilities management, areas maintenance agreements will communications occur

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 2.1.3 Describe where in the SMS manual 2 — these agreements are included or referenced

TOPIC 3: SMC GENERAL PROCESSES

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Roles and responsibilities 3.1.1 Describe the role and general method 2 — of operations of the SMC 3.1.2 Describe the need to monitor service 2 e.g. process to interrupt services for planned conditions and the way to take maintenance purposes, management of service appropriate action to ensure service provision during corrective maintenance, continuity of performance service, availability 3.1.3 Describe the coordination role of the 2 e.g. ATSEPs, ATCOs, external service providers, ATM SMC stakeholders 3.1.4 Describe how risk analysis can 2 e.g. assessing risk, handling of service interventions contribute towards decision-making

TOPIC 4: MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Reporting 4.1.1 Describe how maintenance activities 2 e.g. procedures to follow, terminology to use, record and SMC events/actions are recorded keeping for traceability 4.1.2 Explain the importance of accurate 2 e.g. information is logged in database or report is record keeping and dissemination for generated and distributed according to defined handover and quality management procedures purposes

SUBJECT 4: SMC — TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGIES AND PRINCIPLES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General 1.1.1 Describe the principles of control and 2 e.g. national basis, colour codes, ergonomics monitoring systems used SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Navigation 1.3.1 Describe the key aspects of control 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of and monitoring system capability actions that can be taken 1.3.2 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Continuity of service, navigation aid integrity replacement of components in navigation equipment SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Facilities 1.6.1 Describe the key aspects of system 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of management capability actions that can be taken 1.6.2 Appreciate the impact of the loss of 3 Continuity of service, integrity supply and/or replacement of components in facility equipment

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION DATA

TOPIC 1: EUROPEAN NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Network technologies 1.1.1 State emerging network technologies 1 e.g. as used in EAN, NEAN, AMHS, PENS 1.1.2 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Surveillance data, flight plan data and AIS networks current networks e.g. CIDIN, OLDI, CFMU-RCA, quality of service,

architecture, FMTP, AMHS

TOPIC 2: GLOBAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Networks and standards 2.1.1 List the global networks and the 1 e.g. ICAO for AFTN/CIDIN/AMHS, ICAO for ATN, FANS standards on which they are based 1 and FANS A for ACARS applications (SITA and ARINC) SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Description 2.2.1 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Users and data, architectures, quality of service AFTN networks SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Global architecture 2.3.1 Describe the architecture of the ATN 2 Air-ground subnetworks, ground-ground subnetworks, airborne networks SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Air-ground subnetworks 2.4.1 Describe the air-ground subnetworks 2 VDL (mode 2), HFDL, AMSS, SATCOM SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Ground-ground subnetworks course 2.5.1 Describe the composition of ground- 2 PTT, commercial telecom providers, ARINC, SITA ground subnetworks SUB-TOPIC 2.6: Air-ground applications 2.6.1 State the main communication 1 e.g. CPDLC, DLIC/AFN, ATIS, DCL applications using data link systems

SUBJECT 6: COMMUNICATION RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how service providers comply 2 e.g. storage media, access to recording and with the regulations reproducing room, time to store information

(overwrite/erase voice or data), procedure to

reproduce information.

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

SUBJECT 7: NAVIGATION — PBN

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: NOTAM 1.1.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 8: NAVIGATION — GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS-NDB

TOPIC 1: NDB LOCATOR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Appreciate the principles of NDB 3 Relative bearing, measuring method 1.1.2 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity 1.1.3 Explain the technical limitations 2 Lack of accuracy, lack of integrity, sensitivity to of NDB interference 1.1.4 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, user groups, European

context

SUBJECT 9: NAVIGATION — GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS-DF

TOPIC 1: DF

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 State the different types of DF 1 VDF, DDF, IDF 1.1.2 Describe the user HMI 2 Indication on radar picture, DF indicator 1.1.3 Appreciate the principles of DF 3 Bearing, measuring method (standard, Doppler, interferometry) 1.1.4 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity 1.1.5 Explain the technical limitations of DF 2 Sensitivity to interference 1.1.6 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, national context

SUBJECT 10: NAVIGATION — GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS-VOR

TOPIC 1 VOR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 State the types of VOR Systems 1 Conventional, doppler 1.1.2 Describe the overall performance 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.1.3 Explain the technical limitations of 2 Type of information (azimuth), accuracy, integrity, CVOR suitable for a network of fixed routes 1.1.4 Appreciate the differences between 3 Signal broadcast differences, bearing information CVOR and DVOR robustness 1.1.5 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, user groups, national

context, European context

SUBJECT 11: NAVIGATION — GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS-DME

TOPIC 1: DME

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Describe the overall performances for 2 Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, DME integrity, continuity, number of users 1.1.2 Explain the limitations of DME 2 Accuracy, integrity, capacity 1.1.3 Describe the current situation 2 e.g. number, types, users, user groups, national

context, European context

1.1.4 State the role of the DME 1 PBN infrastructure in the future navigation applications 1.1.5 Explain the differences between DME 2 e.g. azimuth and range and TACAN for civilian use

SUBJECT 12: NAVIGATION — GROUND-BASED SYSTEMS-ILS

TOPIC 1: ILS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of the system 1.1.1 Describe the overall performances for 2 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 ILS Coverage, accuracy, availability of the system, integrity, continuity, number of users 1.1.2 Explain the technical limitations of ILS 2 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 Only 40 channels, no segmented paths of approach, beam corruption due to multi-path 1.1.3 Interpret ILS Facility Performance 5 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 Categories Cat I, Cat II, Cat III Different operational category depending on operational minima, equipment and airport facilities 1.1.4 Define obstacle free zones for ILS 1 ICAO Annexes 10 and 14 components Dimensions

e.g. national regulations

1.1.5 Explain the importance and need for 2 ILS beam protection, increased significance during LVP ILS obstacle free zones conditions 1.1.6 Explain the current situation 2 e.g. number, type, users, national context

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.7 Consider the need for ATC ILS status 2 No continuous monitoring by ATSEP indications

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL — SURVEILLANCE

SUBJECT 1: SMC — ANS STRUCTURE

TOPIC 1: ANSP ORGANISATION AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ANSP organisation and operation 1.1.1 Describe the SMC function within 2 What the SMC does, interfaces with other functions, the organisation similarities and major differences between SMC function at different sites 1.1.2 Describe the structure, roles and 2 — responsibilities of the SMC team and any direct interfaces 1.1.3 Explain the duties of the ATC 2 — supervisor

TOPIC 2: ANSP MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Policy 2.1.1 Describe, in general terms, the ANSP 2 — maintenance policy 2.1.2 Describe the aspects of the 2 — maintenance policy that apply specifically to SMC

TOPIC 3: ATM CONTEXT

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: ATM context 3.1.1 Describe the ATM requirements and 2 Service level agreements, working arrangements the related services provided by the

e.g. ASM, AFTCM

SMC

TOPIC 4: ANSP ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Administration 4.1.1 Describe any ANSP administrative 2 Any non-technical practices procedures, specifically applicable to e.g. security, access control (building and platform), SMC

safety, fire

SUBJECT 2: SMC — ANS SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: OPERATIONAL IMPACTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Degradation or loss of system/equipment services 1.1.1 Describe the importance of 2 — monitoring system performance 1.1.2 Describe possible ways in which the 2 e.g. monitoring systems, telephone calls, aural alerts, SMC may become aware of user complaint degradation of services and/or systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.1.3 Take account of the end 2 e.g. ATC units, airports, airlines users/customers affected 1.1.4 Appreciate the implications for end 3 — users/customers 1.1.5 Appreciating the appropriate actions 3 e.g. switching, replacing, reconfiguration, calling to restore service external service provider 1.1.6 Appreciate the need for appropriate 3 e.g. users, customers, external and internal providers communication before and after restoring service

TOPIC 2: USER POSITION FUNCTIONALITY AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: User working position 2.1.1 Appreciate working position 3 e.g. ATCO, MET, ATSEP, airport positions performance to agreed parameters SUB-TOPIC 2.2: SMC working position 2.2.1 Appreciate SMC working position 3 — performance to agreed parameters

SUBJECT 3: SMC — TOOLS, PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES

TOPIC 1: REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: SMS 1.1.1 Describe the ICAO and European 2 ICAO Annex 19 requirements and the national and ATSP SMS SUB-TOPIC 1.2: QMS 1.2.1 Describe the quality management 2 e.g. ISO, EFQM system requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.3: SMS application in the working environment 1.3.1 Describe the relationship between 2 Reporting procedures the SMS and the application of SMC 1.3.2 Explain which occurrences require 2 e.g. national categories for reporting, safety event incident reporting and follow-up processing action(s) 1.3.3 Apply incident reporting procedures 3 e.g. safety event procedure to example occurrence(s)

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: MAINTENANCE AGREEMENTS WITH OUTSIDE AGENCIES REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Principles of agreements 2.1.1 Describe the principles and need for 2 e.g. types of service level provided maintenance agreements 2.1.2 Describe within which functional 2 e.g. network providers, facilities management, areas maintenance agreements will communications occur 2.1.3 Describe where in the SMS Manual 2 — these agreements are included or referenced

TOPIC 3: SMC GENERAL PROCESSES

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Roles and responsibilities 3.1.1 Describe the role and general 2 — method of operations of the SMC 3.1.2 Describe the need to monitor service 2 e.g. process to interrupt services for planned conditions and the way to take maintenance purposes, management of service appropriate action to ensure service provision during corrective maintenance, continuity of performance service, availability

3.1.3 Describe the coordination role of the 2 e.g. ATSEPs, ATCOs, external service providers, ATM SMC stakeholders 3.1.4 Describe how risk analysis can 2 e.g. assessing risk, handling of service interventions contribute towards decision-making

TOPIC 4: MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Reporting 4.1.1 Describe how maintenance activities 2 e.g. procedures to follow, terminology to use, record and SMC events/actions are keeping for traceability recorded 4.1.2 Explain the importance of accurate 2 e.g. information is logged in database or report is record keeping and dissemination generated and distributed according to defined for handover and quality procedures management purposes

SUBJECT 4: SMC — TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGIES AND PRINCIPLES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General 1.1.1 Describe the principles of control 2 e.g. national basis, colour codes, ergonomics and monitoring systems used SUB-TOPIC 1.4 Surveillance 1.4.1 Describe the key aspects of control 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of and monitoring system capability actions that can be taken 1.4.2 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Continuity of service, surveillance chain integrity replacement of components in a

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R surveillance chain

SUB-TOPIC 1.6 Facilities 1.6.1 Describe the key aspects of system 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of management capability actions that can be taken 1.6.2 Appreciate the impact of the loss of 3 Continuity of service, integrity supply and/or replacement of components in facility equipment

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION DATA

TOPIC 1: EUROPEAN NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Network technologies 1.1.1 State emerging network technologies 1 e.g. as used in EAN, NEAN, AMHS, PENS 1.1.2 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Surveillance data, flight plan data and AIS networks current networks e.g. CIDIN, OLDI, CFMU-RCA, quality of service,

architecture, FMTP, AMHS

TOPIC 2: GLOBAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Networks and standards 2.1.1 List the global networks and the 1 e.g. ICAO for AFTN/CIDIN/AMHS, ICAO for ATN, FANS standards on which they are based 1 and FANS A for ACARS applications (SITA and ARINC) SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Description 2.2.1 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Users and data, architectures, quality of service AFTN networks SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Global architecture 2.3.1 Describe the architecture of the ATN 2 Air-ground subnetworks, ground-ground subnetworks, airborne networks SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Air-ground subnetworks 2.4.1 Describe the air-ground subnetworks 2 VDL (mode 2), HFDL, AMSS, SATCOM SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Ground-ground subnetworks 2.5.1 Describe the composition of ground- 2 PTT, commercial telecom providers, ARINC, SITA ground subnetworks SUB-TOPIC 2.6: Air-ground applications 2.6.1 State the main communication 1 e.g. CPDLC, DLIC/AFN, ATIS, DCL applications using data link systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 6: COMMUNICATION RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain the international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how service providers comply 2 e.g. storage media, access to recording and with the regulations reproducing room, time to store information

(overwrite/erase voice or data), procedure to reproduce information

SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

SUBJECT 7: NAVIGATION — PBN

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: NOTAM 1.1.1 Explaining the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 8: SURVEILLANCE — PRIMARY

TOPIC 1: ATC SURVEILLANCE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of PSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, resolution, coverage, availability requirements of an en-route or an approach PSR

SUBJECT 9: SURVEILLANCE — SECONDARY

TOPIC 1: SSR AND MSSR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of SSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, coverage, resolution, performance, update requirements of an en-route or an rate approach SSR ICAO Doc 9684

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 2: MODE S

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to Mode S 2.1.1 Explain the need for and benefits of 2 Classical SSR limitations, resolution, accuracy, Mode S integrity, enhanced data (e.g. 25 ft resolution, aircraft ID, BDS information) 2.1.2 Explain the working principles of 2 Mode S interrogation, Mode S reply, Mode S uplink Mode S and downlink capability, Mode S formats/protocols, ELS, EHS 2.1.3 Explain the complementary use of 2 Mode Interlace Pattern, Operational use of All- call, Mode S and conventional SSR Roll-call 2.1.4 Explain Mode S implementation 2 Elementary and enhanced surveillance, II and SI codes, use of BDS

TOPIC 3: MULTILATERATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: MLAT principles 3.1.1 Explain the MLAT system 2 Standards, transmitters and receivers, data architecture processing/fusion, redundancy, performance, costs, timing solutions, etc. 3.1.2 Appreciate the principles of MLAT 3 Triangulation, coverage, position calculation system

e.g. SCAS

3.1.3 Describe how to operate the system 2 Tracking, map creation and blanking 3.1.4 Describe testing possibilities for 2 e.g. SASS-C MLAT

SUBJECT 10: SURVEILLANCE — HMI

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types

SUBJECT 11: SURVEILLANCE — DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, surveillance data networks formats and protocols

e.g. RADNET, messages CAT 1+

1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor

e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of

environment

service, RADNET

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Stream SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL — DATA

SUBJECT 1: SMC — ANS STRUCTURE

TOPIC 1: ANSP ORGANISATION AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ANSP organisation and operation 1.1.1 Describe the SMC function within the 2 What the SMC does, interfaces with other functions, organisation similarities and major differences between SMC function at different sites 1.1.2 Describe the structure, roles and 2 — responsibilities of the SMC team and any direct interfaces 1.1.3 Explain the duties of the ATC 2 — supervisor

TOPIC 2: ANSP MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Policy 2.1.1 Describe, in general terms, the ANSP 2 — maintenance policy 2.1.2 Describe the aspects of the 2 — maintenance policy that apply specifically to SMC

TOPIC 3: ATM CONTEXT

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: ATM context 3.1.1 Describe the ATM requirements and 2 Service level agreements, working arrangements the related services provided by the

e.g. ASM, AFTCM

SMC

TOPIC 4: ANSP ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Administration 4.1.1 Describe any ANSP administrative 2 Any non-technical practices procedures, specifically applicable to e.g. security, access control (building and platform), SMC safety, fire

SUBJECT 2: SMC — ANS SYSTEM/EQUIPMENT

TOPIC 1: OPERATIONAL IMPACTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Degradation or loss of system/equipment services 1.1.1 Describe the importance of 2 — monitoring system performance 1.1.2 Describe possible ways in which the 2 e.g. monitoring systems, telephone calls, aural alerts, SMC may become aware of user complaint degradation of services and/or systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 1.1.3 Take account of the end 2 e.g. ATC Units, airports, airlines users/customers affected 1.1.4 Appreciate the implications for end 3 — users/customers 1.1.5 Appreciate the appropriate actions to 3 e.g. switching, replacing, reconfiguration, calling restore service external service provider 1.1.6 Appreciate the need for appropriate 3 e.g. users, customers, external and internal providers communication before and after restoring service

TOPIC 2: USER POSITION FUNCTIONALITY AND OPERATION

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: User working position 2.1.1 Appreciate working position 3 e.g. ATCO, MET, ATSEP, airport positions performance to agreed parameters SUB-TOPIC 2.2: SMC working position 2.2.1 Appreciate SMC working position 3 — performance to agreed parameters

SUBJECT 3: SMC — TOOLS, PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES

TOPIC 1: REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: SMS 1.1.1 Describe the ICAO and European 2 ICAO Annex 19, Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2017/373. requirements and the national and ATSP SMS SUB-TOPIC 1.2: QMS 1.2.1 Describe the quality management 2 e.g. ISO, EFQM system requirements SUB-TOPIC 1.3: SMS application in the working environment 1.3.1 Describe the relationship between the 2 Reporting procedures SMS and the application of SMC 1.3.2 Explain which occurrences require 2 e.g. national categories for reporting, safety event incident reporting and follow-up processing action(s) 1.3.3 Apply incident reporting procedures 3 e.g. safety event procedure to example occurrence(s)

TOPIC 2: MAINTENANCE AGREEMENTS WITH OUTSIDE AGENCIES REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Principles of agreements 2.1.1 Describe the principles and need for 2 e.g. types of service level provided maintenance agreements 2.1.2 Describe within which functional 2 e.g. network providers, facilities management, areas maintenance agreements will communications occur

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R 2.1.3 Describe where in the SMS Manual 2 — these agreements are included or referenced

TOPIC 3: SMC GENERAL PROCESSES

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: Roles and responsibilities 3.1.1 Describe the role and general method 2 — of operations of the SMC 3.1.2 Describe the need to monitor service 2 e.g. process to interrupt services for planned conditions and the way to take maintenance purposes, management of service appropriate action to ensure service provision during corrective maintenance, continuity performance of service, availability 3.1.3 Describe the coordination role of the 2 e.g. ATSEPs, ATCOs, external service providers, ATM SMC stakeholders 3.1.4 Describe how risk analysis can 2 e.g. assessing risk, handling of service interventions contribute towards decision-making

TOPIC 4: MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

SUB-TOPIC 4.1: Reporting 4.1.1 Describe how maintenance activities 2 e.g. procedures to follow, terminology to use, record and SMC events/actions are recorded keeping for traceability 4.1.2 Explain the importance of accurate 2 e.g. information is logged in database or report is record keeping and dissemination for generated and distributed according to defined handover and quality management procedures purposes

SUBJECT 4: SMC — TECHNOLOGY

TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGIES AND PRINCIPLES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: General 1.1.1 Describe the principles of control and 2 e.g. national basis, colour codes, ergonomics monitoring systems used SUB-TOPIC 1.5: Data processing 1.5.1 Describe the key aspects of control 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of and monitoring system capability actions that can be taken 1.5.2 Appreciate the impact of the 3 Continuity of service, data processing, chain replacement of components in data integrity processing chain SUB-TOPIC 1.6: Facilities 1.6.1 Describe the key aspects of system 2 e.g. parameters presented to the SMC and types of management capability actions that can be taken 1.6.2 Appreciate the impact of the loss of 3 Continuity of service, integrity supply and/or replacement of components in facility equipment

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 5: COMMUNICATION DATA

TOPIC 1: EUROPEAN NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Network technologies 1.1.1 State emerging network 1 e.g. as used in EAN, NEAN, AMHS, PENS technologies 1.1.2 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Surveillance data, flight plan data and AIS networks current networks e.g. CIDIN, OLDI, CFMU-RCA, quality of service,

architecture, FMTP, AMHS

TOPIC 2: GLOBAL NETWORKS

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Networks and standards 2.1.1 List the global networks and the 1 e.g. ICAO for AFTN/CIDIN/AMHS, ICAO for ATN, FANS standards on which they are based 1 and FANS A for ACARS applications (SITA and ARINC) SUB-TOPIC 2.2: Description 2.2.1 Describe the characteristics of the 2 Users and data, architectures, quality of service AFTN networks SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Global architecture 2.3.1 Describe the architecture of the ATN 2 Air-ground subnetworks, ground-ground subnetworks, airborne networks SUB-TOPIC 2.4: Air-ground subnetworks 2.4.1 Describe the air-ground subnetworks 2 VDL (mode 2), HFDL, AMSS, SATCOM SUB-TOPIC 2.5: Ground-ground subnetworks 2.5.1 Describe the composition of ground- 2 PTT, commercial telecom providers, ARINC, SITA ground subnetworks SUB-TOPIC 2.6: Air-ground applications 2.6.1 State the main communication 1 e.g. CPDLC, DLIC/AFN, ATIS, DCL applications using data link systems

SUBJECT 6: COMMUNICATION RECORDERS

TOPIC 1: LEGAL RECORDERS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Regulations 1.1.1 Explain the international regulations 2 ICAO (recording and reproducing) 1.1.2 Explain national regulations 2 Appropriate national regulations 1.1.3 Explain how the service provider 2 e.g. storage media, access to recording and complies with the regulations reproducing room, time to store information

(overwrite/erase voice or data), procedure to reproduce information

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Principles 1.2.1 Explain the principles of recording 2 e.g. storage media (tape, optical and magnetic disc), and reproducing A/D-D/A converters, frequency range (300 to 3 400 Hz), channel capacity, time synchronisation,

connection to a network, synchronisation of radar and voice recording, replay limitations

SUBJECT 7: NAVIGATION — PBN

TOPIC 1: NAV CONCEPTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: NOTAM 1.1.1 Explain the need for NOTAMs 2 —

SUBJECT 8: SURVEILLANCE — PRIMARY

TOPIC 1: ATC SURVEILLANCE

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of PSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, resolution, coverage, availability requirements of an en-route or an approach PSR

SUBJECT 9: SURVEILLANCE — SECONDARY

TOPIC 1: SSR AND MSSR

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Use of SSR for Air Traffic Services 1.1.1 Describe the operational 2 Range, coverage, resolution, performance, update requirements of an en-route or an rate approach SSR ICAO Doc 9684

TOPIC 2: MODE S

SUB-TOPIC 2.1: Introduction to Mode S 2.1.1 Explain the need for and benefits of 2 Classical SSR limitations, resolution, accuracy, Mode S integrity, enhanced data (e.g. 25 ft resolution, aircraft ID, BDS information) 2.1.2 Explain the working principles of 2 Mode S interrogation, Mode S reply, Mode S uplink Mode S and downlink capability, Mode S formats/protocols, ELS, EHS 2.1.3 Explain the complementary use of 2 Mode interlace pattern, operational use of Mode S and conventional SSR all-call, roll-call 2.1.4 Explain Mode S implementation 2 Elementary and enhanced surveillance, II and SI codes, use of BDS

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

TOPIC 3: MULTILATERATION

SUB-TOPIC 3.1: MLAT principles 3.1.1 Explain the MLAT system 2 Standards, transmitters and receivers, data architecture processing/fusion, redundancy, performance, costs, timing solutions, etc. 3.1.2 Appreciate the principles of MLAT 3 Triangulation, coverage, position calculation system

e.g. SCAS

3.1.3 Describe how to operate the system 2 Tracking, map creation and blanking 3.1.4 Describe testing possibilities for 2 e.g. SASS-C MLAT

SUBJECT 10: SURVEILLANCE — HMI

TOPIC 1: HMI

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: ATCO HMI 1.1.1 Describe the display types available 2 Video, synthetic, mixed 1.1.2 State the type of selections available 1 Source, range, maps, filters 1.1.3 Describe the advantages of different 2 Clarity, configurability, fallback, data integration display types

SUBJECT 11: SURVEILLANCE — DATA TRANSMISSION

TOPIC 1: SURVEILLANCE DATA TRANSMISSION

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Technology and protocols 1.1.1 Describe the implementation of 2 Network protocols, surveillance data networks formats and protocols

e.g. RADNET, messages CAT 1+

1.1.2 Decode ASTERIX messages 3 e.g. categories 1, 2, 20, 21, 34, 48, and 62 1.1.3 Identify the data transmission 3 Fault tolerance, redundancy of line equipment architecture in a multisensor

e.g. software fallback capability, contingency of

environment

service, RADNET

1.1.4 Characterise the degradations of the 2 e.g. saturation, excess latency surveillance transmission network

SUBJECT 12: DATA PROCESSING — DPS SYSTEMS

TOPIC 1: USER REQUIREMENTS

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Controller requirements 1.1.1 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an area control centre

e.g. separation, flight progress monitoring and coordination, trajectory prediction, coordination with adjacent centres

1.1.2 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an approach control unit

e.g. vectoring, sequencing, AMAN, CDM

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

1.1.3 Explain ATCO missions and services 2 Operational requirements needed in an aerodrome control

e.g. runway management, DMAN

tower SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Trajectories, prediction and calculation 1.2.1 State different types of trajectories 1 e.g. FPL-based, surveillance data-based, FMS-based 1.2.2 Explain the main processes for 2 SDP trajectory, FPL trajectory, merged trajectory, trajectory prediction predicted trajectory SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Ground safety nets 1.3.1 Describe the function of safety nets 2 STCA, APW, MSAW, ASMGCS-based safety nets and their legal status SUB-TOPIC 1.4: Decision support 1.4.1 Explain the major steps in the air 2 ATFCM with strategic, pre-tactical and tactical, ATC traffic planning process sector planning, tactical control 1.4.2 Explain the principles of trajectory 2 Route adherence monitoring prediction, conformance monitoring

e.g. CORA, MTCD, CLAM, level adherence monitoring

and medium term conflict detection processes 1.4.3 Explain the benefit of these tools for 2 — safety and efficiency

SUBJECT 13: DATA PROCESSING — DATA PROCESS

TOPIC 1: HARDWARE PLATFORM

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Equipment upgrade 1.1.1 Explain the key factors that have to 2 Specification, compatibility, ‘proven’ or ‘state-of-thebe considered when data processing art’ technology, maintenance and operating equipment is upgraded or changed consequence (e.g. personnel, training, spares, procedures), environmental requirements (e.g. size, power requirements, temperature, interfaces), testing SUB-TOPIC 2.2: COTS 2.2.1 Explain the advantages and 2 Cost, multiplicity of suppliers, quality, maintainability, disadvantages of commercial life cycle, liability off-the-shelf equipment SUB-TOPIC 2.3: Interdependence 2.3.1 Describe the technical issues 2 Interface requirements, common point of failure, data regarding the interdependence of conditioning, response time various equipment and systems

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

SUBJECT 14: DATA PROCESSING — DATA

TOPIC 1: DATA ESSENTIALS FEATURES

SUB-TOPIC 1.1: Data significance 1.1.1 Explain the significance of data 2 Criticality (critical/non critical), legality (ICAO, CAA, organisations), use (advisory, control) SUB-TOPIC 1.2: Data configuration control 1.2.1 Explain the control procedures for 2 Designated roles/persons for authorising changes changes to operational data and verifying/checking changes SUB-TOPIC 1.3: Data standards 1.3.1 Name the authority responsible for 1 e.g. EUROCONTROL, ICAO, ISO standards 1.3.2 State the standards related to ATM 1 e.g. ASTERIX, WGS84, OLDI, FMTP, AMHS, ADEX-P, data, their sources and their status FPL, 1.3.3 Decode a typical OLDI message 3 e.g. ACT, PAC 1.3.4 State the nature of ATM processing 1 Data volatility (e.g. radar), system integrity, requirements consequence of failure

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

APPENDIX 5a

SYLLABI STRUCTURE This guidance material provides explanatory material on how to read the tables in the appendices contained in this Subpart A of ANNEX XIII. (a) Structure of the syllabi Each table represents a syllabus which has been structured according to the following: (1) for ease of reading, each table repeats the titles of all subjects that are listed in the Implementing Rule; and (2) these subjects are further divided into the topics that are listed in the Implementing Rule; then (3) topics are divided into one or more sub-topics; and (4) sub-topics contain one or more training objectives.

Figure 1: Structure of tables (b) Training objectives Each training objective should be understood to contain three mandatory elements: (1) Corpus, which is a description of the required performance. It always contains an action verb at the beginning of the sentence to ensure that the outcome is observable. The action verb is always associated with a defined taxonomy. (2) Taxonomy Level, which is the numerical representation of the classification of the action verb. (3) Content.

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R

Figure 2: A training objective consists of corpus, taxonomy level and content. (c) Corpus Objectives relate to single activities, where possible. A number of the objectives refer to ‘generic equipment’ within the corpus. In this context, generic equipment is considered a piece of equipment and/or didactic device which can be used to meet objectives. The equipment/device is not necessarily identical or similar to the operational equipment. Note: Generic equipment gives flexibility to the course designer. In some instances, operating organisations may, as an alternative to the above, choose to conduct the training on equipment that is similar or identical to the operational equipment that will be used during system/equipment rating training.

Figure 3: Example of an objective with generic equipment The objective above may be achieved through the use of any type of radio transmitter. (d) Taxonomy levels The five taxonomy levels should be understood to have the following levels of complexity: (1) Level 1 — Basic knowledge of the subject. It is the ability to remember essential points, to memorise data, and retrieve it. (2) Level 2 — The ability to understand and to discuss the subject matter intelligently in order to represent and act upon certain objects and events. (3) Level 3 — Thorough knowledge of the subject and the ability to apply it with accuracy. The ability to make use of the repertoire of knowledge to develop plans and activate them. (4) Level 4 — The ability to establish a line of action within a unit of known applications following the correct chronology and the adequate method to resolve a problem situation. This involves the integration of known applications in a familiar situation. (5) Level 5 — The ability to analyse new situations in order to elaborate and apply one or another relevant strategy to solve a complex problem. The defining feature is that the situation is qualitatively different to those previous met, requiring judgement and evaluation of options.

Annex XIII to ED Decision 2017/001/R (e) Content The content illustrates and details performance. It may be composed of two parts: implicit and explicit. The explicit content is what is written in the content field proper to the objective, while the implicit content is not written in the content field of each objective, but rather implied in the corpus of the objective and other elements (stream, subject, etc.). When the items are in a list, each of them is to be addressed as a minimum. Optional content items are italicised and clearly preceded with the words ‘Optional content’. They help to illustrate the type of content that may be used to achieve given objectives. Even when all of the items are optional, the objective has to be performed according to the action verb included. Where content refers to other documents (e.g. ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices), users should take care to use the most recent version of the referenced document(s) or its parts. (f) Additional note in content (1) Contained within the content of some objectives that have been assigned, the action verb ‘Appreciate’ is an additional note that elaborates on the ultimate intentions of the objective. The additional note states: ‘For achievement of competence, this objective shall be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training.’

1.2.1 Identify the causes of a fault, based 3 Additional: for achievement of on test tool measurements competence, this objective should be applied practically, at the latest, by the end of the S/E rating training

e.g. data analyser, line analyser

Figure 4: Example of an objective with ‘Appreciate + additional note’

(2) When the verb ‘appreciate’ is used with the additional note, the objective may, as a minimum, be taught as a theoretical objective during qualification training. This is permitted when using ‘appreciate’, i.e. learners should be able to understand a situation and know what is involved in a problem-solving situation, to state a plan without applying it. However, it is acknowledged that these objectives, without any practical application, are of extremely limited operational competence value. Therefore, these objectives should, at the latest, be achieved practically during system/equipment rating training. (g) Common training objectives An objective should be considered common to two or more qualification streams if the objective recurs verbatim and the context within which the objective is applied does not change. Common objectives should be taught at least once when: (1) training for two or more qualification streams are combined to form one course; or (h) a course is provided for the purpose of an ATSEP acquiring an additional qualification stream.

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Action verbs

The tables below list action verbs and their associated taxonomy levels that are used in training objectives.

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Definition of verbs — Level 4

(i) Acronyms

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