AMC & GM to Part ATCO.MED — Issue 2

Acceptable Means of Compliance and Guidance Material to Part ATCO.MED

Issue 2 8 June 2026

ANNEX IV – PART ATCO.MED – MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS

SUBPART A – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 1 – GENERAL AMC1 ATCO.MED.A.015 Medical confidentiality To ensure medical confidentiality, all medical reports and records should be securely held with accessibility restricted to personnel authorised by the medical assessor. GM1 ATCO.MED.A.020 Decrease in medical fitness

MEDICATION — GUIDANCE FOR AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS

(a) Any medication can cause side effects, some of which may impair the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. Equally, symptoms of colds, sore throats, diarrhoea and other abdominal upsets may cause little or no problem whilst not exercising the privileges of the licence, but may distract the air traffic controller and degrade their performance whilst on duty. Therefore, one issue with medication and the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence is the underlying condition and, in addition, the symptoms may be compounded by the side effects of the medication prescribed or bought over the counter for treatment. This guidance material provides some help to air traffic controllers in deciding whether expert aero-medical advice by an AME, AeMC or Medical Assessor is needed. (b) Before taking any medication and exercising the privileges of the licence, the following three basic questions should be satisfactorily answered: (1) Do I feel fit to control? (2) Do I really need to take medication at all? (3) Have I given this particular medication a personal trial whilst not exercising the privileges of my licence to ensure that it will not have any adverse effects on my ability to exercise the privileges of my licence? (c) Confirming the absence of adverse effects may well need expert aero-medical advice. (d) The following are some widely used medicines with a description of their compatibility with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence: (1) Antibiotics. Antibiotics may have short-term or delayed side effects which can affect the performance of the air traffic controller. More significantly, however, their use usually indicates that an infection is present and, thus, the effects of this infection may mean that an air traffic controller is not fit to control and should obtain expert aero-medical advice. (2) Anti-malaria drugs. The decision on the need for anti-malaria drugs depends on the geographical areas to be visited, and the risk that the air traffic controller has of being exposed to mosquitoes and of developing malaria. An expert medical opinion should be obtained to establish whether anti-malaria drugs are needed and what kind of drugs should be used. Most of the anti-malaria drugs (atovaquone plus proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline) are compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. However, adverse effects associated with mefloquine include insomnia, strange dreams, mood changes, nausea, diarrhoea and headaches. In addition, mefloquine may cause spatial disorientation and lack of fine coordination and is, therefore, not compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (3) Antihistamines. Antihistamines can cause drowsiness. They are widely used in ‘cold cures’ and in treatment of hay fever, asthma and allergic rashes. They may be in tablet form or a constituent of nose drops or sprays. In many cases, the condition itself may preclude the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence, so that, if treatment is necessary, expert aero-medical advice should be sought so that so-called non-sedative antihistamines, which do not degrade human performance, can be prescribed. (4) Cough medicines. Antitussives often contain codeine, dextromethorfan or pseudoephedrine which are not compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. However, mucolytic agents (e.g. carbocysteine) are well tolerated and are compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (5) Decongestants. Nasal decongestants with no effect on alertness may be compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (6) Nasal corticosteroids are commonly used to treat hay fever, and are compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (7) (i) Common pain killers and antifebrile drugs. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and paracetamol, commonly used to treat pain, fever or headaches, may be compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. However, the air traffic controller should give affirmative answers to the three basic questions in paragraph (b) before using the medication and exercising the privileges of the licence. (ii) Strong analgesics. The more potent analgesics including codeine are opiate derivatives, and may produce a significant decrement in human performance and, therefore, are not compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (8) Anti-ulcer medicines. Gastric secretion inhibitors such as H2 antagonists (e.g. ranitidine, cimetidine) or proton pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole) may be acceptable after diagnosis of the pathological condition. It is important to seek for the medical diagnosis and not to only treat the dyspeptic symptoms. (9) Anti-diarrhoeal drugs. Loperamide is one of the more common anti-diarrhoeal drugs and is usually safe to take whilst exercising the privileges of the licence. However, the diarrhoea itself often makes the air traffic controller unable to exercise the privileges of the licence. (10) Hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy usually have no adverse effects and are compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (11) Erectile dysfunction medication. This medication may cause disturbances in colour vision and dizziness. There should be at least six hours between taking sildenafil and exercising the privileges of the licence; and 36 hours between taking vardenafil or tadalafil and exercising the privileges of the licence. (12) Smoking cessation. Nicotine replacement therapy may be acceptable. However, other medication affecting the central nervous system (buproprion, varenicline) is not acceptable for air traffic controllers. (13) High blood pressure medication. Most anti-hypertensive drugs are compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. However, if the level of blood pressure is such that drug therapy is required, the air traffic controller should be monitored for any side effects before exercising the privileges of the licence. Therefore, consultation with the AME, AeMC or Medical Assessor as applicable, is needed. (14) Asthma medication. Asthma has to be clinically stable before an air traffic controller can return to exercising the privileges of the licence. The use of respiratory aerosols or powders, such as corticosteroids, beta-2-agonists or chromoglycic acid may be compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. However, the use of oral steroids or theophylline derivatives is usually incompatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. Air traffic controllers using medication for asthma should consult an AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable. (15) Tranquillisers, anti-depressants and sedatives. The inability to react, due to the use of this group of medicines, together with the underlying condition for which these medications have been prescribed, will almost certainly mean that the mental state of an air traffic controller is not compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. Air traffic controllers using tranquillisers, anti-depressants and sedatives should consult an AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable. (16) Sleeping tablets. Sleeping tablets dull the senses, may cause confusion and slow reaction times. The duration of effect may vary from individual to individual and may be unduly prolonged. Air traffic controllers using sleeping tablets should consult an AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable. (17) Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that is involved with the regulation of the circadian rhythm. In some countries it is a prescription medicine, whereas in most other countries it is regarded as a ‘dietary supplement’ and can be bought without any prescription. The results from the efficiency of melatonin in treatment of jet lag or sleep disorders have been contradictory. Air traffic controllers using melatonin should consult an AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable. (18) Coffee and other caffeinated drinks may be acceptable, but excessive coffee drinking may have harmful effects, including disturbance of the heart’s rhythm. Other stimulants including caffeine pills, amphetamines, etc. (often known as ‘pep’ pills) used to maintain wakefulness or suppress appetite can be habit forming. Susceptibility to different stimulants varies from one individual to another, and all may cause dangerous overconfidence. Overdosage causes headaches, dizziness and mental disturbance. These other stimulants should not be used. (19) Anaesthetics. Following local, general, dental and other anaesthetics, a period of time should elapse before returning to exercising the privileges of the licence. The period will vary considerably from individual to individual, but an air traffic controller should not exercise the privileges of the licence for at least 12 hours after a local anaesthetic, and for at least 48 hours after a general, spinal or epidural anaesthetic. (e) Many preparations on the market nowadays contain a combination of medicines. It is, therefore, essential that if there is any new medication or dosage, however slight, the effect should be observed by the air traffic controller whilst not exercising the privileges of the licence. It should be noted that medication which would not normally affect air traffic controller performance may do so in individuals who are ‘oversensitive’ to a particular preparation. Individuals are, therefore, advised not to take any medicines before or whilst exercising the privileges of their licence unless they are completely familiar with their effects on their own bodies. In cases of doubt, air traffic controllers should consult an AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable. (f) Other treatments Alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture, homeopathy, hypnotherapy and several other disciplines, is developing and gaining greater credibility. Such treatments are more acceptable in some States than others. There is a need to ensure that ‘other treatments’, as well as the underlying condition, are declared and considered by the AME, AeMC, or Medical Assessor, as applicable, for assessing fitness. AMC1 ATCO.MED.A.025 Obligations of AeMC and AME (a) If the aero-medical examination is carried out by two or more AMEs, only one of them should be responsible for coordinating the results of the examination, evaluating the findings with regard to medical fitness and signing the report. (b) The applicant should be made aware that the associated medical certificate may be suspended or revoked if the applicant provides incomplete, inaccurate or false statements on their medical history to the AME or AeMC. (c) The AME or AeMC should give advice to the applicant on treatment and preventive measures if, during the course of the examination, medical conditions which may endanger the medical fitness of the applicant in the future are found. GM1 ATCO.MED.A.025 Obligations of AeMC and AME

GUIDELINES FOR THE AEMC AND AME CONDUCTING THE AERO-MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENTS FOR CLASS 3 MEDICAL CERTIFICATES

(a) Before performing the aero-medical examination, the AeMC or AME should: (1) verify the applicant’s identity by checking their identity card, passport, driving licence or other official document containing a photograph of the applicant; (2) obtain details of the applicant’s licence from the applicant’s licensing authority if they do not have their licence with them; (3) obtain details of the applicant’s most recent medical certificate from the applicant’s licensing authority if they do not have their certificate with them; (4) in the case of a specific medical examination (SIC) on the existing medical certificate, obtain details of the specific medical condition and any associated instructions from the applicant’s licensing authority. This could include, for example, a requirement to undergo a specific examination or test; (5) except for initial applicants, ascertain, from the previous medical certificate, which routine medical test(s) should be conducted, for example electrocardiogram (ECG); (6) provide the applicant with the application form for a medical certificate and the instructions for its completion and ask the applicant to complete the form but not to sign it yet; (7) go through the form with the applicant and give information to help the applicant understand the significance of the entries and ask any questions which might help the applicant to recall important historical medical data; and (8) verify that the form is complete and legible, ask the applicant to sign and date the form and then sign it as well. If the applicant declines to complete the application form fully or declines to sign the declaration consent to the release of medical information, inform the applicant that it may not be possible to issue a medical certificate regardless of the outcome of the clinical examination. (b) Once all the items in (a) have been addressed, the AeMC or AME should: (1) perform the aero-medical examination of the applicant in accordance with the applicable rules; (2) arrange for additional specialist medical examinations, such as otorhinolaryngology or ophthalmology, to be conducted as applicable and obtain the associated report forms or reports; (3) complete the aero-medical examination report form in accordance with the associated instructions for completion; and (4) ensure that all of the report forms are complete, accurate and legible. (c) Once all the actions in (b) have been carried out, the AeMC or AME should review the report forms and: (1) if satisfied that the applicant meets the applicable medical requirements as set out in this Part, issue a medical certificate, with limitations if necessary. The applicant should sign the certificate once signed by the AeMC or AME; or (2) if the applicant does not meet the applicable medical requirements or if the fitness of the applicant is in doubt: (i) refer the decision on medical fitness to the licensing authority as indicated in ATCO.MED.B.001; or (ii) deny issuance of a medical certificate, explain the reason(s) for denial to the applicant and inform them of their right of a review according to the procedures of the competent authority. (d) The AeMC or AME should send the documents as required by ATCO.MED.A.025(b) to the applicant’s licensing authority within five days from the date of the aero-medical examination. If a medical certificate has been denied or the decision has been referred, the documents should be sent to the licensing authority on the same day that the denial or referral decision is reached. SECTION 2 – REQUIREMENTS FOR MEDICAL CERTIFICATES AMC1 ATCO.MED.A.035 Application for a medical certificate Except for initial applicants, when applicants do not present the most recent medical certificate to the AeMC or AME prior to the relevant examinations, the AeMC or AME should not issue the medical certificate unless relevant information is received from the licensing authority.

SUBPART B – SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 3 MEDICAL CERTIFICATES

SECTION 1 – GENERAL AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.001 Limitations to medical certificates (a) An AeMC or AME may refer the decision on fitness of an applicant to the licensing authority in borderline cases or where fitness is in doubt. (b) In cases where a fit assessment may only be considered with a limitation, the AeMC, AME or the licensing authority should evaluate the medical condition of the applicant with appropriate personnel from the air traffic services provider and other experts, if necessary. (c) Entry of limitations (1) Limitations TML, VDL, VML, VNL, CCL, HAL, RXO may be imposed by an AME or an AeMC. (2) Limitations VXL and VXN should be imposed with advice of the air traffic services provider. (3) Limitations SIC and SSL should only be imposed by the licensing authority. (d) Removal of limitations All limitations should only be removed by the licensing authority. AMC2 ATCO.MED.B.001 Limitations to medical certificates

LIMITATION CODES

(a) The following abbreviations for limitations should be used on the medical certificate as applicable:

Code Limitation

TML Restriction of the period of validity of the medical certificate VDL Wear correction for defective distant vision and carry spare set of spectacles VXL Correction for defective distant vision depending on the working environment VML Wear correction for defective distant, intermediate and near vision and carry spare set of spectacles VNL Have correction available for defective near vision and carry spare set of spectacles

VXN Correction for defective near vision; correction for defective distant vision depending on the working environment RXO Specialist ophthalmological examinations CCL Correction by means of contact lenses HAL Valid only when hearing aids are worn SIC Specific medical examination(s) SSL Special restrictions as specified

(b) The abbreviations for the limitation codes should be explained to the holder of a medical certificate as follows: (1) TML — Time limitation The period of validity of the medical certificate is limited to the duration as shown on the medical certificate. This period of validity commences on the date of the aero-medical examination. Any period of validity remaining on the previous medical certificate is no longer valid. The holder of a medical certificate should present him/herself for reassessment or examination when advised and should follow any medical recommendations. (2) VDL — Wear corrective lenses and carry a spare set of spectacles Correction for defective distant vision: whilst exercising the privileges of the licence, the holder of a medical certificate should wear spectacles or contact lenses that correct for defective distant vision as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. Contact lenses may not be worn until cleared to do so by an AeMC or AME. A spare set of spectacles, approved by the AeMC or AME, should be readily available. (3) VXL — Correction for defective distant vision depending on the working environment Correction for defective distant vision does not have to be worn if the air traffic controller’s visual working environment is in the area of up to 100 cm. Applicants who do not meet the uncorrected distant visual acuity requirement but meet the visual acuity requirement for intermediate and near vision without correction and whose visual working environment is only the intermediate and near vision area (up to 100 cm) may work without corrective lenses. (4) VML — Wear multifocal spectacles and carry a spare set of spectacles Correction for defective distant, intermediate and near vision: whilst exercising the privileges of the licence, the holder of a medical certificate should wear spectacles that correct for defective distant, intermediate and near vision as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. Contact lenses or full-frame spectacles, when either correct for near vision only, may not be worn. (5) VNL — Have available corrective spectacles and a spare set of spectacles Correction for defective near vision: whilst exercising the privileges of the licence, the holder of a medical certificate should have readily available spectacles that correct for defective near vision as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. Contact lenses or full-frame spectacles, when either correct for near vision only, may not be worn. (6) VXN — Have available corrective spectacles and a spare set of spectacles; correction for defective distant vision depending on the working environment. Correction for defective distant vision does not have to be worn if the air traffic controller’s visual working environment is in the area of up to 100 cm. Applicants who do not meet the uncorrected distant and uncorrected near visual acuity requirements, but meet the visual acuity requirement for intermediate vision without correction and whose visual working environment is only the intermediate and near vision area (up to 100 cm) should have readily available spectacles and a spare set that correct for defective near vision as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. Contact lenses or full-frame spectacles, when either correct for near vision only, may not be worn. (7) CCL — Wear contact lenses that correct for defective vision Correction for defective distant vision: whilst exercising the privileges of the licence, the holder of a medical certificate should wear contact lenses that correct for defective distant vision, as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. A spare set of similarly correcting spectacles shall be readily available for immediate use whilst exercising the privileges of the licence. (8) RXO — Specialist ophthalmological examination(s) Specialist ophthalmological examination(s), other than the examinations stipulated in this Part, are required for a significant reason. (9) HAL — Hearing aid(s) Whilst exercising the privileges of the licence, the holder of the medical certificate should use hearing aid(s) that compensate(s) for defective hearing as examined and approved by the AeMC or AME. A spare set of batteries should be available. (10) SIC — Specific medical examination(s) This limitation requires the AeMC or AME to contact the licensing authority before embarking upon renewal or revalidation aero-medical assessment. It is likely to concern a medical history of which the AME should be aware prior to undertaking the aeromedical assessment. (11) SSL — Special restrictions as specified This limitation may be considered when an individually specified limitation, not defined in this paragraph, is appropriate to mitigate an increased level of risk to the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. The description of the SSL should be entered on the medical certificate or in a separate document to be carried with the medical certificate. SECTION 2 – SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 3 MEDICAL CERTIFICATES AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system (a) Electrocardiography (1) An exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) when required as part of a cardiovascular assessment should be symptom-limited and completed to a minimum of Bruce Stage IV or equivalent. (2) Reporting of resting and exercise ECGs should be carried out by the AME or an appropriate specialist. (b) General (1) Cardiovascular risk factor assessment (i) Serum/plasma lipid estimation is case finding and significant abnormalities should require investigation and management under the supervision of the AeMC or AME in consultation with the licensing authority if necessary. (ii) An accumulation of risk factors (smoking, family history, lipid abnormalities, hypertension, etc.) should require cardiovascular evaluation by the AeMC or AME in consultation with the licensing authority if necessary. (2) Extended cardiovascular assessment (i) The extended cardiovascular assessment should be undertaken at an AeMC or by a cardiologist. (ii) The extended cardiovascular assessment should include an exercise ECG or other test that will provide equivalent information. (c) Peripheral arterial disease Applicants with peripheral arterial disease, before or after surgery, should undergo satisfactory cardiological evaluation including an exercise ECG and 2D echocardiography. Further tests may be required which should show no evidence of myocardial ischaemia or significant coronary artery stenosis. A fit assessment may be considered provided: (1) the exercise ECG is satisfactory; and (2) there is no sign of significant coronary artery disease or evidence of significant atheroma elsewhere, and no functional impairment of the end organ supplied. (d) Aortic aneurysm (1) Applicants with an aneurysm of the infra-renal abdominal aorta may be assessed as fit following a satisfactory cardiological evaluation. (2) Applicants may be assessed as fit after surgery for an aneurysm of the thoracic or abdominal aorta if the blood pressure and cardiovascular evaluation are satisfactory. Regular evaluations by a cardiologist should be carried out. (e) Cardiac valvular abnormalities (1) Applicants with previously unrecognised cardiac murmurs should require cardiological evaluation. If considered significant, further investigation should include at least 2D Doppler echocardiography. (2) Applicants with minor cardiac valvular abnormalities may be assessed as fit by the licensing authority. Applicants with significant abnormality of any of the heart valves should be assessed as unfit. (3) Aortic valve disease (i) Applicants with bicuspid aortic valve may be assessed as fit if no other cardiac or aortic abnormality is demonstrated. Regular cardiological follow-up, including 2D Doppler echocardiography, may be required. (ii) Applicants with mild aortic stenosis may be assessed as fit. Annual cardiological follow-up may be required and should include 2D Doppler echocardiography. (iii) Applicants with aortic regurgitation may be assessed as fit only if regurgitation is minor and there is no evidence of volume overload. There should be no demonstrable abnormality of the ascending aorta on 2D Doppler echocardiography. Cardiological follow-up including 2D Doppler echocardiography may be required. (4) Mitral valve disease (i) Applicants with rheumatic mitral stenosis may only be assessed as fit in favourable cases after cardiological evaluation including 2D echocardiography. (ii) Applicants with uncomplicated minor regurgitation may be assessed as fit. Regular cardiological follow-up including 2D echocardiography may be required. (iii) Applicants with mitral valve prolapse and mild mitral regurgitation may be assessed as fit. (iv) Applicants with evidence of volume overloading of the left ventricle demonstrated by increased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter should be assessed as unfit. (f) Valvular surgery Applicants with cardiac valve replacement/repair should be assessed as unfit. After a satisfactory cardiological evaluation, fit assessment may be considered. (1) Asymptomatic applicants may be assessed as fit by the licensing authority six months after valvular surgery subject to: (i) normal valvular and ventricular function as judged by 2D Doppler echocardiography; (ii) satisfactory symptom-limited exercise ECG or equivalent; (iii) demonstrated absence of coronary artery disease unless this has been satisfactorily treated by re-vascularisation; (iv) no cardioactive medication is required; (v) annual cardiological follow-up to include an exercise ECG and 2D Doppler echocardiography. Longer periods may be acceptable once a stable condition has been confirmed by cardiological evaluations. (2) Applicants with implanted mechanical valves may be assessed as fit subject to documented exemplary control of their anti-coagulant therapy. Age factors should form part of the risk assessment. (g) Thromboembolic disorders Applicants with arterial or venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism should be assessed as unfit during the first six months of anticoagulation. A fit assessment, with a limitation if necessary, may be considered by the licensing authority after six months of stable anticoagulation. Anticoagulation should be considered stable if, within the last six months, at least five international normalised ratio (INR) values are documented, of which at least four are within the INR target range and the haemorrhagic risk is acceptable. In cases of anticoagulation medication not requiring INR monitoring, a fit assessment may be considered after review by the licensing authority after a period of three months. Applicants with pulmonary embolism should also be evaluated by a cardiologist. Following cessation of anticoagulant therapy, for any indication, applicants should undergo a reassessment by the licensing authority. (h) Other cardiac disorders (1) Applicants with a primary or secondary abnormality of the pericardium, myocardium or endocardium should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered following complete resolution and satisfactory cardiological evaluation which may include 2D Doppler echocardiography, exercise ECG, 24-hour ambulatory ECG, and/or myocardial perfusion scan or equivalent test. Coronary angiography may be indicated. Regular cardiological follow-up may be required. (2) Applicants with a congenital abnormality of the heart should be assessed as unfit. Applicants following surgical correction or with minor abnormalities that are functionally unimportant may be assessed as fit following cardiological assessment. No cardioactive medication is acceptable. Investigations may include 2D Doppler echocardiography, exercise ECG and 24-hour ambulatory ECG. Regular cardiological follow-up may be required. (i) Syncope (1) Applicants with a history of recurrent episodes of syncope should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered after a sufficient period of time without recurrence provided cardiological evaluation is satisfactory. (2) A cardiological evaluation should include: (i) a satisfactory symptom exercise ECG. If the exercise ECG is abnormal, a myocardial perfusion scan or equivalent test should be required; (ii) a 2D Doppler echocardiogram showing neither significant selective chamber enlargement nor structural or functional abnormality of the heart, valves or myocardium; (iii) a 24-hour ambulatory ECG recording showing no conduction disturbance, complex or sustained rhythm disturbance or evidence of myocardial ischaemia; (iv) a tilt test carried out to a standard protocol showing no evidence of vasomotor instability. (3) Neurological review should be required. (j) Blood pressure (1) Anti-hypertensive treatment should be agreed by the licensing authority. Medication may include: (i) non-loop diuretic agents; (ii) Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; (iii) angiotensin II receptor blocking agents; (iv) long-acting slow channel calcium blocking agents; (v) certain (generally hydrophilic) beta-blocking agents. (2) Following initiation of medication for the control of blood pressure, applicants should be re-assessed to verify that the treatment is compatible with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (k) Coronary artery disease (1) Applicants with chest pain of an uncertain cause should undergo a full investigation before a fit assessment may be considered. Applicants with angina pectoris should be assessed as unfit, whether or not it is abolished by medication. (2) Applicants with suspected asymptomatic coronary artery disease should undergo a cardiological evaluation including exercise ECG. Further tests (myocardial perfusion scanning, stress echocardiography, coronary angiography or equivalent) may be required, which should show no evidence of myocardial ischaemia or significant coronary artery stenosis. (3) After an ischaemic cardiac event, including revascularisation, applicants without symptoms should have reduced any vascular risk factors to an appropriate level. Medication, when used to control cardiac symptoms, is not acceptable. All applicants should be on acceptable secondary prevention treatment. (i) A coronary angiogram obtained around the time of, or during, the ischaemic myocardial event and a complete, detailed clinical report of the ischaemic event and of any operative procedures should be available. (A) there should be no stenosis more than 50 % in any major untreated vessel, in any vein or artery graft or at the site of an angioplasty/stent, except in a vessel subtending a myocardial infarction; (B) the whole coronary vascular tree should be assessed as satisfactory by a cardiologist, and particular attention should be paid to multiple stenoses and/or multiple revascularisations; (C) an untreated stenosis greater than 30 % in the left main or proximal left anterior descending coronary artery should not be acceptable. (ii) At least six months from the ischaemic myocardial event, including revascularisation, the following investigations should be completed: (A) an exercise ECG showing neither evidence of myocardial ischaemia nor rhythm or conduction disturbance; (B) an echocardiogram or equivalent test showing satisfactory left ventricular function with no important abnormality of wall motion (such as dyskinesia or akinesia) and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 50 % or more; (C) in cases of angioplasty/stenting, a myocardial perfusion scan or equivalent test, which should show no evidence of reversible myocardial ischaemia. If there is any doubt about myocardial perfusion, in other cases (infarction or bypass grafting), a perfusion scan should also be required; (D) further investigations, such as a 24-hour ECG, may be necessary to assess the risk of any significant rhythm disturbance. (iii) Follow-up should be conducted annually (or more frequently, if necessary) to ensure that there is no deterioration of the cardiovascular status. It should include a cardiological evaluation, exercise ECG and cardiovascular risk assessment. Additional investigations may be required. (iv) After coronary artery vein bypass grafting, a myocardial perfusion scan or equivalent test should be performed on clinical indication, and in all cases within five years from the procedure. (v) In all cases, coronary angiography, or an equivalent test, should be considered at any time if symptoms, signs or non-invasive tests indicate myocardial ischaemia. (vi) Applicants may be assessed as fit after successful completion of the three-month or subsequent review. (l) Rhythm and conduction disturbances (1) Applicants with any significant rhythm or conduction disturbance may be assessed as fit after cardiological evaluation and with appropriate follow-up. Such evaluation should include: (i) exercise ECG which should show no significant abnormality of rhythm or conduction, and no evidence of myocardial ischaemia. Withdrawal of cardioactive medication prior to the test should be required; (ii) 24-hour ambulatory ECG which should demonstrate no significant rhythm or conduction disturbance; (iii) 2D Doppler echocardiogram which should show no significant selective chamber enlargement or significant structural or functional abnormality, and a left ventricular ejection fraction of at least 50 %. Further evaluation may include: (iv) 24-hour ECG recording repeated as necessary; (v) electrophysiological study; (vi) myocardial perfusion imaging or equivalent test; (vii) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or equivalent test; (viii) coronary angiogram or equivalent test. (2) Applicants with supraventricular or ventricular ectopic complexes on a resting ECG may require no further evaluation, provided the frequency can be shown to be no greater than one per minute, for example on an extended ECG strip. Applicants with asymptomatic isolated uniform ventricular ectopic complexes may be assessed as fit, but frequent or complex forms require full cardiological evaluation. (3) Where anticoagulation is needed for a rhythm disturbance, a fit assessment may be considered if the haemorrhagic risk is acceptable and the anticoagulation is stable. Anticoagulation should be considered stable if, within the last six months, at least five INR values are documented, of which at least four are within the INR target range. In cases of anticoagulation medication not requiring INR monitoring, a fit assessment with an appropriate limitation may be considered after review by the licensing authority after a period of three months. (4) Ablation (i) Applicants who have undergone ablation therapy should be assessed as unfit for a minimum period of two months. (ii) A fit assessment may be considered following successful catheter ablation provided an electrophysiological study (EPS) demonstrates satisfactory control has been achieved. (iii) Where EPS is not performed, longer periods of unfitness and cardiological followup should be considered. (iv) Follow-up should include a cardiological review. (5) Supraventricular arrhythmias Applicants with significant disturbance of supraventricular rhythm, including sinoatrial dysfunction, whether intermittent or established, should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered if cardiological evaluation is satisfactory. (i) For initial applicants with atrial fibrillation/flutter, a fit assessment should be limited to those with a single episode of arrhythmia which is considered to be unlikely to recur. (ii) For revalidation, applicants may be assessed as fit if cardiological evaluation is satisfactory and the stroke risk is sufficiently low. A fit assessment may be considered after a period of stable anticoagulation as prophylaxis, after review by the licensing authority. Anticoagulation should be considered stable if, within the last six months, at least five INR values are documented, of which at least four are within the INR target range. In cases of anticoagulation medication not requiring INR monitoring, a fit assessment may be considered after review by the licensing authority after a period of three months. (iii) Applicants with asymptomatic sinus pauses up to 2.5 seconds on a resting ECG may be assessed as fit if exercise ECG, 2D echocardiography and 24-hour ambulatory ECG are satisfactory. (iv) Applicants with symptomatic sino-atrial disease should be assessed as unfit. (6) Mobitz type 2 atrio-ventricular block Applicants with Mobitz type 2 AV block may be assessed as fit after a full cardiological evaluation confirms the absence of distal conducting tissue disease. (7) Complete right bundle branch block Applicants with complete right bundle branch block should require cardiological evaluation on first presentation. (8) Complete left bundle branch block A fit assessment may be considered as follows: (i) Initial applicants may be assessed as fit after full cardiological evaluation showing no pathology. Depending on the clinical situation, a period of stability may be required. (ii) Applicants for revalidation or renewal of a medical certificate with a de-novo left bundle branch block may be assessed as fit after cardiological evaluation showing no pathology. A period of stability may be required. (iii) A cardiological evaluation should be required after 12 months in all cases. (9) Ventricular pre-excitation Applicants with pre-excitation may be assessed as fit if they are asymptomatic, and an electrophysiological study, including an adequate drug-induced autonomic stimulation protocol, reveals no inducible re-entry tachycardia and the existence of multiple pathways is excluded. Cardiological follow-up should be required including a 24-hour ambulatory ECG recording showing no tendency to symptomatic or asymptomatic tachyarrhythmia. (10) Pacemaker Applicants with a subendocardial pacemaker may be assessed as fit three months after insertion provided: (i) there is no other disqualifying condition; (ii) bipolar lead systems programmed in bipolar mode without automatic mode change have been used; (iii) that the applicant is not pacemaker dependent; (iv) regular cardiological follow-up should include a symptom-limited exercise ECG that shows no abnormality or evidence of myocardial ischaemia. (11) QT prolongation Applicants with asymptomatic QT-prolongation may be assessed as fit subject to a satisfactory cardiological evaluation. (12) Brugada pattern on electrocardiography Applicants with a Brugada pattern Type 1 should be assessed as unfit. Applicants with Type 2 or Type 3 may be assessed as fit, with limitations as appropriate, subject to satisfactory cardiological evaluation. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system

MITRAL VALVE DISEASE

(a) Minor regurgitation should have evidence of no thickened leaflets or flail chordae and left atrial internal diameter of less than or equal to 4.0 cm. (b) The following may indicate severe regurgitation: (1) LV internal diameter (diastole) > 6.0 cm; or (2) LV internal diameter (systole) > 4.1 cm; or (3) Left atrial internal diameter > 4.5 cm. (c) Doppler indices, such as width of jet, backwards extension and whether there is flow reversal in the pulmonary veins may be helpful in assessing severity of regurgitation. GM2 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system

VENTRICULAR PRE-EXCITATION

(a) Asymptomatic applicants with pre-excitation may be assessed as fit at revalidation if they meet the following criteria: (1) no inducible re-entry; (2) refractory period > 300 ms; (3) no induced atrial fibrillation. (b) There should be no evidence of multiple accessory pathways. GM3 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system

COMPLETE LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK

Left bundle branch block is more commonly associated with coronary artery disease and, thus, requires more in-depth investigation, which may be invasive. GM4 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system

PACEMAKER

(a) Scintigraphy may be helpful in the presence of conduction disturbance/paced complexes in the resting ECG. (b) Experience has shown that any failures of pacemakers are most likely to occur in the first three months after being fitted. Therefore, a fit assessment should not be considered before this period has elapsed. (c) It is known that certain operational equipment may interfere with the performance of the pacemaker. The type of pacemaker used, therefore, should have been tested to ensure it does not suffer from interference in the operational environment. Supporting data and a performance statement to this effect should be available from the supplier. GM5 ATCO.MED.B.010 Cardiovascular system

ANTICOAGULATION

Applicants and licence holders taking anticoagulant medication which requires monitoring with INR testing, should measure their INR on a ‘near patient’ testing system within 12 hours prior to starting a shift pattern and then at least every three days during the shift pattern. The privileges of the licence should only be exercised if the INR is within the target range. The INR result should be recorded and the results should be reviewed at each aero-medical assessment. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.015 Respiratory system (a) Examination (1) Spirometric examination is required for initial examination. An FEV1/FVC ratio less than 70 % should require evaluation by a specialist in respiratory disease before a fit assessment can be considered. (2) Posterior/anterior chest radiography may be required at initial, revalidation or renewal examinations when indicated on clinical or epidemiological grounds. (b) Chronic obstructive airways disease Applicants with chronic obstructive airways disease should be assessed as unfit. Applicants with only minor impairment of their pulmonary function may be assessed as fit after specialist respiratory evaluation. Applicants with pulmonary emphysema may be assessed as fit following specialist evaluation showing that the condition is stable and not causing significant symptoms. (c) Asthma Applicants with asthma requiring medication or experiencing recurrent attacks of asthma may be assessed as fit if the asthma is considered stable with satisfactory pulmonary function tests and medication is compatible with the safe execution of the privileges of the licence. Use of low dose systemic steroids may be acceptable. (d) Inflammatory disease (1) For applicants with active inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, a fit assessment may be considered when the condition has resolved without sequelae and no medication is required. (2) Applicants with chronic inflammatory diseases may be assessed as fit following specialist evaluation showing mild disease with acceptable pulmonary function test and medication compatible with the safe execution of the privileges of the licence. (e) Sarcoidosis (1) Applicants with active sarcoidosis should be assessed as unfit. Specialist evaluation should be undertaken with respect to the possibility of systemic, particularly cardiac, involvement. A fit assessment may be considered if no medication is required, and the disease is limited to hilar lymphadenopathy and inactive. Use of low dose systemic steroids may be acceptable. (2) Applicants with cardiac or neurological sarcoid should be assessed as unfit. (f) Pneumothorax Applicants with a spontaneous pneumothorax should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered: (1) six weeks after the event provided full recovery from a single event has been confirmed in a full respiratory evaluation including a CT scan or equivalent; (2) following surgical intervention in the case of a recurrent pneumothorax provided there is satisfactory recovery. (g) Thoracic surgery (1) Applicants requiring thoracic surgery should be assessed as unfit until such time as the effects of the operation are no longer likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (2) A fit assessment may be considered after satisfactory recovery and full respiratory evaluation including a CT scan or equivalent. The underlying pathology which necessitated the surgery should be considered in the aero-medical assessment. (h) Sleep apnoea syndrome/sleep disorder (1) Applicants with unsatisfactorily treated sleep apnoea syndrome and suffering from excessive daytime sleepiness should be assessed as unfit. (2) A fit assessment may be considered subject to the extent of symptoms, including vigilance, and satisfactory treatment. ATCO operational experience, sleep apnoea syndrome/sleep disorder education and work place considerations are essential components of the aero-medical assessment. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.020 Digestive system (a) Oesophageal varices Applicants with oesophageal varices should be assessed as unfit. (b) Pancreatitis (1) Applicants with pancreatitis should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered if the cause (e.g. gallstone, other obstruction, medication) is removed. (2) Alcohol may be a cause of dyspepsia and pancreatitis. If considered appropriate, a full evaluation of its use or misuse should be undertaken. (c) Gallstones (1) Applicants with a single large gallstone may be assessed as fit after evaluation. (2) Applicants with multiple gallstones may be assessed as fit while awaiting treatment provided the symptoms are unlikely to interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (d) Inflammatory bowel disease Applicants with an established diagnosis or history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease may be assessed as fit if the disease is in established stable remission, and only minimal, if any, medication is being taken. Regular follow-up should be required. (e) Dyspepsia Applicants with recurrent dyspepsia requiring medication should be investigated by internal examination including radiologic or endoscopic examination. Laboratory testing should include haemoglobin assessment and faecal examination. Any demonstrated ulceration or significant inflammation requires evidence of recovery before a fit assessment may be considered. (f) Digestive tract and abdominal surgery Applicants who have undergone a surgical operation on the digestive tract or its adnexa, including a total or partial excision or a diversion of any of these organs, should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered if recovery is complete, the applicant is asymptomatic and the risk of secondary complication or recurrence is minimal. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.025 Metabolic and endocrine system (a) Metabolic, nutritional or endocrine dysfunction Applicants with metabolic, nutritional or endocrine dysfunction may be assessed as fit if the condition is asymptomatic, clinically compensated and stable with or without replacement therapy, and regularly reviewed by an appropriate specialist. (b) Obesity (1) Applicants with a Body Mass Index  35 may be assessed as fit only if the excess weight is not likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence and a satisfactory cardiovascular risk review and evaluation of the possibility of sleep apnoea syndrome has been undertaken. (2) Functional testing in the working environment may be necessary before a fit assessment may be considered. (c) Thyroid dysfunction Applicants with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism should attain a stable euthyroid state before a fit assessment may be considered. (d) Abnormal glucose metabolism Glycosuria and abnormal blood glucose levels require investigation. A fit assessment may be considered if normal glucose tolerance is demonstrated (low renal threshold) or impaired glucose tolerance without diabetic pathology is fully controlled by diet and regularly reviewed. (e) Diabetes mellitus (1) The following medication, alone and in combination, may be acceptable for control of type 2 diabetes: (i) alpha-glucosidase inhibitors; (ii) medication that acts on the incretin pathway; (iii) biguanides. (2) A fit assessment may be considered after evaluation of the operational environment, including means of glucose monitoring/management whilst performing rated duties, and with demonstrated exemplary glycaemic control. (3) Annual follow-up by a specialist should be required including demonstration of absence of complications, good glycaemic control demonstrated by six-monthly HbA1c measurements, and a normal exercise tolerance test. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.030 Haematology (a) Anaemia (1) Anaemia demonstrated by a reduced haemoglobin level should require investigation. A fit assessment may be considered in cases where the primary cause has been treated (e.g. iron or B12 deficiency) and the haemoglobin or haematocrit has stabilised at a satisfactory level. The recommended range of the haemoglobin level is 11–17 g/dl. (2) Anaemia which is unamenable to treatment should be disqualifying. (b) Haemoglobinopathy Applicants with a haemoglobinopathy should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered where minor thalassaemia, sickle cell disease or other haemoglobinopathy is diagnosed without a history of crises and where full functional capability is demonstrated. (c) Coagulation disorders (1) Significant coagulation disorders require investigation. A fit assessment may be considered if there is no history of significant bleeding or clotting episodes and the haematological data indicate that it is safe to do so. (2) If anticoagulant therapy is prescribed, AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.010(g) should be followed. (d) Disorders of the lymphatic system Lymphatic enlargement requires investigation. A fit assessment may be considered in cases of an acute infectious process which is fully recovered, or Hodgkin’s lymphoma, or other lymphoid malignancy which has been treated and is in full remission, or that requires minimal or no treatment. (e) Leukaemia (1) Applicants with acute leukaemia should be assessed as unfit. Once in established remission, applicants may be assessed as fit. (2) Applicants with chronic leukaemia should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered after remission and a period of demonstrated stability. (3) Applicants with a history of leukaemia should have no history of central nervous system involvement and no continuing side effects from treatment which are likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. Haemoglobin and platelet levels should be satisfactory. (4) Regular follow-up is required in all cases of leukaemia. (f) Splenomegaly Splenomegaly requires investigation. A fit assessment may be considered if the enlargement is minimal, stable and no associated pathology is demonstrated, or if the enlargement is minimal and associated with another acceptable condition. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.030 Haematology

HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA

Due to potential side effects of specific chemotherapeutic agents, the precise regime utilised should be taken into account. GM2 ATCO.MED.B.030 Haematology

CHRONIC LEUKAEMIA

A fit assessment may be considered if the chronic leukaemia has been diagnosed as: (a) lymphatic at stages 0, I, and possibly II without anaemia and minimal treatment; or (b) stable ‘hairy cell’ leukaemia with normal haemoglobin and platelets. GM3 ATCO.MED.B.030 Haematology

SPLENOMEGALY

(a) Splenomegaly should not preclude a fit assessment, but should be assessed on an individual basis. (b) Associated pathology of splenomegaly is e.g. treated chronic malaria. (c) An acceptable condition associated with splenomegaly is e.g. Hodgkin’s lymphoma in remission. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.035 Genitourinary system (a) Abnormal urinalysis Any abnormal finding on urinalysis requires investigation. This investigation should include proteinuria, haematuria and glycosuria. (b) Renal disease (1) Applicants presenting with any signs of renal disease should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered if blood pressure is satisfactory and renal function is acceptable. (2) Applicants requiring dialysis should be assessed as unfit. (c) Urinary calculi (1) Applicants with an asymptomatic calculus or a history of renal colic require investigation. A fit assessment may be considered after successful treatment for a calculus and with appropriate follow-up. (2) Residual calculi should be disqualifying unless they are in a location where they are unlikely to move and give rise to symptoms. (d) Renal and urological surgery (1) Applicants who have undergone a major surgical operation on the genitourinary system or its adnexa involving a total or partial excision or a diversion of any of its organs should be assessed as unfit until recovery is complete, the applicant is asymptomatic and the risk of secondary complications is minimal. (2) Applicants with compensated nephrectomy without hypertension or uraemia may be assessed as fit. (3) Applicants who have undergone renal transplantation may be considered for a fit assessment if it is fully compensated and tolerated with only minimal immunosuppressive therapy after at least 12 months. (4) Applicants who have undergone total cystectomy may be considered for a fit assessment if there is satisfactory urinary function, no infection and no recurrence of primary pathology. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.040 Infectious disease (a) Infectious disease — General In cases of infectious disease, consideration should be given to a history of, or clinical signs indicating, underlying impairment of the immune system. (b) Tuberculosis (1) Applicants with active tuberculosis should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered following completion of therapy. (2) Applicants with quiescent or healed lesions may be assessed as fit. Specialist evaluation should consider the extent of the disease, the treatment required and possible side effects of medication. (c) Syphilis Applicants with acute syphilis should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered in the case of those fully treated and recovered from the primary and secondary stages. (d) HIV positivity (1) Applicants who are HIV positive may be assessed as fit if a full investigation provides no evidence of HIV associated diseases that might give rise to incapacitating symptoms. Frequent review of the immunological status and neurological evaluation by an appropriate specialist should be carried out. A cardiological review may also be required depending on medication. (2) Applicants with an AIDS defining condition should be assessed as unfit except in individual cases for revalidation of a medical certificate after complete recovery and dependent on the review. (3) The aero-medical assessment of individual cases under (1) and (2) should be dependent on the absence of symptoms or signs of the disease and the acceptability of serological markers. Treatment should be evaluated by a specialist on an individual basis for its appropriateness and any side effects. (e) Infectious hepatitis Applicants with infectious hepatitis should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered once the applicant has become asymptomatic after treatment and specialist evaluation. Regular review of the liver function should be carried out. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.040 Infectious disease

HIV INFECTION

(a) There is no requirement for routine testing of HIV status, but testing may be carried out on clinical indication. (b) If HIV positivity has been confirmed, a process of rigorous aero-medical assessment and followup should be introduced to enable individuals to continue working provided their ability to exercise their licenced privileges to the required level of safety is not impaired. The operational environment should be considered in the decision-making. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.045 Obstetrics and gynaecology (a) Gynaecological surgery Applicants who have undergone a major gynaecological operation should be assessed as unfit until recovery is complete, the applicant is asymptomatic and the risk of secondary complications or recurrence is minimal. (b) Pregnancy (1) A pregnant licence holder may be assessed as fit during the first 34 weeks of gestation provided obstetric evaluation continuously indicates a normal pregnancy. (2) The AeMC or AME or the licensing authority should provide written advice to the applicant and the supervising physician regarding potentially significant complications of pregnancy which may negatively influence the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.050 Musculoskeletal system (a) Applicants with any significant sequelae from disease, injury or congenital abnormality affecting the bones, joints, muscles or tendons with or without surgery require full evaluation prior to a fit assessment. (b) Abnormal physique, including obesity, or muscular weakness may require aero-medical assessment and particular attention should be paid to an aero-medical assessment in the working environment. (c) Locomotor dysfunction, amputations, malformations, loss of function and progressive osteoarthritic disorders should be assessed on an individual basis in conjunction with the appropriate operational expert with a knowledge of the complexity of the tasks of the applicant. (d) Applicants with inflammatory, infiltrative or degenerative disease of the musculoskeletal system may be assessed as fit provided the condition is in remission and the medication is acceptable. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.055 Psychiatry (a) Disorders due to alcohol or other substance use (1) A fit assessment may be considered after successful treatment, a period of documented sobriety or freedom from substance use, and review by a psychiatric specialist. The licensing authority, with the advice of the psychiatric specialist, should determine the duration of the period to be observed before a medical certificate can be issued. (2) Depending on the individual case, treatment may include in-patient treatment of some weeks. (3) Continuous follow-up, including blood testing and peer reports, may be required indefinitely. (b) Mood disorder Applicants with an established mood disorder should be assessed as unfit. After full recovery and after full consideration of an individual case, a fit assessment may be considered depending on the characteristics and gravity of the mood disorder. If stability on maintenance psychotropic medication is confirmed, a fit assessment with an appropriate limitation may be considered. If the dosage of the medication is changed, a further period of unfit assessment should be required. Regular specialist supervision should be required. (c) Psychotic disorder Applicants with a history, or the occurrence, of a functional psychotic disorder should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered if a cause can be unequivocally identified as one which is transient, has ceased and the risk of recurrence is minimal. (d) Deliberate self-harm Applicants who have carried out a single self-destructive action or repeated acts of deliberate self-harm should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered after full consideration of an individual case which may require psychiatric or psychological evaluation. Neuropsychological evaluation may also be required. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.060 Psychology (a) If a psychological evaluation is indicated, it should be carried out by a psychologist taking into account the ATC environment and the associated risks. (b) Where there is established evidence that an applicant may have a psychological disorder, the applicant should be referred for psychological opinion and advice. (c) Established evidence should be verifiable information from an identifiable source related to the mental fitness or personality of a particular individual. Sources for this information can be accidents or incidents, problems in training or competence assessments, behaviour or knowledge relevant to the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (d) The psychological evaluation may include a collection of biographical data, the administration of aptitude, as well as personality tests and psychological interview. (e) The psychologist should submit a written report to the AME, AeMC or licensing authority as appropriate, detailing his/her opinion and recommendation. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.065 Neurology (a) Electroencephalography (EEG) (1) EEG should be carried out when indicated by the applicant’s history or on clinical grounds. (2) Epileptiform paroxysmal EEG abnormalities and focal slow waves should be disqualifying. A fit assessment may be considered after further evaluation. (b) Epilepsy (1) Applicants who have experienced one or more convulsive episodes after the age of five should be assessed as unfit. (2) A fit assessment may be considered if: (i) the applicant is seizure free and off medication for a period of at least 10 years; (ii) full neurological evaluation shows that a seizure was caused by a specific nonrecurrent cause, such as trauma or toxin. (3) Applicants who have experienced an episode of benign Rolandic seizure may be assessed as fit provided the seizure has been clearly diagnosed including a properly documented history and typical EEG result and the applicant has been free of symptoms and off treatment for at least 10 years. (c) Neurological disease Applicants with any stationary or progressive disease of the nervous system which has caused or is likely to cause a significant disability should be assessed as unfit. A fit assessment may be considered after full neurological evaluation in cases of minor functional losses associated with stationary disease. (d) Disturbance of consciousness Applicants with a history of one or more episodes of disturbed consciousness may be assessed as fit if the condition can be satisfactorily explained by a non-recurrent cause. A full neurological evaluation is required. (e) Head injury Applicants with a head injury which was severe enough to cause loss of consciousness or is associated with penetrating brain injury should be evaluated by a consultant neurologist. A fit assessment may be considered if there has been a full recovery and the risk of epilepsy is sufficiently low. Behavioural and cognitive aspects should be taken into account. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.070 Visual system (a) Eye examination (1) At each aero-medical revalidation examination, the visual fitness should be assessed and the eyes should be examined with regard to possible pathology. (2) All abnormal and doubtful cases should be referred to an ophthalmologist. Conditions which indicate ophthalmological examination include but are not limited to a substantial decrease in the uncorrected visual acuity, any decrease in best corrected visual acuity and/or the occurrence of eye disease, eye injury or eye surgery. (3) Where ophthalmological examinations are required for any significant reason, this should be imposed as a limitation on the medical certificate. (4) The effect of multiple eye conditions should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist with regard to possible cumulative effects. Functional testing in the working environment may be necessary to consider a fit assessment. (5) Visual acuity should be tested using Snellen charts, or equivalent, under appropriate illumination. Where clinical evidence suggests that Snellen may not be appropriate, Landolt ‘C’ may be used. (b) Comprehensive eye examination A comprehensive eye examination by an eye specialist is required at the initial examination. All abnormal and doubtful cases should be referred to an ophthalmologist. The examination should include: (1) history; (2) visual acuities — near, intermediate and distant vision; uncorrected and with best optical correction if needed; (3) objective refraction — hyperopic initial applicants with a hyperopia of more than +2 dioptres and under the age of 25 in cycloplegia; (4) ocular motility and binocular vision; (5) colour vision; (6) visual fields; (7) tonometry; (8) examination of the external eye, anatomy, media (slit lamp) and fundoscopy; (9) assessment of contrast and glare sensitivity. (c) Routine eye examination At each revalidation or renewal examination, the visual fitness should be assessed and the eyes should be examined with regard to possible pathology. All abnormal and doubtful cases should be referred to an ophthalmologist. This routine eye examination should include: (1) history; (2) visual acuities — near, intermediate and distant vision; uncorrected and with best optical correction if needed; (3) morphology by ophthalmoscopy; (4) further examination on clinical indication. (d) Refractive error (1) Applicants with a refractive error between +5.0/-6.0 dioptres may be assessed as fit provided optimal correction has been considered and no significant pathology is demonstrated. If the refractive error exceeds +3.0/-3.0 dioptres, a four-yearly follow-up by an eye specialist should be required. (2) Applicants with: (i) a refractive error exceeding -6 dioptres; (ii) an astigmatic component exceeding 3 dioptres; or (iii) anisometropia exceeding 3 dioptres; may be considered for a fit assessment if: (A) no significant pathology can be demonstrated; (B) optimal correction has been considered; (C) visual acuity is at least 6/6 (1.0) in each eye separately with normal visual fields while wearing the optimal spectacle correction; (D) two-yearly follow-up is undertaken by an eye specialist. (3) Applicants with hypermetropia exceeding +5.0 dioptres may be assessed as fit subject to a satisfactory ophthalmological evaluation provided there are adequate fusional reserves, normal intraocular pressures and anterior angles and no significant pathology has been demonstrated. Corrected visual acuity in each eye shall be 6/6 or better. (4) Applicants with a large refractive error shall use contact lenses or high-index spectacle lenses. (e) Convergence Applicants with convergence outside the normal range may be assessed as fit provided it does not interfere with near vision (30–50 cm) or intermediate vision (100 cm) with or without correction. (f) Substandard vision (1) Applicants with reduced central vision in one eye may be assessed as fit for a revalidation or renewal of a medical certificate if the binocular visual field is normal and the underlying pathology is acceptable according to ophthalmological evaluation. Testing should include functional testing in the appropriate working environment. Annex V to ED Decision 2026/004/R Page 29 of 208 (2) Applicants with acquired substandard vision in one eye (monocularity, functional monocular vision including eye muscle imbalance) may be assessed as fit for revalidation or renewal if the ophthalmological examination confirms that: (i) the better eye achieves distant visual acuity of 1.0 (6/6), corrected or uncorrected; (ii) the better eye achieves intermediate and near visual acuity of 0.7 (6/9), corrected or uncorrected; (iii) there is no significant ocular pathology; (iv) a functional test in the working environment is satisfactory; and (v) in the case of acute loss of vision in one eye, a period of adaptation time has passed from the known point of visual loss, during which the applicant is assessed as unfit. (3) An applicant with a monocular visual field defect may be assessed as fit if the binocular visual fields are normal. (g) Keratoconus Applicants with keratoconus may be considered for a fit assessment if the visual requirements are met with the use of corrective lenses and periodic review is undertaken by an ophthalmologist. (h) Heterophoria Applicants with heterophoria (imbalance of the ocular muscles) exceeding when measured with optimal correction, if prescribed: (1) at six metres: — 2.0 prism dioptres in hyperphoria, — 10.0 prism dioptres in esophoria, — 8.0 prism dioptres in exophoria — and (2) at 33 centimetres: — 1.0 prism dioptre in hyperphoria, — 8.0 prism dioptres in esophoria, — 12.0 prism dioptres in exophoria may be assessed as fit provided that orthoptic evaluation demonstrates that the fusional reserves are sufficient to prevent asthenopia and diplopia. The Netherlands Optical Society (TNO) testing or equivalent should be carried out to demonstrate fusion. (i) Eye surgery (1) After refractive surgery or surgery of the cornea including cross linking, a fit assessment may be considered, provided: (i) satisfactory stability of refraction has been achieved (less than 0.75 dioptres variation diurnally); (ii) examination of the eye shows no post-operative complications; (iii) glare sensitivity is normal; (iv) mesopic contrast sensitivity is not impaired; (v) evaluation is undertaken by an ophthalmologist. (2) Cataract surgery Following intraocular lens surgery, including cataract surgery, a fit assessment may be considered once recovery is complete and the visual requirements are met with or without correction. Intraocular lenses should be monofocal and should not impair colour vision. (3) Retinal surgery/retinal laser therapy (i) After successful retinal surgery, applicants may be assessed as fit once the recovery is complete. Annual ophthalmological follow-up may be necessary. Longer periods may be acceptable after two years on recommendation of the ophthalmologist. (ii) After successful retinal laser therapy, applicants may be assessed as fit provided an ophthalmological evaluation shows stability. (4) Glaucoma surgery A fit assessment may be considered six months after successful glaucoma surgery, or earlier if recovery is complete. Six-monthly ophthalmological examinations to follow up secondary complications caused by the glaucoma may be necessary. (5) Extraocular muscle surgery A fit assessment may be considered not less than six months after surgery and after a satisfactory ophthalmological evaluation. (j) Visual correction Spectacles should permit the licence holder to meet the visual requirements at all distances. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.070 Visual system

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT READING CHARTS (APPROXIMATE FIGURES)

(a) Test distance: 40 cm

Decimal Nieden Jäger Snellen N Parinaud

1,0 1 2 1,5 3 2 0,8 2 3 2 4 3 0,7 3 4 2,5 0,6 4 5 3 5 4 0,5 5 5 6 5 0,4 7 9 4 8 6 0,35 8 10 4,5 8 0,32 9 12 5,5 10 10 0,3 9 12 12 0,25 9 12 14 0,2 10 14 7,5 16 14 0,16 11 14 12 20

(b) Test distance: 80 cm

Decimal Nieden Jäger Snellen N Parinaud

1,2 4 5 3 5 4 1,0 5 5 6 5 0,8 7 9 4 8.0 6 0,7 8 10 4,5 8 0,63 9 12 5,5 10 10 0,6 9 12 12 10 0,5 9 12 14 10 0,4 10 14 7,5 16 14 0,32 11 14 12 20 14

AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.075 Colour vision (a) Pseudoisochromatic plate testing alone is not sufficient. (b) Colour vision should be assessed using means to demonstrate normal trichromacy. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.075 Colour vision The means to demonstrate normal trichromacy include: (a) anomaloscopy (Nagel or equivalent). This test is considered passed if the colour match is trichromatic and the matching range is four scale units or less; (b) Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (CAD) test. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.080 Otorhinolaryngology (a) Examination (1) An otorhinolaryngological examination includes: (i) history; (ii) clinical examination including otoscopy, rhinoscopy and examination of the mouth and throat; (iii) clinical examination of the vestibular system. (2) Ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialists involved in the aero-medical assessment of air traffic controllers should have an understanding of the functionality required by air traffic controllers whilst exercising the privileges of their licence(s). (3) Where a full aero-medical assessment and functional check are needed, due regard should be paid to the operational environment in which the operational functions are undertaken. (b) Hearing (1) The follow-up of an applicant with hypoacusis should be decided by the licensing authority. If at the next annual test there is no indication of further deterioration, the normal frequency of testing may be resumed. (2) An appropriate prosthetic aid may be a special headset with individual earpiece volume controls. Full functional and environmental assessments should be carried out with the chosen prosthetic equipment in use. (c) Ear conditions An applicant with a single dry perforation of non-infectious origin and which does not interfere with the normal function of the ear may be considered for a fit assessment. (d) Vestibular disturbance The presence of vestibular disturbance and spontaneous or positional nystagmus requires complete vestibular evaluation by a specialist. Significant abnormal caloric or rotational vestibular responses are disqualifying. At revalidation and renewal aero-medical examinations, abnormal vestibular responses should be assessed in their clinical context. (e) Speech disorder Applicants with a speech disorder should be assessed with due regard to the operational environment in which the operational functions are undertaken. Applicants with significant disorder of speech or voice should be assessed as unfit. GM1 ATCO.MED.B.080 Otorhinolaryngology

HEARING

(a) Speech discrimination test: discriminating speech against other noise including other sources of verbal communication and ambient noise in the working environment, but not against engine noise. (b) Functional hearing test: the objective of this test is to evaluate the controller’s ability to hear the full range of communications that occur in an operational environment and not just through a headset or speaker. (c) Prosthetic aid: the functional hearing test to be carried out with the prosthetic aid in use is to ensure that the individual is able to perform the functions of his/her licence and that the equipment is not adversely affected by interference from headsets or other factors. (d) Pure-tone audiometry: testing at frequencies at or above 4 000 Hz will aid the early diagnosis of acoustic neuroma, noise-induced hearing loss (NIH) and other disorders of hearing. Particular attention should be paid in cases where there is a significant difference between thresholds of the left and right ear. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.085 Dermatology (a) Referral to the licensing authority should be made if doubt exists about the fitness of an applicant with eczema (exogenous and endogenous), severe psoriasis, chronic infections, druginduced or bullous eruptions or urticaria. (b) Systemic effects of radiation or pharmacological treatment for a dermatological condition should be evaluated before a fit assessment may be considered. (c) An applicant with a skin condition that causes pain, discomfort, irritation or itching may only be assessed as fit if the condition can be controlled and does not interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (d) In cases where a dermatological condition is associated with a systemic illness, full consideration should be given to the underlying illness before a fit assessment may be considered. AMC1 ATCO.MED.B.090 Oncology (a) Applicants who have been diagnosed with a malignant disease may be assessed as fit provided: (1) after primary treatment there is no evidence of residual malignant disease likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence; (2) time appropriate to the type of tumour has elapsed since the end of primary treatment; (3) the risk of incapacitation from a recurrence or metastasis is sufficiently low; (4) there is no evidence of short- or long-term sequelae from treatment. Special attention should be paid to applicants who have received anthracycline chemotherapy; (5) satisfactory oncology follow-up reports are provided to the licensing authority. (b) Applicants receiving ongoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment should be assessed as unfit. (c) Applicants with a benign intracerebral tumour may be assessed as fit after satisfactory specialist and neurological evaluation and the condition does not compromise the safe exercise of the privileges of the licence. (d) Applicants with pre-malignant conditions may be assessed as fit if treated or excised as necessary and there is a regular follow-up.

SUBPART C – AERO-MEDICAL EXAMINERS (AMES)

AMC1 ATCO.MED.C.015 Training courses in aviation medicine

BASIC TRAINING COURSE

(a) Basic training course for AMEs The basic training course for AMEs should consist of 60 hours of theoretical and practical training, including specific examination techniques. (b) The learning objectives to acquire the necessary competences should include theoretical knowledge, risk management and decision-making principles in the following subjects. Demonstrations and practical skills should also be included, where appropriate. (1) Introduction to aviation medicine; (2) Basic aeronautical knowledge; (3) Aviation physiology; (4) Cardiovascular system; Annex V to ED Decision 2026/004/R Page 34 of 208 (5) Respiratory system; (6) Digestive system; (7) Metabolic and endocrine system; (8) Haematology; (9) Genitourinary system; (10) Obstetrics and gynaecology; (11) Musculoskeletal system; (12) Psychiatry; (13) Psychology; (14) Neurology; (15) Visual system and colour vision; (16) Otorhinolaryngology; (17) Oncology; (18) Incidents and accidents, escape and survival; (19) Legislation, rules and regulations; (20) Medication and air traffic control. AMC2 ATCO.MED.C.015 Training courses in aviation medicine

ADVANCED TRAINING COURSE

(a) The advanced training course for AMEs should consist of another 60 hours of theoretical and practical training, including specific examination techniques. (b) The syllabus for the advanced training course should concentrate on the specific air traffic control environment, and demonstrations and practical skills should be included, where appropriate. The course should cover at least the following subjects: (1) Air traffic control working environment; (2) Ophthalmology, including demonstration and practical training; (3) Otorhinolaryngology, including demonstration and practical training; (4) Clinical medicine; (5) Cardiovascular system; (6) Neurology; (7) Psychiatry; (8) Oncology; (9) Metabolic and endocrine systems; (10) Human factors in aviation with a specific focus on the air traffic control environment; (11) Problematic use of substances. (c) Practical training at an AeMC should be under the guidance and supervision of the Head of the AeMC. (d) After the successful completion of the practical training, a report of demonstrated competence should be issued. AMC1 ATCO.MED.C.025(b) Validity of AME certificates

REFRESHER TRAINING IN AVIATION MEDICINE

(a) During the period of authorisation certification, an AME should attend 20 hours of refresher training, including training with regard to the environment of air traffic control. (b) A proportionate number of refresher training hours should be provided by, or conducted under the direct supervision of, the competent authority or the medical assessor. (c) Attendance at scientific meetings and congresses and air traffic control observation may be credited by the competent authority for a specified number of hours against the training obligations of the AME, provided the medical assessor has assessed it in advance as being relevant for crediting purposes. GM1 ATCO.MED.C.025(b) Validity of AME certificates

REFRESHER TRAINING IN AVIATION MEDICINE

Scientific meetings or congresses that may be credited by the competent authority: (a) European Conference of Aerospace Medicine; (b) International Academy of Aviation and Space Medicine annual congresses; (c) Aerospace Medical Association annual scientific meetings; and (d) Other scientific meetings.

INITIAL TRAINING CONTENT

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a) Composition of initial training

GENERAL

1. Structure of the basic and rating training syllabi (a) The basic and rating training syllabi are structured as follows: (1) The syllabus is divided into subjects, which are divided into topics that are in turn divided into subtopics. This structure serves the definition and classification of the objectives. There can be one or several objectives linked to each subtopic. (2) Objectives are assigned to a specific topic/subtopic which deals with the knowledge and skills needed to accomplish the related subject. (3) Subjects, topics and subtopics are contained in Appendices 2 to 7 to Annex I to Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/340, and are repeated in: — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(1) Composition of initial training — BASIC TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(i) Composition of initial training — AERODROME CONTROL (ADC) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(ii) Composition of initial training — APPROACH CONTROL PROCEDURAL (APP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iii) Composition of initial training — AREA CONTROL PROCEDURAL (ACP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iv) Composition of initial training — APPROACH CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (APS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training — AREA CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (ACS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES in order to provide the reader with a comprehensive and unique reference document for the basic and each of the rating training courses. Training objectives are included in, and form an integral part of, each of the aforementioned AMC. (b) The following principles may be applied to the development of a training course that is based on any of the syllabi: (1) The structure of the syllabi and the order of the objectives contained therein is neither intended to convey a pedagogical sequence nor to indicate a relative level of importance. (2) No objective from the basic training syllabus is repeated as ‘a refresher’ in the rating training syllabi. (3) The number of objectives contained within a subtopic does not necessarily signify how long it should take to teach that subtopic. For example, a subtopic containing five relatively straightforward objectives may take a shorter time to be taught than another subtopic containing two complex objectives. 2. Structure of the objectives (a) An objective consists of three elements: (1) The corpus, which is a description of the required performance. It always contains an action verb to ensure that the outcome is observable. The action verb is always associated with a defined taxonomy. (2) The level, which indicates numerically the taxonomy of the action verb. (3) The content, which may be implicit or explicit. Explicit content is written in the content field, while implicit content is not but, instead, is implied in the corpus of the objective and other elements (syllabus, subject, etc.). Content that is a required part of the objective is written in the red-shaded field. Optional content, written in italics is provided to help training designers develop their training material and may suggest possible reference documents that could be used and/or elaborate on the content with specific examples. With or without explicit content, the objective needs to be covered since the implementation is implied in its corpus (text of the objective) and associated context (Subtopic/Topic/Subject/ Rating). 3. Repeated and common objectives (a) Repeated and common objectives are only applicable to rating training. (b) To the right of each objective, there is an indication of which other ratings contain this particular objective. If the rating is indicated in red italics, it notifies the reader that the objective(s) is (are) verbatim in each rating; however, the objective numbers are different. This indication is the first step to help training providers identify potential commonalities between the various syllabi. As a second step, training providers must determine, on the level of local implementation, whether the objective is to be regarded as repeated or common. 3.1 Repeated objectives All the objectives appearing in a syllabus are implicitly appropriate to this syllabus. As a consequence, objectives may be repeated ‘verbatim’ in different rating syllabi and nevertheless specify a different performance. The reader always needs to mentally add the sentence ‘in this syllabus context’ at the end of each objective. For example, the objective ‘use approved phraseology’ is repeated (same level, same corpus, same content) in all the syllabi but is different because the context is different in each syllabus (a learner that is able to use approved phraseology for en-route traffic will need additional training before mastering the phraseology in the provision of aerodrome control). 3.2 Common objectives (a) Common objectives are verbatim the same objectives that appear in more than one rating syllabi in the same context so that they do not need to be taught again in case of combined or successively organised courses. For example, the objective ‘describe the human information-processing model’ is common for all the syllabi because the context is non-specific and is, therefore, not determined by the type of rating. (b) As a general principle, the rating subject ‘Human Factors’ is identical in each of the rating training syllabi and can be considered as containing common objectives because the context is always the same. This means that the rating training objectives relating to Human Factors need to be taught only once. If a learner acquires an additional rating, that learner would not be required to repeat the Human Factors objectives. 4. Action verbs that support the taxonomy for training objectives (a) The five taxonomy levels should be understood to have the following levels of complexity: (1) Action verbs for Level 1 Level 1 — A basic knowledge of the subject. It is the ability to remember essential points, to memorise data and retrieve it.

L1 Verb Definition Example

Define State what it is and what its Define ATC service. limits are; state the definition.

L1 Verb Definition Example

Draw Produce a picture, pattern or Draw the block diagram. diagram. Draw a holding pattern. List Say one after the other. List the different types of jet engines. Name Give the name of objects or Name the competent authorities responsible for procedures. ATCO licensing and ANSP oversight. Quote Repeat what is written or said. Quote the ICAO definition of ATC service. Recognise To know what it is because you Recognise the information contained in the have seen it before. different parts of the AIP. State Say or write in a formal or State the meteorological hazards to aviation. definite way.

(2) Action verbs for Level 2 Level 2 — The ability to understand and to discuss the subject matter intelligently in order to represent and act upon certain objects and events.

L2 Verb Definition Example

Characterise To describe the quality of features in Characterise the main radio navigation something. techniques based on ground-based systems. Consider To think carefully about it. Consider how the evolution of a situation may have an impact on safety. Demonstrate Describe and explain; logically or Demonstrate the importance of good mathematically prove the truth of a communication in ATC. statement. Describe Say what it is like or what happened. Describe the methods by which ICAO notifies and implements legislation. Differentiate Show the differences between things. Differentiate between different types of visibility. Explain Give details about something or Explain the purpose and function of ICAO. describe so that it can be understood. Take account Take into consideration before Take account of the limitations of of deciding. equipment and systems.

(3) Action verbs for Level 3 Level 3 — A thorough knowledge of the subject and the ability to apply it with accuracy. The ability to make use of the repertoire of knowledge to develop plans and activate them.

L3 Verb Definition Example

Act Carry out, execute. Act to reduce stress. Apply Use something in a situation or Apply separation. activity. Appreciate To understand a situation and know Appreciate the need for coordination (the what is involved in a problem-solving learner says that the coordination will be situation, to state a plan without done and with whom; the learner does not applying it. perform the actual coordination). Assist Help somebody to do a job by doing Assist the pilot. part of it.

L3 Verb Definition Example

Calculate To discover from information you Calculate appropriate levels. already have by arithmetic; to think Calculate conversions between the three about a possible cause of action in north designations. order to form an opinion or decide what to do. Check Make sure the information is correct Check all relevant documentation before (satisfactory). managing traffic. Check availability of information. Choose Select out of number, decide to do Choose appropriate levels. one thing rather than another. Choose the appropriate separation methods. Collect Assemble, accumulate, bring or come Collect appropriate information relevant to together. the situation. Conduct Organise and carry out. Conduct level changes. Confirm Establish more firmly, corroborate. Confirm sequence order. Decode Turn into ordinary writing, decipher. Decode the content of weather reports and forecasts. Encode Put into code or cipher. Encode and decode flight plans (including supplementary information). Estimate Form an approximate judgement of a Estimate the heading for a new track and number, form an opinion. the distance to the next way point. Execute Perform action. Execute selected plan in a timely manner. Extract Copy out, make extracts from, find, Extract pertinent data from relevant deduce. sources to produce a flight progress display. Identify Associate oneself inseparably with, Identify potential or actual abnormal and establish the identity. emergency situations. Identify aircraft. Inform Tell, give facts or information. Inform the supervisor of local factors affecting the ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management. Initiate Begin, set going, originate. Initiate appropriate coordination. Input Enter in the system. Input data. Issue Send forth, publish. Issue appropriate ATC clearances. Issue appropriate information concerning the position of conflicting traffic. Maintain Cause or enable to continue. Maintain situational awareness by monitoring traffic Measure Ascertain extent or quality of (thing) Measure distance on a map. by comparison with fixed unit or with object of known size. Monitor Keep under observation. Monitor the technical integrity of the controller working position. Notify Make known, announce, report. Notify runway in use. Obtain Acquire easily without research. Obtain meteorological information. Operate Conduct work on equipment. Operate the equipment of the controller working position. Pass Move, cause to go, transmit. Pass essential traffic information without delay. Perform Carry into effect, go through, execute. Perform communication effectively.

L3 Verb Definition Example

Process To put through the steps of a Process pertinent data on data displays. prescribed procedure. Record Register, set down for remembrance Record information by writing effectively. or reference. Relay Receive and pass on, broadcast. Relay meteorological information. Respond Provide an answer, perform Respond to loss/doubt concerning answering or corresponding action. identification. Respond to distress and urgency messages and signals. Scan Continuously observe rapidly, Scan data display. sequentially and selectively in order to extract relevant data. Transfer Hand over. Transfer information to the relieving controller. Update Refresh, bring up to date. Update the data display to accurately reflect the traffic situation. Use Employ for a purpose, handle as Use approved phraseology. instrument, put into operation. Use the available means for coordination. Verify Establish truth of. Verify that the settings of the working position are appropriate.

(4) Action verbs for Level 4 Level 4 — Ability to establish a line of action within a unit of known applications following the correct chronology and the adequate method to resolve a problematic situation. This involves the integration of known applications in a familiar situation.

L4 Verb Definition Example

Acquire Gain by oneself and for oneself, Acquire relevant aeronautical information. obtain after research. Adjust Change to a new position, value or Adjust the surveillance system display. setting. Allocate Assign, devote. Allocate levels according to altimetry data. Analyse Examine minutely the constitution Analyse examples of pilot–controller of. communication for effectiveness. Analyse the information provided by the ATS surveillance system. Assign Designate or set an element. Assign codes. Coordinate Negotiate with others in order to Coordinate runway in use. work together effectively. Coordinate when providing FIS. Comply Act in accordance with. Comply with rules. Delegate Commit authority to somebody. Delegate separation to pilots in the case of aircraft executing successive visual approaches. Detect Discover existence of. Detect conflicts in time for appropriate resolution. Ensure Make safe, make certain. Ensure the agreed course of action is carried out. Expedite Assist the progress of, do speedily. Expedite traffic.

L4 Verb Definition Example

Integrate Combine into a whole, complete Integrate appropriate ATC clearances in control by addition of parts. service. Manage Handle, conduct, maintain control Manage traffic on the manoeuvring area. over something, be in charge of. Manage traffic in accordance with a change to operational procedures. Organise Give orderly structure to, frame Organise pertinent data on data displays. and put into working order. Organise priority of actions. Predict Forecast. Predict positions of aircraft in the aerodrome traffic and taxi circuits. Provide Supply, furnish. Provide vectoring. Provide FIS. Relate Establish link with. Relate a pressure setting to an altitude.

(5) Action verbs for Level 5 Level 5 — Ability to analyse new situation in order to elaborate and apply one or other relevant strategy to solve a complex problem. The defining feature is that the situation is qualitatively different from those previously met, requiring judgement and evaluation of options.

L5 verb Definition Example

Assess Estimate value or difficulty, evaluate, Assess workload. appraise. Balance Weigh (a question, two arguments, etc., Balance the workload against personal against each other). capacity. Discuss Investigate by reasoning or argument. Discuss the impact of regulation. Evaluate Ascertain amount of, find numerical Evaluate the necessary information to be expression for. provided to pilots in need of navigational assistance. Interpret To decide on something’s meaning or Interpret operational information. significance when there is a choice. Optimise To make optimal; get the most out of; Optimise the use of support tools. use best; modify to achieve maximum efficiency. Resolve Solve, clear up, settle. Resolve conflict. Select Pick out as best or most suitable. Select the runway in use. Theorise Extract general principles from a Theorise the resolution of conflict particular experience. between a slow and a fast aircraft. Validate Make valid, ratify, prove valid, show or Validate one radar vectoring option to confirm the validity of something. expedite the traffic.

(b) Application of taxonomy levels to practically based objectives (1) Objectives at taxonomy level 3 or higher, which are of a practical nature, related to all subjects except ATM, may be achieved by any suitable type of practical training methods, e.g. hands-on, plotting on charts, etc. (2) Objectives at taxonomy level 3 or higher, for the ATM subject (basic and rating), are practical by nature and require the integration of several knowledge areas and skills at the same time, e.g. vectoring of an aircraft requires knowledge and skills in the areas of radiotelephony, aircraft performance, navigation and radar theory. Therefore, ATM level 3 objectives should be achieved through the use of a parttask trainer or a simulator. (3) ATM level 4 objectives should be achieved for the most part through the use of a simulator. A part-task trainer, which presents operational situations at an enforced pace, may be used to achieve some ATM level 4 objectives. (4) ATM level 5 objectives should be achieved through the use of a simulator. AMC2 ATCO.D.010(a) Composition of initial training

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

For the purposes of: — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(1) Composition of initial training — BASIC TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(i) Composition of initial training — AERODROME CONTROL (ADC) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(ii) Composition of initial training — APPROACH CONTROL PROCEDURAL (APP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iii) Composition of initial training — AREA CONTROL PROCEDURAL (ACP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iv) Composition of initial training — APPROACH CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (APS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES; — AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training — AREA CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (ACS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES the following abbreviations apply: Abbreviation Stands for / Means A-RNP Advanced Required Navigation Performance A/B (Type) A and B type approaches (classifications) ABAS Aircraft-based Augmentation System ABES Abnormal and Emergency Situations (Subject) ACARS Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance System ACC Area Control Centre ACFTB Aircraft — Basic Training (subject) ACFT Aircraft (subject) ACN Aircraft Classification Number ACP Area Control Procedural Rating ACS Area Control Surveillance Rating ADF Automatic Direction-Finding System Annex V to ED Decision 2026/004/R Page 44 of 208 ADC Aerodrome Control ADI Aerodrome Control Instrument ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast ADS-C Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Contract ADV Aerodrome Control Visual Rating ADVS Advisory Service AEA Association of European Airlines AFIL Air-Filed Flight Plan AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network AGA Aerodromes AIC Aeronautical Information Circular AIP Aeronautical Information Publication AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control AIRAC SUP AIRAC Supplement AIREP Air-Report AIRMET Information concerning en-route weather phenomena which may affect the safety of low-level aircraft operations AIS Aeronautical Information Service ALRS Alerting Service AMAN Arrival Manager AMC Acceptable Means of Compliance ANS Air Navigation Services AP/FD Autopilot/Flight Director APM Approach Path Monitor APP Approach Control/Centre/Procedural Rating APS Approach Control Surveillance Rating APV Approach Procedure with Vertical guidance APW Area Proximity Warning ASDA Accelerate Stop Distance Available ASM Airspace Management ASMGCS Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems ATC Air Traffic Control ATCEUC Air Traffic Controllers European Unions Coordination ATCO Air Traffic Controller ATCS Air Traffic Control Service ATFCM Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service ATM Air Traffic Management ATMB Air Traffic Management — Basic Training (subject) ATS Air Traffic Services ATZ Aerodrome Traffic Zone AVASI Advanced Visual Approach Slope Indicator Beidou Chinese navigation satellite system BIRDTAM Bird hazard NOTAM (NOTAM reporting bird hazard) CANSO Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation CAT Clear-Air Turbulence CBA Cross-Border Area CBT Computer-Based Training CCO Continuous Climb Operations CDO Continuous Descent Operations CDR Conditional Route CEM Collaborative Environmental Management CISM Critical Incident Stress Management CPDLC Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications CPL Current Flight Plan CWP Controller Working Position DA Decision Altitude DFTI Distance from Touchdown Indicator DH Decision Height DMAN Departure Manager DME Distance-Measuring Equipment Doc Document EASA European Union Aviation Safety Agency EAT Expected Approach Time EATMP European Air Traffic Management Programme EC European Commission ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference EET Estimated Elapsed Time EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service EGPWS Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System EQPS Equipment and Systems (subject) EQPSB Equipment and Systems — Basic Training (subject) ETF European Transport Workers’ Federation EU European Union EU ETS European Union Emissions Trading Scheme EUROCONTROL European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation FA Fix to Altitude FAB Functional Airspace Block FAF Final Approach Fix FAP Final Approach Point FDPS Flight Data Processing System FIR Flight Information Region FIS Flight Information Service FMS Flight Management System FPB Flight Progress Board FPL Flight Plan or Filed Flight Plan FRA Free-Route Airspace FRT Fixed Radius Transition FTE Flight Technical Error FUA Flexible Use of Airspace Galileo European satellite navigation system GBAS Ground-Based Augmentation System GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GP Glide Path GPS Global Positioning System GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System HF High Frequency HFACS Human Factors Analysis & Classification System HUM Human Factors (subject) HUMB Human Factors — Basic Training (subject) IACA International Air Carrier Association IAF Initial Approach Fix IAOPA International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations IATA International Air Transport Association ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IF Intermediate Approach Fix IFALPA International Federation of Airline Pilots’ Associations IFATCA International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers’ Associations IFPS Integrated Initial Flight Plan Processing System IFR Instrument Flight Rules ILS Instrument Landing System IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions INS Inertial Navigation System INTR Introduction to the course (subject) INTRB Introduction to the course — Basic Training (subject) IRS Inertial Reference System IRVR Instrument Runway Visual Range ISA International Standard Atmosphere ITU International Telecommunications Union LAM Local Area Multilateration LAW Aviation Law (subject) LAWB Aviation Law — Basic Training (subject) LDA Landing Distance Available LOA Letter of Agreement LOC Localiser LOPs Local Operating Procedures LPV Localiser Performance with Vertical guidance MAPt Missed Approach Point MCMF Multi-Constellation, Multi-Frequency MDA Minimum Descent Altitude MDH Minimum Descent Height MET Meteorology METAR Meteorological Aviation Routine Weather Report METB Meteorology — Basic Training (subject) MLAT Multilateration Mode A SSR identification code Mode C SSR Mode C (pronounced: Mode Charlie) Mode S Mode Select MONA Monitoring Aids MSAW Minimum Safe Altitude Warning MTCD Medium-Term Conflict Detection MWO Meteorological Watch Office NAV Navigation (subject) NAVAID Navigation(al) Aid NAVB Navigation — Basic Training (subject) NDB Non-Directional Beacon No. Number NOTAM Notice to Airmen NPA Non-Precision Approach NSE Navigation System Error OCA Obstacle Clearance Altitude OCH Obstacle Clearance Height OJT On-the-Job Training OLDI On-Line Data Interchange PA Precision Approach PANS Procedures for Air Navigation Services PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator PAR Precision Approach Radar PBN Performance-Based Navigation PCN Pavement Classification Number PCP Pilot Common Project PDE Path Definition Error PEAR (model) People who do the job/Environment in which they work/Actions they perform/Resources necessary to complete the job PEN Professional Environment (subject) PENB Professional Environment — Basic Training (subject) PSR Primary Surveillance Radar PTP Part-Time Practice QDM Inbound magnetic bearing to the station QDR Outbound magnetic bearing from the station QFE Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation QNH Atmospheric pressure at mean sea level QTF The position of the transmitting station according to the bearings taken by the D/F station RA Resolution Advisory (TCAS) RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring RCC Rescue Coordination Centre RF Radius to Fix RNAV Area Navigation RNP Required Navigation Performance RNP APCH Required Navigation Performance Approach RNP AR APCH Required Navigation Performance Authorisation Required Approach RNP (AR) DEP Required Navigation Performance Authorisation Required Departure ROC Rate of Climb RPAS Remotely Piloted Aircraft System RTF Radiotelephony RVR Runway Visual Range RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum SADIS Satellite Distribution of World Area Forecast System SAR Search and Rescue SARPs Standards and Recommended Practices (ICAO) SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System SDPS Surveillance Data Processing System SELCAL Selective Calling SES Single European Sky SHELL (model) Software, Hardware, Environment, Live ware, Live ware Model SIB Safety Information Bulletin SID Standard Instrument Departure (Route) SIGMET Significant Meteorological Information SMAN Surface Management SMR Surface Movement Radar SNOWTAM NOTAM on SNOW conditions SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SPECI Aviation Selected Special Weather Report SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar STAR Standard Instrument Arrival (Route) STCA Short-Term Conflict Alert SVFR Special Visual Flight Rules TA Traffic Alert (TCAS) TACAN UHF Tactical Air Navigation Aid TAF Terminal Area (Aerodrome) Forecast TAWS Terrain Awareness and Warning System TBO Trajectory-Based Operations TCAC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centre TCAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System TODA Take-Off Distance Available TORA Take-Off Run Available TRA Temporary Reserved Airspace or Temporary Reserved Area TRM Team Resource Management TSA Temporary Segregated Area TSE Total System Error TWR Tower Control Unit (Aerodrome Control Tower) UAS Unmanned Aircraft System UDF Ultra High Frequency Direction Finder UHF Ultra High Frequency UTC Coordinated Universal Time VAAC Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator VDF Very High Frequency Direction Finder VFR Visual Flight Rules VHF Very High Frequency VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions VNAV Vertical Navigation VOLMET Routine Weather Reports Broadcast on VHF VOR VHF Omni-directional Radio Range WAFC World Area Forecast Centre WAFS World Area Forecast System WAM Wide Area Multilateration WGS-84 World Geodetic System 84 WMO World Meteorological Organization AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(1) Composition of initial training

BASIC TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) Basic training should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects contained in point ATCO.D.010(a)(1) Basic training. (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.010(a)(1) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTRB 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTRB 1.1 — Course introduction

BASIC Explain the aims and main objectives of the 2 INTRB course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTRB 1.2 — Course administration

BASIC State how the course is administered. 1 INTRB 1.2.1

Subtopic INTRB 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

BASIC Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, INTRB sources for the course. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server BASIC Integrate appropriate information into 4 Training documentation INTRB course studies. Optional content: supplementary information, 1.3.2 library

TOPIC INTRB 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTRB 2.1 — Course content, methodology and organisation

BASIC State the different training methods used 1 Theoretical training, practical training, self- INTRB during the course. study, types of training events 2.1.1 BASIC State the subjects covered by the course and 1 INTRB their purpose. 2.1.2 BASIC Describe the organisation of theoretical 2 Optional content: course programme INTRB training. 2.1.3 BASIC Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, briefing, INTRB training. debriefing, course programme 2.1.4 BASIC Appreciate appropriate learning techniques. 3 How the influence of interactive techniques INTRB can lead to improved learning 2.1.5

Subtopic INTRB 2.2 — Training ethos

TOPIC INTRB 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE

BASIC Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Optional content: instructor discussions, INTRB available. training progress, assessment, examinations, 2.2.1 results, briefing, debriefing BASIC Describe the positive effect of working and 2 Teamwork in theoretical and practical training INTRB learning together with course participants. 2.2.2

Subtopic INTRB 2.3 — Assessment process

BASIC Describe the assessment process. 2 INTRB 2.3.1

TOPIC INTRB 3 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATCO’s FUTURE

Subtopic INTRB 3.1 — Job prospects

BASIC Recognise an ATCO’s working environment. 1 Area control unit, approach control unit, INTRB aerodrome control unit 3.1.1 BASIC Recognise career developments. 1 Optional content: OJT instructor, supervisor, INTRB operational managerial posts, non- 3.1.2 operational posts

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAWB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO AVIATION LAW Subtopic LAWB 1.1 — Relevance of aviation law

BASIC State the necessity for air law, the sources 1 Relevant EU legislation, LAWB and development of aviation law. ICAO Convention 1.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Annex 2, national

aviation law

BASIC Describe the impact key international and 2 ICAO, EASA, EUROCONTROL, national LAWB national organisations have on ATC and their organisations 1.1.2 interaction with each other.

TOPIC LAWB 2 — INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS Subtopic LAWB 2.1 — ICAO

BASIC Explain the purpose and function of ICAO. 2 LAWB 2.1.1 BASIC Describe the methods by which ICAO 2 SARPs, PANS, ICAO annexes, ICAO documents LAWB notifies and implements legislation. Optional content: regional offices 2.1.2

Subtopic LAWB 2.2 — European and other agencies

BASIC Explain the purpose and function of 2 Network Manager function LAWB EUROCONTROL. 2.2.1

TOPIC LAWB 2 — INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS

BASIC Explain the purpose and function of EASA. 2 LAWB 2.2.2 BASIC State the purpose and function of other 1 Optional content: ECAC, EU, ITU, CANSO, LAWB international agencies and their relevance WMO 2.2.3 to air traffic operations.

Subtopic LAWB 2.3 — Aviation associations

BASIC State the purpose of controller, pilot, airline 1 Optional content: IFATCA, IFALPA, IATA, AEA, LAWB and airspace user associations and their IAOPA, IACA, military services, ETF, ATCEUC 2.3.1 interaction with ATC.

TOPIC LAWB 3 — NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS Subtopic LAWB 3.1 — National authorities

BASIC Describe the purpose and function of 2 Optional content: civil aviation LAWB appropriate national agencies and their administration agencies, government 3.1.1 relevance to air traffic operations. agencies

Subtopic LAWB 3.2 — National legislative procedures

BASIC Recognise how legislation is implemented, 1 LAWB notified and updated. 3.2.1

Subtopic LAWB 3.3 — Competent authority

BASIC Name the competent authorities 1 LAWB responsible for ATCO licensing and ANSP 3.3.1 oversight. BASIC State how the competent authority carries 1 LAWB out its safety oversight responsibilities. 3.3.2

Subtopic LAWB 3.4 — National aviation associations

BASIC State the purpose of national controller, 1 LAWB pilot, airline and airspace user associations. 3.4.1

TOPIC LAWB 4 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAWB 4.1 — Safety regulation

BASIC Describe the need for safety regulation. 2 Regulation (EU) 2018/11391 LAWB Optional content: Regulation (EU) 4.1.1 2017/373 , national regulations BASIC Describe the general principles of safety 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) LAWB regulation. 2017/373, national regulations 4.1.2

TOPIC LAWB 4 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT

BASIC Explain the impact of safety regulation on 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) 2015/340 , LAWB the controller. Regulation (EU) 2017/373 4.1.3

Subtopic LAWB 4.2 — Safety management system

BASIC Explain the regulatory requirements for 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 LAWB safety management systems in ATM. 4.2.1 BASIC Explain the principles of safety management 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 LAWB systems. 4.2.2 BASIC Describe the safety assessment 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 LAWB methodology. Optional content: EATMP Air navigation 4.2.3 system safety assessment methodology,

national regulations

TOPIC LAWB 5 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAWB 5.1 — Units of measurement

BASIC List the units of measurement used in 1 Council Directive 80/181/EEC on units of LAWB aviation. measurement , ICAO Annex 5 5.1.1

Subtopic LAWB 5.2 — ATCO licensing/certification

BASIC Explain the ATCO licensing/certification 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 , approved LAWB process. training courses; ATCO licences, ratings and 5.2.1 endorsements

Optional content: national processes

BASIC Explain the privileges and limitations of 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 LAWB controller licences. 5.2.2

Subtopic LAWB 5.3 — Overview of ANS

BASIC Differentiate between ANS. 2 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, LAWB Regulation (EC) No 549/2004 5.3.1

Subtopic LAWB 5.4 — Overview of ATS

BASIC State the considerations which determine 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 LAWB the need for ATS. 5.4.1 BASIC Differentiate between ATS. 2 ATCS, ADVS, FIS, ALRS LAWB 5.4.2

TOPIC LAWB 5 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

BASIC Explain the objectives of ATS. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 LAWB 5.4.3

Subtopic LAWB 5.5 — Overview of Aeronautical Information Management (AIM)

BASIC Describe the means by which aeronautical 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 LAWB information is notified, updated and Optional content: AIS, integrated 5.5.1 disseminated. aeronautical information package (AIPs,

AIRAC, SUPs, AICs, NOTAMs), ICAO Annex 15

BASIC Recognise the information contained in the 1 LAWB different parts of the AIP. 5.5.2

Subtopic LAWB 5.6 — Rules of the air

BASIC Explain the rules of the air. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 flight over the LAWB high seas, applicability and compliance, 5.6.1 general rules and collision avoidance BASIC State the published differences with ICAO. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 LAWB Optional content: Supplements to ICAO 5.6.2 Annex 2 and ICAO Annex 11 BASIC Appreciate the influence of relevant flight 3 General flight rules, instrument flight rules, LAWB rules on ATC. visual flight rules 5.6.3 BASIC Appreciate the differences between flying in 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 LAWB accordance with VFR, special VFR and IFR in 5.6.4 VMC and IMC.

Subtopic LAWB 5.7 — Airspace and ATS routes

BASIC Explain airspace classification. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 LAWB 5.7.1 BASIC Differentiate between the different types of 2 Optional content: control zones, control LAWB airspace. areas, airways, upper and lower airspace, 5.7.2 restricted areas, prohibited and danger areas, FIR, aerodrome traffic zone, etc. BASIC Differentiate between the different types of 2 Airway, arrival route, departure route, LAWB ATS routes. advisory route, controlled route, 5.7.3 uncontrolled route, etc. BASIC Decode information from aeronautical 3 LAWB charts. 5.7.4

Subtopic LAWB 5.8 — Flight plan

BASIC Explain the functions of a flight plan. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, LAWB ICAO Doc 4444 5.8.1 BASIC Explain the different types of flight plans 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, LAWB and associated update messages. ICAO Doc 4444 5.8.2

TOPIC LAWB 5 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

BASIC Explain the pilot’s responsibilities in relation 2 Inadvertent changes, intended changes, LAWB to adherence to flight plan. position reporting 5.8.3 BASIC Describe flight plan submission and 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 LAWB distribution processes. 5.8.4

Subtopic LAWB 5.9 — Aerodromes

BASIC Describe the general design and layout of an 2 Runway(s), taxiways, apron, movement area, LAWB aerodrome. manoeuvring area, designated positions on 5.9.1 an aerodrome BASIC Explain the numbering system and 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/20141 LAWB orientation of runways. 5.9.2 BASIC Differentiate between different types of 2 Controlled, uncontrolled LAWB aerodromes. Optional content: military, international, 5.9.3 regional BASIC Describe designated positions in the traffic 2 LAWB circuit. 5.9.4 BASIC List the factors affecting the selection of 1 LAWB runway in use. 5.9.5

Subtopic LAWB 5.10 — Holding procedures for IFR flights

BASIC Describe the purpose of holding. 2 Traffic management, weather, pilot request, LAWB Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Doc 8168 5.10.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 BASIC Describe the types of holding patterns. 2 Published, non-published LAWB 5.10.2 BASIC Describe an ICAO holding pattern. 2 ICAO Doc 8168 — Parts of an IFR holding LAWB pattern, entry/exit procedures, dimensions

5. 10.3 of patterns, protected airspace, holding areas, alignment, rates of turns, holding times, expect further clearance, Expected Approach Times (EATs) BASIC Describe the factors affecting the holding 2 Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect of LAWB pattern. navigation aid in use, turbulence 5.10.4

Subtopic LAWB 5.11 — Holding procedures for VFR flights

BASIC Describe VFR holding. 2 LAWB 5.11.1

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATMB 1 — AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT Subtopic ATMB 1.1 — Application of units of measurement

BASIC Apply the units of measurement 3 ATMB appropriate to ATM. 1.1.1

Subtopic ATMB 1.2 — Air traffic control (ATC) service

BASIC Define ATC service. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 1.2.1 BASIC Explain the division of ATC service. 2 Regulation (EC) No 549/2004, Regulation (EU) ATMB 2017/373 1.2.2 BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ATMB of ATC service. 1.2.3 BASIC Differentiate between the different 2 Aerodrome, surveillance, procedural ATMB methods of providing ATC services. 1.2.4

Subtopic ATMB 1.3 — Flight information service (FIS)

BASIC Define FIS. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 1.3.1 BASIC Describe the scope of FIS. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 1.3.2 BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) ATMB of FIS. 2017/373 1.3.3 BASIC State the methods of transmitting 1 RTF, data link, ATIS, VOLMET ATMB information. 1.3.4 BASIC List the content of ATIS and VOLMET. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) ATMB 2017/373 1.3.5 Optional content: meteorological data

obtained by data link, ICAO Annex 3

BASIC Issue information to aircraft. 3 Optional content: SIGMET, serviceability of ATMB navaids, weather, flight safety information, 1.3.6 essential traffic, essential local traffic, information related to aerodrome conditions, etc.

Subtopic ATMB 1.4 — Alerting service (ALRS)

BASIC Define ALRS. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 1.4.1 BASIC Describe the scope of ALRS. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB ICAO Annex 11 1.4.2

TOPIC ATMB 1 — AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ATMB of ALRS. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 1.4.3 BASIC Differentiate between the phases of 2 Uncertainty, alert, distress ATMB emergency. 1.4.4 BASIC Describe the organisation of an ALRS. 2 Responsibilities, local organisation ATMB 1.4.5 BASIC Describe the cooperation between units 2 ATMB providing alerting services and the SAR 1.4.6 units. BASIC Differentiate between distress and urgency 2 Mayday, Pan Pan, Pan Pan Medical ATMB signals. Optional content: visual signals, etc. 1.4.7

Subtopic ATMB 1.5 — Air traffic advisory service

BASIC Define air traffic advisory service. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 1.5.1 BASIC State the scope of air traffic advisory 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB service. Regulation (EU) 2017/373 1.5.2 BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB of air traffic advisory service. Regulation (EU) 2017/373 1.5.3

Subtopic ATMB 1.6 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management (ATFM)

BASIC Define ATFM. 1 Regulation (EC) No 549/2004 ATMB 1.6.1 BASIC Describe the scope of air traffic flow and 2 Regulation (EU) No 255/2010, ATMB capacity management (ATFCM). Regulation (EU) 2019/123, 1.6.2 ICAO Doc 4444, EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) No 255/2010, ATMB of ATFCM. Regulation (EU) 2019/123, 1.6.3 ICAO Doc 4444, EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual BASIC List the methods of providing ATFCM. 1 Regulation (EU) No 255/2010, ATMB Regulation (EU) 2019/123, 1.6.4 EUROCONTROL ATFCM Users Manual

Subtopic ATMB 1.7 — Airspace management (ASM)

BASIC Define ASM. 1 Regulation (EC) No 549/2004 ATMB Optional content: Regulation (EC) 1.7.1 No 2150/2005 BASIC Describe the scope of ASM. 2 Regulation (EC) No 2150/2005, Regulation ATMB (EU) 2019/123 1.7.2

TOPIC ATMB 1 — AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL Specification for the application of the FUA

BASIC Explain the responsibility for the provision 2 Regulation (EC) No 2150/2005, Regulation ATMB of ASM. (EU) 2019/123 1.7.3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Specification for the application of the FUA

BASIC State the methods of managing airspace. 1 Regulation (EC) No 2150/2005, Regulation ATMB (EU) 2019/123 1.7.4 Optional content: Flexible use of airspace,

airspace design, CDRs, TSAs

TOPIC ATMB 2 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION

Subtopic ATMB 2.1 — Altimetry

BASIC Appreciate the relationship between 3 QFE, QNH, standard pressure ATMB height, altitude and flight level. 2.1.1

Subtopic ATMB 2.2 — Transition level

BASIC Appreciate the relationship between 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB transition level, transition altitude and ICAO Doc 4444 2.2.1 transition layer. Optional content: ICAO Doc 8168 BASIC Calculate the appropriate levels. 3 Optional content: transition level, transition ATMB layer, height, lowest useable flight level, 2.2.2 vertical distance to airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATMB 2.3 — Level allocation

BASIC Describe the cruising level allocation 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, table of ATMB system. cruising levels 2.3.1 BASIC Choose the appropriate levels. 3 Flight levels, altitudes, heights ATMB 2.3.2

TOPIC ATMB 3 — RADIOTELEPHONY (RTF) Subtopic ATMB 3.1 — RTF general operating procedures

BASIC Explain the need for approved phraseology. 2 ATMB 3.1.1 BASIC Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB Optional content: national documents 3.1.2 BASIC Perform communication effectively. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, communication ATMB techniques, readback/verification of readback 3.1.3

TOPIC ATMB 4 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS

Subtopic ATMB 4.1 — Type and content of ATC clearances

BASIC Define ATC clearance. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB

TOPIC ATMB 4 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS 4.1.1

BASIC Describe the contents of an ATC clearance. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB ICAO Doc 4444 4.1.2 BASIC Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national 4.1.3 documents

Subtopic ATMB 4.2 — ATC instructions

BASIC Define ATC Instructions. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ATMB 4.2.1 BASIC Describe the contents of an ATC instruction. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB ICAO Doc 4444 4.2.2 BASIC Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB ICAO Doc 4444 4.2.3 Optional content: national documents

TOPIC ATMB 5 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATMB 5.1 — Principles, types and content of coordination

BASIC Explain the principles, types and content of 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ATMB coordination. ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Annex 11 5.1.1 Optional content: notification, negotiation,

agreement, transfer of flight data and local

agreements, etc.

Subtopic ATMB 5.2 — Necessity for coordination

BASIC Appreciate the need for coordination. 3 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation ATMB (EU) No 923/2012, local procedures, letters of 5.2.1 agreement BASIC Differentiate between transfer of control 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ATMB and transfer of communication procedures. 5.2.2

Subtopic ATMB 5.3 — Means of coordination

BASIC Describe the means of coordination. 2 Optional content: data link, telephone, ATMB intercom, voice, etc. 5.3.1 BASIC Use the available means for coordination. 3 ATMB 5.3.2

TOPIC ATMB 6 — DATA DISPLAY

Subtopic ATMB 6.1 — Data extraction

BASIC Encode and decode an appropriate 3 Optional content: ICAO Doc 8585, ATMB selection of standard ICAO abbreviations. ICAO Doc 8643, ICAO Doc 7910 6.1.1 BASIC Extract pertinent data from relevant 3 Pilot reports, coordination, data exchange ATMB sources to produce a flight progress display. Optional content: flight plan

TOPIC ATMB 6 — DATA DISPLAY 6.1.2

BASIC Encode and decode flight plans (including 3 ICAO format, AFTN format ATMB supplementary information). 6.1.3

Subtopic ATMB 6.2 — Data management

BASIC Update the situation display to accurately 3 Optional content: strip marking symbols, strip ATMB reflect the traffic situation. movement procedures, electronic data, label 6.2.1

TOPIC ATMB 7 — SEPARATIONS Subtopic ATMB 7.1 — Vertical separation and procedures

BASIC State the vertical separation standards. 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) ATMB 2017/373 7.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 BASIC Explain the vertical separation procedures. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) ATMB 2017/373 7.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444

Subtopic ATMB 7.2 — Horizontal separation and procedures

BASIC State the principles of longitudinal 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No ATMB separation procedures based on time and 923/2012 7.2.1 distance. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 BASIC State the principles of lateral separation 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No ATMB procedures. 923/2012 7.2.2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444

Subtopic ATMB 7.3 — Visual separation

BASIC State the occasions when clearance to fly by 1 ATMB maintaining own separation while in VMC 7.3.1 can be used.

Subtopic ATMB 7.4 — Aerodrome separation and procedures

BASIC State the aerodrome separation standards. 1 Separation on the manoeuvring area, in the ATMB traffic circuit, for departing and arriving 7.4.1 aircraft BASIC Explain the aerodrome separation 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) No ATMB procedures. 923/2012 7.4.2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 BASIC Define essential local traffic. 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ATMB 7.4.3

Subtopic ATMB 7.5 — Separation based on ATS surveillance systems

BASIC Explain the use of ATS surveillance systems 2 Separation, identification, monitoring, ATMB in ATS. vectoring, expedition and assistance to traffic 7.5.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 BASIC Explain the ATS surveillance systems 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ATMB separation standards and procedures. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 7.5.2 BASIC Explain the methods and procedures for 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ATMB establishing identification. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 7.5.3

TOPIC ATMB 7 — SEPARATIONS Subtopic ATMB 7.6 — Wake turbulence separation

BASIC Explain wake turbulence separation. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation (EU) ATMB 2017/373 7.6.1 Optional content: EASA SIB 2017-10 ‘En-route

Wake Turbulence Encounters’

TOPIC ATMB 8 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATMB 8.1 — Airborne safety nets

BASIC State the European Union requirement for 1 Regulation (EU) No 1332/2011 ATMB carriage of airborne collision avoidance 8.1.1 system. BASIC Explain the main characteristics of airborne 2 ACAS, TAWS ATMB safety nets and their relevance to ATC Optional content: TCAS, EGPWS, wind shear 8.1.2 operations. alerts BASIC Explain the function of ACAS Traffic Alerts 2 Regulation (EU) No 1332/2011, ATMB and Resolution Advisories. ICAO Doc 8168 8.1.3 Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets BASIC List the actions of the pilot in case of TA and 1 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Doc 9863 ATMB RA. 8.1.4 BASIC List the ACAS limitations. 1 ICAO Doc 9863 ATMB Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 8.1.5

Subtopic ATMB 8.2 — Ground-based safety nets

BASIC Explain the main characteristics of ground- 2 Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APM, ATMB based safety nets and their relevance to Skybrary Safety Nets 8.2.1 ATC operations.

TOPIC ATMB 9 — BASIC PRACTICAL SKILLS Subtopic ATMB 9.1 — Traffic management process

BASIC Consider human information-processing in 2 Situational awareness, conflict detection, ATMB the provision of ATC. planning, decision-making, prioritisation, 9.1.1 execution BASIC Consider the need for verification that 2 Monitoring ATMB actions are carried out. 9.1.2

Subtopic ATMB 9.2 — Basic practical skills applicable to all ratings

BASIC Verify that the settings of the working 3 ATMB position are appropriate. 9.2.1 BASIC Operate the available working position 3 ATMB equipment. 9.2.2 BASIC Maintain situational awareness by 3 Information gathering, scanning, planning ATMB monitoring traffic. 9.2.3

TOPIC ATMB 9 — BASIC PRACTICAL SKILLS

BASIC Appreciate priority of actions. 3 ATMB 9.2.4 BASIC Execute selected plan. 3 ATMB 9.2.5 BASIC Apply the prescribed procedures for the 3 Optional content: LOPs, transfer of control ATMB area of responsibility. and communication, level allocation, inbound 9.2.6 and outbound procedures BASIC Appreciate relative velocity between 3 ATMB aircraft. 9.2.7 BASIC Identify separation problems. 3 ATMB 9.2.8 BASIC Choose the appropriate separation 3 ATMB methods. 9.2.9 BASIC Apply separation. 3 Optional content: vertical, longitudinal, ATMB lateral, aerodrome, based on ATS surveillance 9.2.10 systems, distances from airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATMB 9.3 — Basic practical skills applicable to aerodromes

BASIC Perform the basic functions of aerodrome 3 ATMB control. 9.3.1 BASIC Perform the control of aerodrome traffic. 3 Single runway operations including VFR and ATMB IFR traffic 9.3.2

Subtopic ATMB 9.4 — Basic practical skills applicable to surveillance

BASIC Apply the procedures for establishing 3 Any of the ATS surveillance systems ATMB identification. identification methods 9.4.1 BASIC Estimate the heading for a new track and 3 ATMB the distance to the next waypoint. 9.4.2 BASIC Apply vectoring techniques. 3 ATMB 9.4.3 BASIC Conduct level changes. 3 Optional content: cruising level allocation, ATMB requested level change, climb/descent to exit 9.4.4 level, descent to an altitude or a height

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC METB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO METEOROLOGY Subtopic METB 1.1 — Application of units of measurement

BASIC Apply the units of measurement 3 METB appropriate to meteorology. 1.1.1

Subtopic METB 1.2 — Aviation and meteorology

BASIC Recognise the relevance of meteorology in 1 METB aviation. 1.2.1 BASIC Explain the requirements for the provision 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 METB of meteorological information available to Optional content: ICAO Annex 3, 1.2.2 operators, flight crew members, and to air ICAO Annex 11 traffic services. BASIC State the meteorological hazards to 1 Turbulence, thunderstorms, icing, micro METB aviation. bursts, squall, macro burst, wind shear, 1.2.3 volcanic ash

Subtopic METB 1.3 — Organisation of meteorological service

BASIC State the basic duties of meteorological 1 Optional content: WAFS, WAFC, MWO, VAAC, METB offices. TCAC, SADIS, aerodrome meteorological 1.3.1 office, aeronautical meteorological station BASIC State the international and national 1 METB standards for coordination between ATS 1.3.2 and MET services.

TOPIC METB 2 — ATMOSPHERE Subtopic METB 2.1 — Composition and structure

BASIC State the composition and structure of the 1 Gases, layers METB atmosphere. 2.1.1 BASIC Describe the basic characteristics of the 2 Temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, METB atmospheric parameters measured. density 2.1.2 BASIC List the tools used for the collection of 1 Optional content: barometer, thermometer, METB meteorological data. ceilometer, anemometer, weather balloons, 2.1.3 transmissometer, radar, satellites, etc.

Subtopic METB 2.2 — Standard atmosphere

BASIC Describe the elements of the International 2 Temperature, pressure, density METB Standard Atmosphere (ISA). 2.2.1 BASIC State the reasons why the ISA has been 1 METB defined. 2.2.2

Subtopic METB 2.3 — Heat and temperature

BASIC Define the processes by which heat is 1 Radiation, convection, advection, conduction, METB transferred and how the atmosphere is water cycle 2.3.1 heated.

TOPIC METB 2 — ATMOSPHERE

BASIC Describe how temperature varies. 2 Adiabatic processes, lapse rates, stability, METB instability 2.3.2 BASIC State the influencing factors on surface 1 METB temperature. 2.3.3

Subtopic METB 2.4 — Water in the atmosphere

BASIC Differentiate between the different 2 Condensation, evaporation, sublimation, METB processes related to atmospheric moisture. saturation 2.4.1 BASIC Characterise relative humidity, dew point 2 METB and latent heat. 2.4.2

Subtopic METB 2.5 — Air pressure

BASIC Describe the relationship between 2 METB pressure, temperature, density and height. 2.5.1 BASIC Explain the relationship between pressure 2 QFE, QNH, standard pressure METB settings. 2.5.2 BASIC Explain the effect of air pressure and 2 METB temperature on altimeter readings and the 2.5.3 true altitude of aircraft.

TOPIC METB 3 — ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION Subtopic METB 3.1 — General air circulation

BASIC State the major atmospheric circulation 1 Optional content: Hadley cells, high and low METB features on the Earth. belts, polar fronts, westerly winds, upper-level 3.1.1 jet streams

Subtopic METB 3.2 — Air masses and frontal systems

BASIC State the typical air masses relevant to 1 Optional content: polar, arctic, tropical, METB European weather. equatorial (maritime and continental) 3.2.1 BASIC Recognise the main isobaric features. 1 Optional content: cyclones, anticyclones METB 3.2.2 BASIC Describe the difference between various 1 Warm front, cold front, occluded front METB fronts and the associated weather. 3.2.3

Subtopic METB 3.3 — Mesoscale systems

BASIC Recognise the main phenomena caused by 1 Mountain waves, valley winds, thunderstorm, METB mesoscale systems. squall line 3.3.1 Optional content: land/sea breezes, tornadoes, land spouts, waterspouts, Föhn,

slope winds

BASIC Explain the relevance of mesoscale systems 2 METB to aviation. 3.3.2

Subtopic METB 3.4 — Wind

TOPIC METB 3 — ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION

BASIC Explain the significance of wind phenomena 2 Optional content: veering, backing, gusting, METB and types. jet streams, land/sea breezes, Föhn, surface, 3.4.1 upper BASIC State the means by which wind is 1 Anemometer, wind sock METB measured. Optional content: wind sensor, Beaufort scale, 3.4.2 etc. BASIC Explain the effect of forces which influence 2 METB wind. 3.4.3

TOPIC METB 4 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA Subtopic METB 4.1 — Clouds

BASIC Explain the different conditions for the 2 METB formation of clouds. 4.1.1 BASIC State the different cloud types and their 1 METB main characteristics. 4.1.2 BASIC State how the cloud base and the amount 1 METB of cloud are measured and/or observed. 4.1.3 BASIC Define cloud base and ceiling. 1 METB 4.1.4 BASIC Differentiate between cloud base and 2 METB ceiling. 4.1.5

Subtopic METB 4.2 — Types of precipitation

BASIC Explain the significance of precipitation in 2 METB aviation. 4.2.1 BASIC Describe types of precipitation and their 2 Optional content: rain, snow, snow grains, METB corresponding cloud families. hail, ice pellets, ice crystals, drizzle 4.2.2

Subtopic METB 4.3 — Visibility

BASIC Explain the causes of atmospheric 2 METB obscurity. 4.3.1 BASIC Differentiate between different types of 2 Horizontal visibility, slant visibility, prevailing METB visibility. visibility, RVR 4.3.2 BASIC State the means by which visibility is 1 METB measured. 4.3.3 BASIC Explain the significance of visibility in 2 METB aviation. 4.3.4

Subtopic METB 4.4 — Meteorological hazards

TOPIC METB 4 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA

BASIC Explain the meteorological hazards to 2 Turbulence, icing, micro bursts, macro burst, METB aviation. wind shear, thunderstorms, volcanic ash 4.4.1 Optional content: squall BASIC Describe the effect of meteorological 2 METB hazards on aviation. 4.4.2

TOPIC METB 5 — METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION FOR AVIATION

Subtopic METB 5.1 — Messages and reports

BASIC Decode the content of weather reports and 3 METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET METB forecasts. Optional content: local reports 5.1.1

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAVB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO NAVIGATION

Subtopic NAVB 1.1 — Application of units of measurement

BASIC Apply the units of measurement appropriate 3 NAVB to navigation. 1.1.1

Subtopic NAVB 1.2 — Purpose and use of navigation

BASIC Explain the need for navigation in aviation. 2 NAVB 1.2.1 BASIC Characterise navigation methods. 2 Optional content: historical overview, NAVB celestial, on-board, radio, satellites 1.2.2

TOPIC NAVB 2 — THE EARTH Subtopic NAVB 2.1 — Place and movement of the Earth

BASIC Explain the Earth’s properties and their 2 Form, size, rotation, revolution in space, NAVB effects. seasons, day, night, twilight, units of time, 2.1.1 time zones, UTC

Subtopic NAVB 2.2 — System of coordinates, direction and distance

BASIC Characterise the general principles of a grid 2 Latitude/longitude, degrees, minutes, NAVB system. seconds 2.2.1 BASIC Explain direction and distance on a globe. 2 Optional content: great circle, small circle, NAVB rhumb line, cardinal points, intercardinal 2.2.2 points BASIC Estimate position on the Earth’s surface. 3 Latitude/longitude NAVB 2.2.3 BASIC State the reference system used in aviation. 1 WGS 84 NAVB Optional content: impact of alternative 2.2.4 reference models

TOPIC NAVB 2 — THE EARTH Subtopic NAVB 2.3 — Magnetism

BASIC Explain the general principles of the Earth’s 2 True north, magnetic north, variation, NAVB magnetism. deviation, inclination, declination 2.3.1 BASIC Calculate conversions between the three 3 True north, magnetic north, compass north NAVB north designations. 2.3.2

TOPIC NAVB 3 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAVB 3.1 — Maps and charts used in aviation

BASIC Differentiate between the various maps and 2 AIP NAVB charts. 3.1.1 BASIC State the specific use of various maps and 1 NAVB charts. 3.1.2 BASIC Decode symbols and information displayed 3 Optional content: chart scale, topographical NAVB on maps and charts. features, NAV aids, fixes, fly-over and fly-by 3.1.3 waypoints, display of true north, magnetic north, variation, etc.

TOPIC NAVB 4 — NAVIGATIONAL BASICS

Subtopic NAVB 4.1 — Influence of wind

BASIC Appreciate the influence of wind on the flight 3 Heading, track, drift, wind vector NAVB path. Optional content: triangle of velocities 4.1.1

Subtopic NAVB 4.2 — Speed

BASIC Explain the relationship between various 2 True air speed, ground speed, indicated air NAVB speeds used in aviation. speed (including Mach number) 4.2.1 BASIC Appreciate the use of various speeds in ATC. 3 NAVB 4.2.2

Subtopic NAVB 4.3 — Visual navigation

BASIC Describe visual navigation. 2 Map reading, visual reference NAVB 4.3.1 BASIC State the cases where visual navigation is 1 Approach and landing, taxiing NAVB primarily used in commercial aviation. Optional content: visual aids 4.3.2

Subtopic NAVB 4.4 — Navigational aspects of flight planning

BASIC Describe the navigational aspects affecting 2 Optional content: fuel/time calculations, NAVB flight planning. minimum altitudes, alternative routes, 4.4.1 weather conditions, ICAO Flight Plan (Item 18

use)

TOPIC NAVB 5 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAVB 5.1 — Ground-based systems

BASIC Explain the basic working principles of 2 VOR, DME, ILS NAVB ground-based systems. Optional content: VDF, NDB, TACAN 5.1.1 BASIC State the use of ground-based systems. 1 VOR, DME, ILS NAVB Optional content: VDF, NDB, TACAN 5.1.2 BASIC Characterise the main radio navigation 2 Area navigation, conventional navigation NAVB techniques based on ground-based systems. Optional content: homing, inbound/ outbound 5.1.3 tracking, instrument approach procedures,

holding, drift assessment

BASIC Explain the accuracy and limitations of 2 VDF, NDB, VOR, DME, ILS NAVB ground-based systems. Optional content: TACAN 5.1.4

Subtopic NAVB 5.2 — Inertial navigation systems

BASIC Explain the basic working principles, precision 2 Optional content: INS/IRS NAVB and limitations of on-board systems. 5.2.1 BASIC State the use of on-board systems. 1 NAVB 5.2.2

Subtopic NAVB 5.3 — Satellite-based systems

BASIC Explain the basic working principles of a 2 Optional content: GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, NAVB satellite positioning system. Beidou 5.3.1 BASIC State the basic principles of the GNSS 1 Basic, ABAS, SBAS, GBAS NAVB concept. Optional content: core constellations, MCMF, 5.3.2 integrity, RAIM, accuracy improvement,

geometric altitude accuracy

BASIC Explain the limitations of satellite-based 2 GPS, Galileo NAVB systems. Optional content: GLONASS, Beidou, integrity, 5.3.3 GPS NOTAMs

Subtopic NAVB 5.4 — Instrument approach procedures

BASIC Recognise various types of instrument 1 Precision Approach (PA), Approach Procedure NAVB approach using aeronautical charts. with Vertical guidance (APV), Non-Precision 5.4.1 Approach (NPA) BASIC Differentiate between precision approach 2 Optional content: 2D/3D operations NAVB and non-precision approach procedures. 5.4.2 BASIC Recognise the different minima used during 1 NAVB an instrument approach. 5.4.3 BASIC Define the terms appropriate to instrument 1 OCA/OCH, MDA/MDH and DA/DH NAVB approach minima. 5.4.4 BASIC List the instrument approach fixes. 1 IAF, IF, FAF, FAP, MAPt NAVB 5.4.5

TOPIC NAVB 6 — PERFORMANCE-BASED NAVIGATION Subtopic NAVB 6.1 — Principles and benefits of area navigation

BASIC Explain the basic principles of area 2 Optional content: requirement for navigation NAVB navigation. computer, suitable sensors, ICAO Doc 9613 6.1.1 BASIC State the benefits of area navigation. 1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 9613 NAVB 6.1.2 BASIC State the effects of navigational performance 1 TSE, PDE, NSE, FTE NAVB accuracy of RNAV systems on the flight. Optional content: high-quality data, 6.1.3 ICAO Doc 9613 BASIC Characterise the main aircraft and avionics 2 Optional content: database, fly-over and fly- NAVB functionalities used in area navigation. by waypoints transitions, managed turns (RF 6.1.4 and FRT) path terminators, parallel offset,

autopilot/flight director (AP/FD)

BASIC Characterise the navigational functions of 2 Optional content: VNAV, LNAV NAVB FMS. 6.1.5

Subtopic NAVB 6.2 — Introduction to PBN

BASIC State the general concept of PBN. 1 Components of PBN NAVB Optional content: key enabler, 6.2.1 ICAO Doc 9613 BASIC Differentiate between RNAV and RNP. 2 On-board performance monitoring and NAVB alerting 6.2.2 Optional content: different generations of

aircraft and on-board systems

BASIC State the navigation infrastructure that may 1 VOR, DME, GNSS NAVB be used in PBN. Optional content: functionality IRS/INS 6.2.3 BASIC State the benefits of the PBN concept. 1 Optional content: global interoperability, NAVB limited number of navigation specifications, 6.2.4 the PBN concept enables continuous descent

operations (CDO) and continuous climb operations (CCO)

BASIC List the navigation specifications and the 1 RNAV 10, RNAV 5, RNAV 2, RNAV 1, RNP 4, NAVB phases of flight they are applicable to. RNP 2, RNP 1, RNP 0.3, A-RNP, RNP APCH and 6.2.5 RNP AR APCH

Optional content: ICAO Doc 9613

Subtopic NAVB 6.3 — PBN applications

BASIC State the navigation applications used in 1 RNAV 5, RNAV 1, RNP 1 with RF, RNP 0.3, NAVB Europe. RNP APCH 6.3.1 Optional content: PCP (Regulation (EU) No 716/2014 )

(AF #1, AF #3), PBN (Regulation (EU)

2018/1048)

TOPIC NAVB 7 — DEVELOPMENTS IN NAVIGATION

Subtopic NAVB 7.1 — Future developments

BASIC State future developments in navigation. 1 Optional content: 3D VNAV outside FA, NAVB trajectory-based operations 7.1.1

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFTB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO AIRCRAFT Subtopic ACFTB 1.1 — Application of units of measurement

BASIC Apply the units of measurement appropriate 3 ACFTB to aircraft and the principles of flight. 1.1.1

Subtopic ACFTB 1.2 — Aviation and aircraft

BASIC Explain the relevance of theory of flight and 2 ACFTB aircraft characteristics in ATS operations. 1.2.1

TOPIC ACFTB 2 — PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT Subtopic ACFTB 2.1 — Forces acting on aircraft

BASIC Explain the forces acting on an aircraft in 2 Lift, thrust, drag, weight during level flight ACFTB flight and their interaction. Optional content: during climb, descent, turn 2.1.1 BASIC Explain causes and effects of wake 2 Induced drag ACFTB turbulence. 2.1.2

Subtopic ACFTB 2.2 — Structural components and control of an aircraft

BASIC Describe the main structural components of 2 Rotary and fixed wing, tail plane, fuselage, ACFTB an aircraft. flap, aileron, elevator, rudder, landing gear 2.2.1 BASIC Explain how the pilot controls the 2 Rudder, aileron, elevator, throttle, rotary ACFTB movements of an aircraft. wing controls 2.2.2 BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft 2 ACFTB stability. 2.2.3 BASIC List aircraft design features reducing 1 Optional content: winglet, tip tanks, reducing ACFTB induced drag. wing incidence, aspect ratio, etc. 2.2.4 BASIC Explain aircraft lights and their functions. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ICAO Annex 6 ACFTB Optional content: position lights, anti-collision 2.2.5 lights, taxi lights, navigation lights,

stroboscopic lights, landing lights

Subtopic ACFTB 2.3 — Flight envelope

BASIC Characterise the critical factors which affect 2 Maximum speeds, minimum and stall speeds, ACFTB aircraft performance. ceiling, critical angle of attack, maximum ROC 2.3.1

TOPIC ACFTB 2 — PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT

TOPIC ACFTB 3 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES

Subtopic ACFTB 3.1 — Aircraft categories

BASIC List the different categories of aircraft. 1 Fixed wing, rotary wing, balloon, glider, RPAS ACFTB 3.1.1

Subtopic ACFTB 3.2 — Wake turbulence categories

BASIC List the wake turbulence categories. 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ACFTB 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFTB 3.3 — ICAO approach categories

BASIC List the ICAO approach categories. 1 ICAO Doc 8168 ACFTB 3.3.1

Subtopic ACFTB 3.4 — Environmental categories

BASIC List the ICAO noise classification. ICAO Annex 16 ACFTB Optional content 3.4.1 https://www.easa.europa.eu/eaer/topics/tec hnology-and-design/aircraft-noise

TOPIC ACFTB 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA

Subtopic ACFTB 4.1 — Recognition

BASIC Recognise the most commonly used aircraft. 1 ACFTB 4.1.1

Subtopic ACFTB 4.2 — Performance data

BASIC State the ICAO aircraft type designators and 1 Type designators, approach and wake ACFTB categories for the most commonly used turbulence categories 4.2.1 aircraft. BASIC State the standard average performance 1 Rate of climb/descent, cruising speed, ceiling ACFTB data of the most commonly used aircraft. 4.2.2

TOPIC ACFTB 5 — AIRCRAFT ENGINES Subtopic ACFTB 5.1 — Piston engines

BASIC Explain the operating principles, advantages 2 Piston engines, fixed pitch, variable pitch, ACFTB and disadvantages of the piston engine and number of blades 5.1.1 propeller.

Subtopic ACFTB 5.2 — Jet engines

BASIC Explain the operating principles, advantages 2 ACFTB and disadvantages of the jet engine. 5.2.1 BASIC List the different types of jet engines. 1 ACFTB 5.2.2

Subtopic ACFTB 5.3 — Turboprop engines

BASIC Explain the operating principles, advantages 2 ACFTB and disadvantages of the turboprop engine 5.3.1 and propeller.

TOPIC ACFTB 5 — AIRCRAFT ENGINES Subtopic ACFTB 5.4 — Electric engines

BASIC Explain the operating principles, advantages 2 ACFTB and disadvantages of the electric engine. 5.4.1

Subtopic ACFTB 5.5 — Sources of energy used in aviation

BASIC List the sources of energy used in aviation 1 Petroleum-based fuels (Avgas, Jet A-1, Jet B, ACFTB propulsion systems. biokerosene), electrical energy stored or 5.5.1 generated on board the aircraft

Optional content: hydrogen cell

TOPIC ACFTB 6 — AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFTB 6.1 — Flight instruments

BASIC Explain the basic operating principles and 2 Altimeter, air speed indicator, vertical speed ACFTB interpretation of the information displayed indicator, turn and bank indicator, artificial 6.1.1 by flight instruments. horizon, gyrosyn compass BASIC Explain the impact of errors and abnormal 2 Optional content: pitot-static failures, ACFTB indications of flight instruments on aircraft unreliable gyro source 6.1.2 operations.

Subtopic ACFTB 6.2 — Navigational instruments

BASIC Describe the basic on-board operating 2 Optional content: ADF, VOR (TACAN), DME, ACFTB principles and interpretation of the ILS, inertial reference system, satellite-based 6.2.1 information displayed by navigational systems instruments/systems.

Subtopic ACFTB 6.3 — Engine instruments

BASIC List the vital engine monitoring parameters 1 Optional content: oil pressure and ACFTB and their associated instruments. temperature, engine temperature, rpm, fuel 6.3.1 state and flow, battery resource

Subtopic ACFTB 6.4 — Aircraft elements and systems

BASIC Explain the use of the most common 2 SSR transponder, GPWS, EFIS, flight director, ACFTB aircraft systems. autopilot, FMS, ice protection, cabin 6.4.1 pressurisation, fire detection and extinguishing, emergency oxygen supply systems

Optional content: ADS capability, head-up

display, wind shear indicator, weather radar, hydraulic system, electrical system,

environmental system

BASIC Explain the impact of degradation/failure of 2 Engine failure ACFTB the most common aircraft systems on Optional content: hydraulic failure, electrical 6.4.2 aircraft operations. failure, environmental system failure,

degradation of aircraft position source data

BASIC Explain common aircraft elements and their 2 Aircraft cabin, flight deck, galley, doors, cargo ACFTB functions. compartments 6.4.3

TOPIC ACFTB 7 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

Subtopic ACFTB 7.1 — Take-off factors

BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft during 2 Runway conditions, runway slope, wind, ACFTB take-off. temperature, aerodrome elevation, aircraft 7.1.1 mass

Subtopic ACFTB 7.2 — Climb factors

BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft during 2 Speed, mass, wind, wind shear, temperature, ACFTB climb. cabin pressurisation, air density 7.2.1

Subtopic ACFTB 7.3 — Cruise factors

BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft during 2 Level, cruising speed, wind, mass, cabin ACFTB cruise. pressurisation 7.3.1

Subtopic ACFTB 7.4 — Descent and initial approach factors

BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft during 2 Wind, speed, rate of descent, aircraft ACFTB descent. configuration, cabin pressurisation 7.4.1 BASIC Explain the factors affecting an aircraft in a 2 Speed, level, turbulence, icing ACFTB holding pattern. 7.4.2 BASIC Explain the benefits of continuous descent 2 ACFTB operations. 7.4.3

Subtopic ACFTB 7.5 — Final approach and landing factors

BASIC Explain the factors affecting aircraft during 2 Aircraft configuration, mass, wind, wind ACFTB final approach and landing. shear, aerodrome elevation, runway 7.5.1 conditions, runway slope

Subtopic ACFTB 7.6 — Economic factors

BASIC Explain the economic consequences of ATC 2 Routing, flight level, speed, rates of climb or ACFTB changes on the flight profile of an aircraft. descent, continuous descent operations 7.6.1 (CDO), continuous climb operations (CCO)

Subtopic ACFTB 7.7 — Environmental factors

BASIC Explain performance restrictions due to 2 Optional content: continuous descent ACFTB environmental considerations. operations (CDO), continuous climb 7.7.1 operations (CCO), fuel-dumping, noise-

abatement procedures, minimum flight levels

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUMB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN PERFORMANCE Subtopic HUMB 1.1 — Relevance of human factors to ATC

BASIC Define human factors. 1 HUMB 1.1.1 BASIC Define human performance. 1 HUMB 1.1.2

TOPIC HUMB 1 — INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN PERFORMANCE

BASIC Explain the relevance of human factors to 2 Historical background, safety impact on ATM, HUMB ATM. licensing requirements, incidents 1.1.3 BASIC Recognise the evolution of human 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) 2015/340; HUMB performance during an ATCO’s career. experience; initial, unit, continuation and 1.1.4 development training

TOPIC HUMB 2 — HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Subtopic HUMB 2.1 — Fitness for duty

BASIC Recognise the effect of health and well- 1 HUMB being on fitness for duty. 2.1.1 BASIC List the reasons for provisional inability to 1 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 HUMB exercise the privileges of the ATCO licence. 2.1.2 BASIC Recognise signs of lack of personal fitness. 1 Cognitive and physical fitness HUMB 2.1.3 BASIC Describe good practices that contribute to 2 Optional content: fitness, diet HUMB maintaining fitness for duty. 2.1.4

Subtopic HUMB 2.2 — Stress and fatigue

BASIC Define stress. 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 HUMB 2.2.1 BASIC Define fatigue. 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 HUMB 2.2.2 BASIC Differentiate between stress and fatigue. 2 ICAO Doc 9966 HUMB 2.2.3 BASIC Explain the causal factors of stress and 2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL Fatigue HUMB fatigue. and sleep management 2.2.4

Subtopic HUMB 2.3 — Substance use and responsibility

BASIC Define psychoactive substance. 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 HUMB 2.3.1 BASIC Explain the effect of psychoactive substance 2 HUMB use on the individual and on safety. 2.3.2 BASIC Describe individual responsibility in terms of 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 HUMB psychoactive substance use. 2.3.3

TOPIC HUMB 3 — HUMAN PERFORMANCE Subtopic HUMB 3.1 — Individual behaviour

BASIC Define human behaviour. 1 HUMB 3.1.1 BASIC Explain the differences and commonalities 2 Optional content: attitude, cultural, HUMB that exist among people. language, motivation 3.1.2 BASIC Describe the reasons for complacency and 2 Safety, working relationship — team HUMB the associated effects. 3.1.3 BASIC Describe the reasons for overconfidence 2 Safety, working relationship — team HUMB and the associated effects. 3.1.4 BASIC Explain the dangers of boredom. 2 HUMB 3.1.5

Subtopic HUMB 3.2 — Safety culture and professional conduct

BASIC Recognise professional conduct in the 1 Optional content: professionalism, attitude, HUMB workplace. communication, teamwork 3.2.1 BASIC Describe how the air traffic controller 2 Optional content: attitude towards safety, HUMB contributes to a positive safety culture. punctuality, rigour, adherence to rules and 3.2.2 regulations, teamwork attitude, etc. BASIC Consider the factors which influence 2 Optional content: situation, team, personal HUMB responsible behaviour. situation and judgement, instance of 3.2.3 justification, moral motivation, personality

TOPIC HUMB 4 — HUMAN ERROR Subtopic HUMB 4.1 — Definition of human error

BASIC Define human error. 1 HUMB 4.1.1

Subtopic HUMB 4.2 — Classification of human error

BASIC List the types of errors. 1 Optional content: slips, lapses, mistakes HUMB 4.2.1 BASIC Describe the factors which contribute to the 2 Fatigue, lack of skill, misunderstanding, HUMB occurrence of different types of errors and multitasking, lack of information, distraction, 4.2.2 how these may be reduced. lack of work satisfaction BASIC Define violations. 1 HUMB 4.2.3 BASIC Differentiate between errors and violations 2 HUMB of rules and their consequences for the 4.2.4 controller.

TOPIC HUMB 5 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUMB 5.1 — Teamwork and team roles

BASIC Define teamwork. 1 HUMB 5.1.1 BASIC Describe the differences between social 2 HUMB human relations and professional 5.1.2 interactions. BASIC Explain the different types of teams in the 2 Optional content: executive/planner, shift HUMB ATC environment. team, sector group or ATC unit team, team 5.1.3 with pilots, team with adjacent ATC units BASIC Recognise the different types, roles and 1 HUMB characters in a team 5.1.4 BASIC Characterise the principles of teamwork. 2 Optional content: team membership, team HUMB roles, group dynamics, 5.1.5 advantages/disadvantages of teamwork,

conflicts and their solutions

TOPIC HUMB 6 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic HUMB 6.1 — Communication in ATC

BASIC Define communication. 1 HUMB 6.1.1 BASIC List an ATCO’s communication partners. 1 HUMB 6.1.2 BASIC Explain good communication practices. 2 Speaking and listening HUMB 6.1.3 BASIC Differentiate between hearing and listening. 2 HUMB 6.1.4

Subtopic HUMB 6.2 — Communication modes

BASIC Describe the factors which affect verbal 2 Optional content: word choice, intonation, HUMB communication. speed, tone, distortion, load, expectation, 6.2.1 noise, interruption, language competence BASIC Describe the factors which affect non-verbal 2 Optional content: touch, choice, expectation, HUMB communication. noise, interruption 6.2.2 BASIC Describe misunderstandings that may arise 2 HUMB during a controller’s communication. 6.2.3

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPSB 1 — ATC EQUIPMENT

Subtopic EQPSB 1.1 — Main types of ATC equipment

BASIC Explain the relevance of ATC equipment. 2 CWP, communication equipment, ATS EQPSB surveillance systems 1.1.1

TOPIC EQPSB 2 — RADIO

Subtopic EQPSB 2.1 — Radio theory

BASIC Describe the characteristics of radio waves. 2 Propagation, limitations EQPSB 2.1.1 BASIC State the use, characteristics and limitations 1 Use in ATC, navigation and communications, EQPSB of frequency bands. and surveillance, use and application in the 2.1.2 Aeronautical Mobile Service BASIC State the different uses of radio wave 1 EQPSB spectrum. 2.1.3

Subtopic EQPSB 2.2 — Direction finding

BASIC State the principles and use of VDF/UDF. 1 VDF/UDF, QDM, QDR, QTE EQPSB Optional content: precision of VDF/UDF used 2.2.1 in the State system

TOPIC EQPSB 3 — COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPSB 3.1 — Radio communications

BASIC State the use of the radio in ATC. 1 EQPSB 3.1.1 BASIC Describe the working principles of a 2 EQPSB transmitting and receiving system. 3.1.2 BASIC Explain the effect of antenna shadowing on 2 EQPSB RTF communications. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPSB 3.2 — Voice communication between ATS units/positions and others

BASIC Describe the use of other voice 2 Optional content: telephone, interphone, EQPSB communications. intercom 3.2.1

Subtopic EQPSB 3.3 — Data link communications

BASIC Explain the use and benefits of controller 2 EQPSB pilot data link communications (CPDLC). 3.3.1 BASIC Explain the use and benefits of aircraft 2 EQPSB communications addressing and reporting 3.3.2 system (ACARS).

Subtopic EQPSB 3.4 — Airline communications

TOPIC EQPSB 3 — COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT

BASIC State the use of SELCAL. 1 EQPSB 3.4.1

TOPIC EQPSB 4 — INTRODUCTION TO SURVEILLANCE

Subtopic EQPSB 4.1 — Surveillance concept in ATS

BASIC Describe the concept of surveillance for the 2 EQPSB provision of ATS. 4.1.1

TOPIC EQPSB 5 — RADAR Subtopic EQPSB 5.1 — Principles of radar

BASIC State the principles of radar. 1 EQPSB 5.1.1 BASIC Recognise the characteristics of radar 1 EQPSB wavelengths. 5.1.2 BASIC Recognise the use, characteristics and 1 Optional content: frequency bands, long- and EQPSB limitations of different radar types. short-range radar, weather radar, high- 5.1.3 resolution radar

Subtopic EQPSB 5.2 — Primary radar

BASIC Explain the working principles of PSR. 2 EQPSB 5.2.1

Subtopic EQPSB 5.3 — Secondary radar

BASIC Explain the working principles of SSR. 2 Mode A, Mode C, Mode S EQPSB 5.3.1 BASIC Explain SSR code management 2 Discrete, non-discrete codes, special codes EQPSB 5.3.2 BASIC Explain the effect of antenna shadowing on 2 EQPSB SSR operation. 5.3.3

Subtopic EQPSB 5.4 — Use of radars

BASIC Explain the use of PSR/SSR in area, 2 Mode A, Mode C, Mode S, SMR EQPSB approach and aerodrome control. Optional content: DFTI 5.4.1 BASIC Explain the advantages and disadvantages 2 EQPSB of PSR/SSR. 5.4.2

TOPIC EQPSB 6 — AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE Subtopic EQPSB 6.1 — Principles of automatic dependent surveillance (ADS)

BASIC State the different applications of ADS. 1 ADS-B, ADS-C EQPSB 6.1.1 BASIC Explain the working principles of ADS. 2 EQPSB 6.1.2

Subtopic EQPSB 6.2 — Use of automatic dependent surveillance (ADS)

BASIC Describe the use of ADS in ATC. 2 Area, approach, aerodrome, ICAO Doc 4444 EQPSB 6.2.1 BASIC Explain the limitations of ADS. 2 Dependency on GNSS, dependency on EQPSB airborne equipment 6.2.2

TOPIC EQPSB 7 — MULTILATERATION Subtopic EQPSB 7.1 — Principles of multilateration (MLAT)

BASIC State the different applications of MLAT. 1 Optional content: ATC, environmental EQPSB management, airport operations, LAM, WAM 7.1.1 BASIC Explain the working principles of MLAT. 2 Optional content: passive and active MLAT EQPSB 7.1.2

Subtopic EQPSB 7.2 — Use of multilateration (MLAT)

BASIC Describe the use of MLAT in ATC. 2 Area, approach, aerodrome EQPSB 7.2.1 BASIC Explain the limitations of MLAT. 2 Dependency on airborne equipment EQPSB 7.2.2

TOPIC EQPSB 8 —DATA PROCESSING Subtopic EQPSB 8.1 — Surveillance data networking

BASIC Explain the advantages and disadvantages 2 Data quality, coverage, refresh rate, reliability, EQPSB of different surveillance technologies. redundancy, cost-effectiveness 8.1.1 BASIC Describe the implementation of 2 Optional content: different EQPSB Surveillance Data Networks. technologies/sensors, network 8.1.2

Subtopic EQPSB 8.2 — Working principles of surveillance data networking

BASIC State the working principles of surveillance 1 Surveillance information presented on CWP EQPSB data processing. 8.2.1 BASIC State other use of processed surveillance 1 Optional content: safety nets, airport EQPSB data. operations, environmental management 8.2.2

Subtopic EQPSB 8.3 — Flight data processing

TOPIC EQPSB 8 —DATA PROCESSING

BASIC Explain the FDPS core functions. 2 Optional content: system flight plan, data EQPSB input, SSR code management, coordination, 8.3.1 correlation/decorrelation, etc.

TOPIC EQPSB 9 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT

Subtopic EQPSB 9.1 — New developments

BASIC State the developments in the equipment 1 EQPSB field for introduction in the near future. 9.1.1

TOPIC EQPSB 10 — AUTOMATION IN ATS

Subtopic EQPSB 10.1 — Principles of automation

BASIC Describe the principles of automation in 2 EQPSB communication and data links in ATS. 10.1.1

Subtopic EQPSB 10.2 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

BASIC Describe the principles of AFTN. 2 EQPSB 10.2.1

Subtopic EQPSB 10.3 — Online data interchange

BASIC Describe the benefits of automatic exchange 2 Accuracy, speed and safety, non-verbal EQPSB of ATS data in coordination and transfer communication 10.3.1 processes. BASIC Describe the limitations of automatic 2 Non-recognition of a system’s failure EQPSB exchange of ATS data in coordination. 10.3.2

Subtopic EQPSB 10.4 — Systems used for the automatic dissemination of information

BASIC State the working principles of broadcasting 1 Optional content: ATIS, VOLMET EQPSB systems. 10.4.1 BASIC Explain the use of ATIS and VOLMET in ATS. 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, EQPSB ICAO Annex 3 10.4.2

TOPIC EQPSB 11 — WORKING POSITIONS

Subtopic EQPSB 11.1 — Working position equipment

BASIC Recognise equipment in a working position. 1 Optional content: FPB, radio, telephone and EQPSB other communications equipment, relevant 11.1.1 maps and charts, strip printer, teleprinter,

clock, information monitors, situation displays

Subtopic EQPSB 11.2 — Aerodrome control

BASIC Recognise equipment to be found 1 Optional content: wind indicator, aerodrome EQPSB specifically in a TWR. traffic monitor, SMR, crash alarm, signalling 11.2.1 lamp, lighting control panel, runway-in-use indicator, binoculars, signalling/flare gun,

IRVR and altimeter-setting indicators, local information systems

Subtopic EQPSB 11.3 — Approach control

TOPIC EQPSB 11 — WORKING POSITIONS BASIC Recognise equipment to be found 1 Optional content: sequencing system, PAR, EQPSB specifically in an APP. RVR indicators 11.3.1

Subtopic EQPSB 11.4 — Area control

BASIC Recognise equipment to be found 1 EQPSB specifically in an ACC. 11.4.1

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PENB 1 — FAMILIARISATION

Subtopic PENB 1.1 — ATS and aerodrome facilities

BASIC Recognise civil and military ATS facilities. 1 Optional content: TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, PENB Air Defence Unit 1.1.1 BASIC Recognise airport facilities and local 1 Optional content: firefighting and emergency PENB operators. services, airline operations 1.1.2

TOPIC PENB 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PENB 2.1 — Civil aviation

BASIC Describe airspace usage by civil aircraft. 2 Optional content: commercial flying, PENB recreational flying, RPAS, gliders, balloons, 2.1.1 calibration flights, aerial photography,

skydiving

Subtopic PENB 2.2 — Military aviation

BASIC Describe airspace usage by military aircraft. 2 Airspace reservations, training, interception, PENB in-flight refuelling, RPAS 2.2.1 Optional content: low-level flying, test flights,

special military operations

Subtopic PENB 2.3 — Pilot expectations and requirements

BASIC Recognise pilots’ expectations and 1 PENB requirements. 2.3.1 BASIC State the use of Standard Operating 1 PENB Procedures (SOPs) by aircraft operators. 2.3.2

TOPIC PENB 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PENB 3.1 — ATS as a service provider

BASIC State the role of ATS as a service provider. 1 Optional content: Skybrary — Air Traffic PENB Service 3.1.1 BASIC Recognise the means by which ATS providers 1 PENB are funded. 3.1.2

TOPIC PENB 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PENB 4.1 — Environmental protection

BASIC Describe the impact aviation has on the 2 Noise, air quality, climate change, third-party PENB environment. risks 4.1.1 BASIC Explain the role of ATS in the concept of 2 Optional content: ICAO Annex 16 PENB sustainable development. 4.1.2 BASIC State how the impact of aviation on the 1 Optional content: EU ETS, SES initiative, PENB environment can be mitigated by ANSPs. EUROCONTROL role, continuous descent 4.1.3 operations (CDOs), continuous climb

operations (CCO), collaborative environmental management (CEM), noise-abatement procedures

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(i) Composition of initial training

AERODROME CONTROL (ADC) RATING FOR ADC TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) The ATCO rating training Aerodrome Control Rating (ADC) should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects, topics and subtopics contained in point ATCO.D.10(a)(2)(i) Aerodrome Control Rating (ADC). (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.10(a)(2)(i) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTR 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTR 1.1 — Course introduction

ADC Explain the aims and main objectives 2 ALL INTR of the course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTR 1.2 — Course administration

ADC State how the course is administered. 1 ALL INTR 1.2.1

Subtopic INTR 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

ADC Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, ALL INTR sources for course studies. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server ADC Integrate appropriate information 4 Training documentation ALL INTR into course studies. Optional content: supplementary 1.3.2 information, library

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.1 — Course content and organisation

ADC State the different training methods 1 Theoretical training, practical training, ALL INTR used during the course. self-study, types of training events 2.1.1 ADC State the subjects covered by the 1 ALL INTR course and their purpose. 2.1.2 ADC Describe the organisation of 2 Optional content: course programme ALL INTR theoretical training. 2.1.3 ADC Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, ALL INTR training. briefing, debriefing, course programme 2.1.4

Subtopic INTR 2.2 — Training ethos

ADC Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Training progress, assessment, briefing, ALL INTR available. debriefing, learner–instructor feedback, 2.2.1 instructor–instructor feedback

Subtopic INTR 2.3 — Assessment process

ADC Describe the assessment process. 2 ALL INTR 2.3.1

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAW 1 — ATCO LICENSING/CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Subtopic LAW 1.1 — Privileges and conditions

ADC Appreciate the conditions which shall 3 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ADC LAW be met to issue an Aerodrome Optional content: national documents 1.1.1 Control rating. ADC Explain how to maintain and update 2 ALL LAW professional knowledge and skills to 1.1.2 retain competence in the operational environment. ADC Explain the conditions for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ALL LAW suspension/revocation of an ATCO 1.1.3 licence.

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAW 2.1 — Reports

ADC Describe the functions of, and 2 Reporting culture, forms for mandatory ALL LAW processes for, reporting. and voluntary occurrence reporting,

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

2.1.1 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 , Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 Optional content: breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records, voluntary reporting

ADC Use forms for reporting. 3 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, forms for ALL LAW mandatory and voluntary occurrence 2.1.2 reporting Optional content: routine air-reports, breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records

Subtopic LAW 2.2 — Airspace

ADC Appreciate airspace classes and 3 ADC LAW structure and their relevance to 2.2.1 operations using the Aerodrome Control rating. ADC Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW control actions appropriate to the No 923/2012 , international requirements, 2.2.2 classification and structure of civil requirements, military requirements, airspace. areas of responsibility, sectorisation,

national requirements

ADC Appreciate responsibility for terrain 3 ALL LAW clearance. 2.2.3

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAW 3.1 — Feedback process

ADC State the importance of controller 1 Optional content: voluntary reporting ALL LAW contribution to the feedback process. 3.1.1 ADC Describe how reported occurrences 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW are analysed. No 376/2014, local procedures 3.1.2 ADC Name the means used to disseminate 1 Optional content: safety letters, safety ALL LAW recommendations. boards web pages 3.1.3 ADC Appreciate the just culture concept. 3 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints ALL LAW Optional content: Skybrary 3.1.4

Subtopic LAW 3.2 — Safety investigation

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT

ADC Describe the role and objectives of 2 ALL LAW safety investigation in the 3.2.1 improvement of safety.

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Aerodrome control service

ADC Appreciate areas of responsibility. 3 Control zone, traffic circuit, manoeuvring ADC ATM area, movement area, vicinity 1.1.1 Optional content: ATZ ADC Provide aerodrome control service. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ADC ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 , operating 1.1.2 procedures for the simulated/training environment

Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS)

ADC Describe the information that shall be 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM passed on to aircraft by an aerodrome Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 1.2.1 controller. ADC Provide FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373++ 1.2.2 Optional content: national documents ADC Issue appropriate information. 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, essential local ADC ATM traffic, traffic information 1.2.3 ADC Appreciate the use of ATIS in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM provision of FIS. 1.2.4

Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS)

ADC Provide ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) ALL ATM No 923/2012 1.3.1 Optional content: national documents ADC Respond to distress and urgency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM messages and signals. ICAO Annex 10 1.3.2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management (ATFM)

ADC Appreciate the impact of the ATS 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM ADC ATM system capacity and air traffic flow Users Manual, slot management, slot 1.4.1 management on the controller.

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

allocation procedures, local

implementation of ATFCM principles, etc. ADC Organise traffic to take account of 4 Optional content: departure sequence ADC ATM flow management. 1.4.2 ADC Inform the appropriate local ATFM 3 Optional content: abnormal situations, ADC ATM unit of local factors affecting the ATS decrease in sector capacity, limitations on 1.4.3 system capacity and air traffic flow systems and equipment, changes in management. workload/capacity, unusual

meteorological conditions, relevant information: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution

TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication

ADC List the communication means 1 Optional content: electronic, written, ALL ATM between controllers. verbal and non-verbal communication 2.1.1 ADC Select the most suitable means of 5 ALL ATM communication given the situation. 2.1.2 ADC Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM Optional content: published national/local 2.1.3 language phraseology

ADC Ensure effective communication. 4 Use of plain language when required, ALL ATM communication within the sector/working 2.1.4 position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units, readback/verification of readback ADC Analyse examples of pilot–controller 4 Optional content: real-life recordings, ALL ATM communication for effectiveness. situation in the simulator 2.1.5

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances

ADC Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 3.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

ADC Integrate appropriate ATC clearances 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.1.2 ADC Ensure that the agreed course of 4 ALL ATM action is carried out. 3.1.3

Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions

ADC Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.2.1

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS

Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

ADC Integrate appropriate ATC 4 ALL ATM instructions into the control service. 3.2.2 ADC Ensure that the agreed course of 4 ALL ATM action is carried out. 3.2.3

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination

ADC Identify the need for coordination. 3 ALL ATM 4.1.1

Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination

ADC Use the available tools for 3 Optional content: electronic transfer of ALL ATM coordination. flight data, telephone, interphone, 4.2.1 intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone

(RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination

Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures

ADC Initiate appropriate coordination. 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for ALL ATM air–ground communications and 4.3.1 separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Optional content: release point

ADC Analyse the effect of coordination 4 Optional content: delegation/transfer of ALL ATM requested by an adjacent responsibility for air–ground 4.3.2 position/unit. communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. ADC Select, after negotiation, an 5 ALL ATM appropriate course of action. 4.3.3 ADC Ensure that the agreed course of 4 ALL ATM action is carried out. 4.3.4 ADC Coordinate when providing FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.5 ADC Coordinate when providing ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.6

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry

ADC Allocate levels according to altimetry 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM data. 5.1.1

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION

ADC Ensure separation according to 4 Optional content: transition level, ALL ATM altimetry data. transition altitude, transition layer, height, 5.1.2 flight level, altitude, vertical distance to

airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance

ADC Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: terrain clearance ADC ATM control actions appropriate to the dimensions, minimum safe altitudes, 5.2.1 rules for minimum safe height and transition level, minimum flight level, terrain clearance. minimum sector altitude

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Separation between departing aircraft

ADC Provide separation between 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM departing aircraft. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 6.1.1

Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Separation of departing aircraft from arriving aircraft

ADC Provide separation of departing 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM aircraft from arriving aircraft. 6.2.1

Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Separation of landing aircraft and preceding landing or departing aircraft

ADC Provide separation of landing aircraft 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM and preceding landing or departing 6.3.1 aircraft.

Subtopic ATM 6.4 — Time-based wake turbulence longitudinal separation

ADC Provide time-based wake turbulence 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ADC ATM longitudinal separation. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 6.4.1

Subtopic ATM 6.5 — Reduced separation minima

ADC Provide reduced separation minima. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM 6.5.1

TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets

ADC Recognise the independence of ACAS 2 ICAO Doc 9863 ALL ATM thresholds and ATC separation Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 7.1.1 standards. ADC Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM during and following an ACAS RA Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, 7.1.2 reported by the pilot. ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets ADC Respond to pilot notification of 3 Optional content: ACAS, Skybrary Safety ADC ATM actions based on airborne systems Nets 7.1.3 warnings.

Subtopic ATM 7.2 — Ground-based safety nets

ADC Respond to available ground-based 3 ADC ATM safety nets’ warnings. 7.2.1

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management

ADC Update the data display to accurately 3 Optional content: information displayed, ALL ATM reflect the traffic situation. strip-marking procedures, electronic 8.1.1 information data displays, actions based

on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

ADC Analyse pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.2 ADC Organise pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.3 ADC Obtain flight plan information. 3 CPL, supplementary information ALL ATM Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. 8.1.4 ADC Use flight plan information. 3 ALL ATM 8.1.5

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment

ADC Obtain information concerning the 3 Optional content: local/simulator ALL ATM operational environment. operation manuals, briefing, notices, 9.1.1 current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination,

verification of information

ADC Ensure the integrity of the 4 Optional content: frequency, VOLMET, ADC ATM operational environment. ATIS, SIGMET, systems’ set-up, integrity of 9.1.2 displays

Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures

ADC Check all relevant documentation 3 Optional content: briefing, letters of ALL ATM before managing traffic. agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs 9.2.1

Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover

ADC Transfer information to the relieving 3 ALL ATM controller. 9.3.1 ADC Obtain information from the 3 ALL ATM controller handing over. 9.3.2 ADC List possible actions to provide a safe 1 Optional content: rigour, preparation, ALL ATM position handover–takeover. overlap time 9.3.3 ADC Explain the consequences of a missed 2 ALL ATM position handover–takeover process. 9.3.4

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision

ADC Explain the responsibility for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ADC ATM provision of aerodrome control Regulation (EU) Νο 923/2012 10.1.1 service. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 ADC Describe the division of responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM among air traffic control units. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 10.1.2 ADC Describe the responsibility in regard 2 ICAO Doc 4444 ALL ATM to military traffic. Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 10.1.3 ADC Describe the responsibility in regard 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM to unmanned free balloons. 10.1.4 ADC Appreciate the influence of 3 Optional content: military flying, ALL ATM operational requirements. calibration flights, aerial photography 10.1.5

Subtopic ATM 10.2 — Traffic management process

ADC Ensure that situational awareness is 4 Information gathering, observation, traffic ADC ATM maintained. projection 10.2.1 ADC Detect conflicts in time for 4 ALL ATM appropriate resolution. 10.2.2 ADC Identify potential solutions to achieve 3 ADC ATM a safe and effective flow of 10.2.3 aerodrome traffic. ADC Evaluate possible outcomes of 5 ALL ATM different planning and control 10.2.4 actions. ADC Select an appropriate plan in time to 5 ADC ATM achieve safe and effective flow of 10.2.5 aerodrome traffic. ADC Ensure the adequate prioritisation of 4 ALL ATM actions. 10.2.6 ADC Execute the selected plan in a timely 3 ALL ATM manner. 10.2.7 ADC Ensure that a safe and efficient 4 Traffic monitoring, adaptability and ALL ATM outcome is achieved. follow-up 10.2.8

Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Aeronautical ground lights

ADC Select appropriate aeronautical 5 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM ground lights. 10.3.1

Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Information to aircraft by the aerodrome control tower

ADC Provide information related to the 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ADC ATM operation of aircraft. Regulation (EU) No 255/2010 10.4.1

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE

ADC Provide information on aerodrome 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ADC ATM conditions. (EU) 2017/373 10.4.2

Subtopic ATM 10.5 — Runway in use

ADC Select the runway in use. 5 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ADC ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.5.1 ADC Coordinate the runway in use. 4 Optional content: approach control, area ADC ATM control, runway selection, change of 10.5.2 runway ADC Manage traffic in the event of 4 Optional content: Skybrary ADC ATM runway-in-use change. 10.5.3

Subtopic ATM 10.6 — Control of aerodrome traffic

ADC Predict positions of aircraft in the 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM aerodrome traffic and taxi circuits. 10.6.1 ADC Manage traffic on the manoeuvring 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM area. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.6.2 Optional content: runway inspection ADC Manage traffic in accordance with a 4 Optional content: taxiway closure ADC ATM change to operational procedures. 10.6.3 ADC Balance the workload against 5 Optional content: replanning, prioritising ADC ATM personal capacity. solutions, denying requests, delaying 10.6.4 traffic

Subtopic ATM 10.7 — Control of airborne traffic

ADC Manage traffic in the traffic circuit. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.7.1 ADC Integrate the change in the 4 Optional content: limitations, availability ADC ATM serviceability of radio aids in the and status of ground-based and satellite- 10.7.2 management of aerodrome traffic. based systems ADC Integrate surface conditions into the 4 Optional content: damp, wet, water ADC ATM control of aerodrome traffic. patches, flooding, snow, slush, ice, braking 10.7.3 performance ADC Integrate information about 4 Optional content: clouds, precipitation, ADC ATM meteorological phenomena into the visibility, wind, meteorological hazards 10.7.4 control of aerodrome traffic. ADC Integrate the information provided by 4 ADC ATM situation displays. 10.7.5 ADC Issue missed approach or go-around 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ADC ATM instruction. (EU) 2027/373 10.7.6 Optional content: obstructed runway

Subtopic ATM 10.8 — Departing traffic

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE

ADC Manage departing aircraft. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, ADC ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.8.1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, use of situation displays, allocation of the order of priority, meteorological phenomena, environmental factors, wake turbulence, appropriate departure clearances, SIDs ADC Integrate departure sequence into 4 ICAO Doc 4444, ADC ATM the control of aerodrome traffic. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.8.2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC Provide appropriate information to 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM departing traffic. Regulation (EU) No 255/2010, use of 10.8.3 situation displays, wake turbulence

Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444

Subtopic ATM 10.9 — Arriving traffic

ADC Manage arriving aircraft. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ADC ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, use of 10.9.1 situation displays, allocation of the order of priority, meteorological phenomena, environmental factors, wake turbulence

Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444

ADC Integrate the approach sequence into 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM the control of aerodrome traffic. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.9.2 ADC Integrate aircraft on visual approach 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM into the aerodrome traffic. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.9.3 ADC Integrate aircraft on missed approach 4 ADC ATM into the aerodrome traffic. 10.9.4 ADC Integrate aircraft performing circling 4 ICAO Doc 8168 Volume II ADC ATM approach into the aerodrome traffic. 10.9.5 ADC Provide appropriate information to 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM arriving aircraft. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.9.6

Subtopic ATM 10.10 — Special VFR (SVFR) operations

ADC Manage the suspension of VFR 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM operations. 10.10.1 ADC Manage SVFR traffic. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ADC ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 10.10.1

Subtopic ATM 10.11 — Low-visibility operations

ADC Describe the procedures for low- 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ATM visibility operations. 10.11.1

Subtopic ATM 10.12 — Aerodrome control service with advanced system support

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE

ADC Appreciate the impact of advanced Optional content: surface manager ADC ATM systems on the provision of (SMAN), departure manager (DMAN), 10.12.1 aerodrome control service. automated conflict/incursion tools, alarms

and resolution advisory tools, automated assistance for surface movement planning and routing, enhanced vision technology in low visibility for controllers

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA Subtopic MET 1.1 — Meteorological phenomena

ADC Appreciate the impact of different 3 Cumulonimbus ADC MET cloud types. Optional content: stratus, nimbostratus, 1.1.1 etc. ADC Recognise different cloud types. 1 ADC MET 1.1.2 ADC Appreciate the impact of 3 Precipitation and microphysics ADC MET precipitation. Optional content: rain, snow, sleet, hail 1.1.3 ADC Appreciate the impact of atmospheric 3 Optional content: advection fog, radiation ADC MET obscurity. fog, mixing, evaporation, mist, drizzle 1.1.4 ADC Appreciate the effect and impact of 3 Gusting, veering, backing ADC MET wind. Optional content: land breezes, sea 1.1.5 breezes, Föhn ADC Appreciate the effect and danger of 3 Wind shear, turbulence, thunderstorms, ADC MET hazardous meteorological icing, microbursts 1.1.6 phenomena. ADC Appreciate the effect of a frontal 3 ADC MET system on aerodrome operations. 1.1.7 ADC Integrate data about meteorological 4 Clearances, instructions and transmitted ALL MET phenomena into the provision of ATS. information 1.1.8 Optional content: relevant meteorological

phenomena

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Subtopic MET 2.1 — Meteorological instruments

ADC Extract information from 3 Optional content: anemometer, RVR ADC MET meteorological instruments. indicator, cloud base indicator, ceilometer, 2.1.1 barometer

Subtopic MET 2.2 — Other sources of meteorological data

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA

ADC Decode information from 3 ALL MET meteorological data displays. 2.2.1 ADC Use appropriate communication tools 3 ADC MET and networks to obtain 2.2.2 meteorological data. ADC Relay meteorological information. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, ALL MET Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 2.2.3 Optional content: flight information

centre, adjacent ATS unit, ADS-C reports

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAV 1 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAV 1.1 — Maps and charts

ADC Decode symbols and information 3 Instrument approach charts, SID charts, ADC NAV displayed on aeronautical maps and aerodrome charts APP 1.1.1 charts. Optional content: visual approach charts, APS

military maps and charts

ADC Use relevant maps and charts. 3 ALL NAV 1.1.2

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAV 2.1 — Navigational systems

ADC Describe how the operational status 2 Optional content: VDF, NDB, VOR, DME, ADC NAV of navigational systems may change. ILS, ABAS, SBAS, GBAS, RNP 2.1.1 ADC Appreciate the effect of a change on 3 Optional content: precision, limitations, ALL NAV the operational status of navigational status, degraded procedures 2.1.2 systems. ADC Decode operational status displays of 3 Optional content: VDF, NDB, VOR, DME, ADC NAV navigational systems. ILS and GBAS 2.1.3

Subtopic NAV 2.2 — Stabilised approach

ADC Describe the concept of stabilised 2 Optional content: Skybrary ADC NAV approach. APP 2.2.1 APS ADC Appreciate the effect of late change of 3 Cockpit workload ADC NAV runway-in-use for landing aircraft. Optional content: impact on vertical 2.2.2 profile (CDO), FMS management, crew

procedure briefing, missed approach, loss

of situational awareness, etc.

Subtopic NAV 2.3 — Instrument departures and arrivals

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION

ADC Describe relevant SIDs. 2 ADC NAV 2.3.1 ADC Describe the types and phases of 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Annex 6 ADC NAV instrument approach procedures. APP 2.3.2 APS ADI (TWR) Describe the relevant minima 2 Optional content: Type A/B operations, ADC NAV applicable for a precision/non- CAT I/II/III criteria, LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, APP 2.3.3 precision and visual approach. LPV, RNP AR APCH minima APS

Subtopic NAV 2.4 — Satellite-based systems

ADC State the different applications of 1 Optional content: LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LPV, ADC NAV satellite-based systems relevant for RNP minima, precision approach 2.4.1 aerodrome operations.

Subtopic NAV 2.5 — PBN applications

ADC State future PBN developments. 1 A-RNP, RNP (AR) DEP ALL NAV Optional content: RNP 3D, VNAV, 4D, TBO 2.5.1

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFT 1 — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFT 1.1 — Aircraft instruments

ADC Integrate information from aircraft 4 ALL ACFT instruments provided by the pilot into 1.1.1 the provision of ATS. ADC Explain the operation of aircraft radio 2 Optional content: radios (number of), ALL ACFT equipment. emergency radios 1.1.2 ADC Explain the operation of on-board 2 Transponders: equipment Mode A, ADC ACFT surveillance equipment. Mode C, Mode S, ADS capability APS 1.1.3 ACS

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES Subtopic ACFT 2.1 — Wake turbulence

ADC Explain the wake turbulence effect 2 ALL ACFT and associated hazards to succeeding 2.1.1 aircraft. ADC Appreciate the techniques used to 3 ALL ACFT prevent hazards associated with wake 2.1.2 turbulence to succeeding aircraft.

Subtopic ACFT 2.2 — Application of the ICAO approach categories

ADC Describe the use of the ICAO 2 ICAO Doc 8168 ADC ACFT approach categories. APP 2.2.1 APS

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES

ADC Appreciate the effect of the ICAO 3 ADC ACFT approach categories on the traffic APP 2.2.2 organisation. APS

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE Subtopic ACFT 3.1 — Take-off factors

ADC Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: runway conditions, ADC ACFT affecting aircraft on take-off. runway slope, aerodrome elevation, wind, 3.1.1 temperature, aircraft configuration,

airframe contamination and aircraft mass

Subtopic ACFT 3.2 — Climb factors

ADC Appreciate the influence of factors 3 Optional content: speed, mass, air density, ADC ACFT affecting aircraft during climb. wind and temperature 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.3 — Final approach and landing factors

ADC Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, aircraft ADC ACFT affecting aircraft during final configuration, mass, meteorological 3.3.1 approach and landing. conditions, runway conditions, runway

slope, aerodrome elevation

Subtopic ACFT 3.4 — Economic factors

ADC Integrate consideration of economic 4 Optional content: starting-up, taxiing, ADC ACFT factors affecting aircraft. routing, departure sequence 3.4.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.5 — Environmental factors

ADC Appreciate the performance 3 Optional content: noise-abatement ADC ACFT restrictions due to environmental procedures, minimum flight altitudes, bird 3.5.1 constraints. strike hazard

TOPIC ACFT 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA Subtopic ACFT 4.1 — Recognition of aircraft types

ADC Characterise a representative sample 2 Recognition, ICAO type designators, wake ADC ACFT of aircraft which will be encountered turbulence categories 4.1.1 in the operational/working Optional content: ICAO approach environment. categories

Subtopic ACFT 4.2 — Performance data

ADC Integrate the average performance 4 Performance data under a representative ALL ACFT data of a representative sample of variety of circumstances 4.2.1 aircraft which will be encountered in the operational/ working environment into the provision of control service.

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING Subtopic HUM 1.1 — Cognition and factors influencing it

ADC Describe the human information- 2 Attention, perception, memory, ALL HUM processing model. situational awareness, decision-making, 1.1.1 response ADC Describe the factors which influence 2 Confidence, stress, learning, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing. experience, fatigue, alcohol/drugs, 1.1.2 distraction, interpersonal relations

Subtopic HUM 1.2 — Situational awareness

ADC Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, knowledge, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.2.1 situational awareness. confidence, experience, fatigue, stress

Subtopic HUM 1.3 — Decision-making

ADC Appreciate the effect of human Optional content: workload, stress, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.3.1 decision-making. confidence

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Subtopic HUM 2.1 — Fatigue

ADC Describe the onset of fatigue. 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL HUM Optional content: lack of concentration, 2.1.1 listlessness, irritability, frustration, Skybrary Human Behaviour:

EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

ADC Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 1 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM and in others. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.2 sleep management ADI (TWR) Describe the appropriate action when 2 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM recognising fatigue. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.3 sleep management

Subtopic HUM 2.2 — Stress

ADC Recognise the effects of stress on 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in ALL HUM human performance. others 2.2.1 Optional content:

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

ADC Describe the appropriate action when 2 ALL HUM recognising stress. 2.2.2 ADC Act to reduce stress. 3 ALL HUM 2.2.3 ADC Respond to stressful situations by 3 ALL HUM offering, asking for or accepting 2.2.4 assistance. ADC Recognise the effects of stressful 1 Self and others, abnormal situations ALL HUM events.

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

2.2.5

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Subtopic HUM 3.1 — Threat and error management framework

ADC Explain the importance of threat and 2 Optional content: prevention of incidents, ALL HUM error management. safety improvement, revision of 3.1.1 procedures and/or working practices ADC Explain the threat and error 2 Threats, errors, undesired states, ALL HUM management framework. countermeasures 3.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ADC Differentiate between the different 2 Internal, external, airborne, ALL HUM types of threats in ATC. environmental 3.1.3 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ADC Differentiate between the different 2 Equipment, procedural, communication ALL HUM types of errors in ATC. Optional content: Increase in traffic, 3.1.4 changes in procedures, complexities of

systems or traffic, weather, unusual occurrences

ADC Differentiate between the different 2 On the ground, airborne ALL HUM types of undesired states. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.5 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ADC Analyse examples of threat and error 4 Case studies ALL HUM management in ATC. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.6 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

Subtopic HUM 3.2 — Application of threat and error management

ADC Manage threats. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.1 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ADC Manage errors. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.2 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ADC Manage undesired states. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.3 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.1 — Benefits of teamwork

ADC State the benefits of teamwork. 1 Increased safety, efficiency and capacity ALL HUM

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK

4.1.1

ADC List the controller’s human 1 Situational awareness, communication, ALL HUM performance elements affected by decision-making, threat and error 4.1.2 teamwork. management, workload management

Subtopic HUM 4.2 — Conflict management

ADC Identify the reasons for conflict. 3 ALL HUM 4.2.1 ADC Describe strategies to cope with 2 Optional content: in your team, in the ALL HUM human conflicts. simulator 4.2.2 ADC Describe actions to prevent human 2 ALL HUM conflicts. 4.2.3

TOPIC HUM 5 —SYSTEMS Subtopic HUM 5.1 — Concept of systems in ATM/ANS

ADC Explain the concept of systems. 2 People; procedures; equipment; ATM in ALL HUM system terms: simple, complicated, and 5.1.1 complex systems; system thinking ADC Describe how changes in one part of a 2 ALL HUM system may impact the other parts. 5.1.2 ADC Describe the role of the human in the 2 ALL HUM system. 5.1.3

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic HUM 6.1 — Effective communication

ADC Explain effective communication in 2 ICAO Doc 9868 ALL HUM ATC operations. 6.1.1 ADC Explain key strategies used to enable 2 Optional content: active listening, active ALL HUM open communication. speaking, assertiveness, honesty, 6.1.2 relevance, facts, neutrality ADC Describe the parameters affecting the 2 Workload, mutual knowledge, controller ALL HUM controller’s competence to versus pilot mental picture, distractions, 6.1.3 communicate effectively. sound, human conflicts

Optional content: communication between and within the team(s), in the

simulator, with the pilots, instructors,

coordination partners

Subtopic HUM 6.2 — Effective feedback

ADC Define feedback. 1 ALL HUM 6.2.1

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION

ADC Explain the purpose of receiving and 2 ALL HUM giving feedback, and its effect on 6.2.2 performance. ADC Consider the impact of 2 ALL HUM communication styles on feedback 6.2.3 and on conflict resolution. ADC Integrate feedback into performance. 4 ALL HUM 6.2.4

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPS 1 — VOICE COMMUNICATIONS Subtopic EQPS 1.1 — Radio communications

ADC Operate two-way communication 3 Transmit/receive switches, procedures ALL EQPS equipment. Optional content: frequency selection, 1.1.1 standby equipment ADC Identify indications of operational 3 Optional content: indicator lights, ALL EQPS status of radio equipment. serviceability displays, selector/frequency 1.1.2 displays

Subtopic EQPS 1.2 — Other voice communications

ADC Operate landline communications. 3 Optional content: telephone, interphone ALL EQPS and intercom equipment 1.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 2 — AUTOMATION IN ATS Subtopic EQPS 2.1 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

ADC Decode AFTN messages. 3 Optional content: movement and control ALL EQPS messages, NOTAMs, SNOWTAMs, 2.1.1 BIRDTAMs, etc.

Subtopic EQPS 2.2 — Automatic data interchange

ADC Use automatic data transfer 3 Optional content: sequencing systems, ADC EQPS equipment where available. automated information and coordination, APS 2.2.1 OLDI ACS ADC Explain operational application of 2 ICAO Doc 9694 ADC EQPS CPDLC for departure clearance (DCL) 2.2.2 delivery and D-ATIS.

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION Subtopic EQPS 3.1 — Operation and monitoring of equipment

ADC Monitor the technical integrity of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.1.1 ADC Operate the equipment of the 3 Optional content: situation displays, flight ALL EQPS controller working position. progress board, flight data display, radio,

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION

3.1.2 telephone, maps and charts, strip-printer,

clock, information systems, UDF/VDF

ADC Operate the available equipment in 3 ALL EQPS abnormal and emergency situations. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPS 3.2 — Situation displays and information systems

ADC Use situation displays. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.1 ADC Check the availability of information. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.2 ADC Obtain information from equipment. 3 Optional content: information from wind ADC EQPS direction indicator 3.2.3 ADC Take account of anti-incursion 2 ADC EQPS equipment. 3.2.4 ADC Explain the use of ASMGCS. 2 ADC EQPS 3.2.5

Subtopic EQPS 3.3 — Flight data systems

ADC Use the flight data information at the 3 ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.3.1

TOPIC EQPS 4 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPS 4.1 — New developments

ADC Recognise future developments. 1 New advanced systems ALL EQPS Optional content: European ATM Master 4.1.1 Plan, European Plan for Aviation Safety

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.1 — Reaction to limitations

ADC Take account of the limitations of 2 ALL EQPS equipment and systems. 5.1.1 ADC Respond to technical deficiencies of 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS the operational position. 5.1.2

Subtopic EQPS 5.2 — Communication equipment degradation

ADC Identify that communication 3 Optional content: ground–air, ground– EQPS equipment has degraded. ground and landline communications 5.2.1 ADC Apply contingency procedures in the 4 Optional content: total or partial ALL EQPS event of communication equipment degradation of ground–air and landline 5.2.2 degradation. communications; alternative methods of

transferring data

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.3 — Navigational equipment degradation

ADC Identify when a navigational 3 Optional content: navigational aids, ALL EQPS equipment failure will affect ‘European GNSS Contingency/Reversion 5.3.1 operational ability. Handbook for PBN Operations’ ADC Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: vertical separation, ALL EQPS event of a navigational equipment information to aircraft, navigational 5.3.2 degradation. assistance, seeking assistance from

adjacent units

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PEN 1 — FAMILIARISATION Subtopic PEN 1.1 — Study visit to an aerodrome

ADC Appreciate the functions and 3 Study visit to a TWR ADC PEN provision of operational aerodrome 1.1.1 control services.

TOPIC PEN 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PEN 2.1 — Contributors to civil ATS operations

ADC Characterise civil ATS activities at an 2 Study visit to a TWR ADC PEN aerodrome. Optional content: familiarisation visits to 2.1.1 APP, ACC, AIS, RCC ADC Characterise other parties interfacing 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN with ATS operations. engineering services, firefighting and 2.1.2 emergency services, airline operations

offices

Subtopic PEN 2.2 — Contributors to military ATS operations

ADC Characterise military ATS activities. 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, air defence units 2.2.1

TOPIC PEN 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PEN 3.1 — Provision of services and user requirements

ADC Appreciate the role of an air 3 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 ALL PEN navigation service provider. 3.1.1 ADC Appreciate ATS users’ requirements. 3 ALL PEN 3.1.2

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PEN 4.1 — Environmental protection

ADC Describe the environmental 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 10013 — ADC PEN constraints on aerodrome operations. Operational opportunities to reduce fuel APP 4.1.1 burn and emissions APS ADC Explain the use of the Collaborative 2 Optional content: European ATM Master ADC PEN Environmental Management (CEM) Plan, EUROCONTROL CEM Specification APP 4.1.2 process at aerodromes. APS ADC Appreciate the mitigation techniques 3 Optional content: noise-abatement ADC PEN used at aerodromes to minimise procedures, noise preferential routes, APP 4.1.3 aviation’s impact on the environment. flight efficiency

SUBJECT 9: ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

TOPIC ABES 1 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 1.1 — Overview of ABES

ADC List common abnormal and 1 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 1.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure, unreliable instruments, runway incursion, GNSS failure

ADC Identify potential or actual abnormal 3 ALL ABES and emergency situations. 1.1.2 ADC Take into account the procedures for 2 Bird strike, aborted take-off ADC ABES given abnormal and emergency Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 1.1.3 situations. ADC Take into account that procedures do 2 Optional content: real-life examples ALL ABES not exist for all abnormal and 1.1.4 emergency situations. ADC Consider how the evolution of a 2 Optional content: separation, information, ALL ABES situation may have an impact on coordination 1.1.5 safety.

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT Subtopic ABES 2.1 — Communication effectiveness

ADC Ensure effective communication in all 4 Phraseology, vocabulary, readback, radio ALL ABES circumstances including the case silence instruction 2.1.1 where standard phraseology is not applicable. ADC Apply change of radiotelephony call 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES sign. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 2.1.2

Subtopic ABES 2.2 — Avoidance of mental overload

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT

ADC Describe actions to keep the situation 2 Optional content: sector-splitting, holding, ALL ABES under control. flow management, task delegation 2.2.1 ADC Organise priority of actions. 4 ALL ABES 2.2.2 ADC Ensure the effective dissemination of 4 Optional content: between executive and ALL ABES information. planner/coordinator, with the supervisor, 2.2.3 between sectors, between ACC, APP and TWR, with ground staff, etc. ADC Consider asking for help. 2 ALL ABES 2.2.4

Subtopic ABES 2.3 — Air–ground cooperation

ADC Collect appropriate information 3 ALL ABES relevant to the situation. 2.3.1 ADC Assist the pilot. 3 Pilot workload ALL ABES Optional content: instructions, 2.3.2 information, support, human factors, etc.

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.1 — Application of procedures for ABES

ADC Apply the procedures for given 3 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES abnormal and emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 3.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure

Subtopic ABES 3.2 — Radio failure

ADC Describe the procedures to be 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES followed by a pilot when experiencing Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, military 3.2.1 complete or partial radio failure. procedures, simulator operation

procedures

ADC Apply the procedures to be followed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES when a pilot experiences complete or Optional content: prolonged loss of 3.2.2 partial radio failure. communication

Subtopic ABES 3.3 — Unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat

ADC Apply ATC procedures associated 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES with unlawful interference and Optional content: simulator operation 3.3.1 aircraft bomb threat. procedures

Subtopic ABES 3.4 — Strayed or unidentified aircraft

ADC Apply the procedures for strayed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. Optional content: inside controlled 3.4.1 airspace, outside controlled airspace ADC Apply the procedures for unidentified 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. 3.4.2 ADC Provide navigational assistance to 4 Optional content: diverted aircraft, ADC ABES aircraft. aircraft lost or unsure of position, 3.4.3 information derived locally or from radar

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES)

service or from other pilots, nearest most

suitable aerodrome, track, heading,

distance, aerodrome information, any

other relevant navigational assistance, ICAO Doc 4444, etc.

Subtopic ABES 3.5 — Runway incursion

ADC Apply ATC procedures associated 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ADC ABES with runway incursion. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 3.5.1

ABES 3.6 — Interception of civil aircraft

ADC Explain the procedures in the event of 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES interception of civil aircraft. 3.6.1

SUBJECT 10: AERODROMES

TOPIC AGA 1 — AERODROME DATA, LAYOUT AND COORDINATION Subtopic AGA 1.1 — Definitions

ADC Define aerodrome data. 1 Regulation (EU) No 139/20141 ADC AGA Optional content: aerodrome elevation, APP 1.1.1 reference point, apron, movement area, APS

manoeuvring area, hotspot

Subtopic AGA 1.2 — Coordination

ADC Identify the information that has to 3 Aerodrome conditions, fire/rescue ADC AGA be exchanged between ATS and the category, condition of ground equipment APP 1.2.1 aerodrome authority. and NAVAIDs, AIRAC, Regulation (EU) APS No 139/2014

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA Subtopic AGA 2.1 — Movement area

ADC Describe the movement area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.1.1 APS ADC Describe the marking of obstacles and 2 Flags, signs on pavement, lights ADC AGA unusable or unserviceable areas. APP 2.1.2 APS ADC Identify the information on conditions 3 Essential information on aerodrome ADC AGA of the movement area that has to be conditions APP 2.1.3 passed on to aircraft. APS

Subtopic AGA 2.2 — Manoeuvring area

ADC Describe the manoeuvring area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.2.1 APS

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA

ADC Describe the taxiway. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.2 APS ADC Describe the daylight marking on 2 ADC AGA taxiways. APP 2.2.3 APS ADC Describe taxiway lighting. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.4 APS

Subtopic AGA 2.3 — Runways

ADC Describe the runway. 2 Runway, runway surface, runway strip, ADC AGA runway shoulder, runway-end safety APP 2.3.1 areas, clearways, stopways APS ADC Describe the instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.2 APS ADC Describe the non-instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.3 APS ADC Explain runway declared distances. 2 TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA ADC AGA APP 2.3.4 APS ADC Explain the differences between ACN 2 Strength of pavements ADC AGA and PCN. APP 2.3.5 APS ADC Describe the daylight markings on 2 Optional content: runway designator, ADC AGA runways. centre line, threshold, aiming point, fixed APP 2.3.6 distance, touchdown zone, side strip, APS

colour

ADC Describe runway lights. 2 Optional content: colour, centre line, ADC AGA intensity, edge, touchdown zone, APP 2.3.7 threshold, barettes APS ADC Explain the functions of visual landing 2 Optional content: AVASI, VASI, PAPI ADC AGA aids. APP 2.3.8 APS ADC Describe the approach lighting 2 Centre line, cross bars, stroboscopic lights, ADC AGA systems. colours, intensity and brightness APP 2.3.9 APS ADC Characterise the effect of water/ice 2 ADC AGA on runways. APP 2.3.10 APS ADC Explain braking performance and 2 ADC AGA methods of reporting it. APP 2.3.11 APS ADC Explain the effect of runway visual 2 ADC AGA range on aerodrome operations. APP 2.3.12 APS

TOPIC AGA 3 — OBSTACLES Subtopic AGA 3.1 — Obstacle-free airspace around aerodromes

ADC Explain the necessity for establishing 2 ADC AGA and maintaining airspace around APP 3.1.1 aerodromes obstacle free. APS

TOPIC AGA 4 — MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT Subtopic AGA 4.1 — Location

ADC Explain the location of miscellaneous 2 Optional content: LOC, GP, VDF, radio ADC AGA aerodrome ground equipment. communication or ATS surveillance APP 4.1.1 systems sensors, stopbars, AVASI, VASI, APS

PAPI

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(ii) Composition of initial training

APPROACH CONTROL PROCEDURAL (APP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) The ATCO rating training Approach Control Procedural Rating (APP) should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects contained in point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(ii) Approach Control Procedural Rating (APP). (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(ii) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTR 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTR 1.1 — Course introduction

APP Explain the aims and main objectives of 2 ALL INTR the course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTR 1.2 — Course administration

APP State how the course is administered. 1 ALL INTR 1.2.1

Subtopic INTR 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

APP Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, ALL INTR sources for course studies. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server APP Integrate appropriate information into 4 Training documentation ALL INTR course studies. Optional content: supplementary 1.3.2 information, library

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.1 — Course content and organisation

APP State the different training methods 1 Theoretical training, practical training, ALL INTR used during the course. self-study, types of training events 2.1.1 APP State the subjects covered by the course 1 ALL INTR and their purpose. 2.1.2 APP Describe the organisation of theoretical 2 Optional content: course programme ALL INTR training. 2.1.3 APP Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, ALL INTR training. briefing, debriefing, course programme 2.1.4

Subtopic INTR 2.2 — Training ethos

APP Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Training progress, assessment, briefing, ALL INTR available. debriefing, learner–instructor feedback, 2.2.1 instructor–instructor feedback

Subtopic INTR 2.3 — Assessment process

APP Describe the assessment process. 2 ALL INTR 2.3.1

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAW 1 — ATCO LICENSING/CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Subtopic LAW 1.1 — Privileges and conditions

APP Appreciate the conditions which shall be 3 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 APP LAW met to issue an Approach Control Optional content: national documents 1.1.1 Procedural rating. APP Explain how to maintain and update 2 ALL LAW professional knowledge and skills to 1.1.2 retain competence in the operational environment. APP Explain the conditions for 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ALL LAW suspension/revocation of an ATCO 1.1.3 licence.

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAW 2.1 — Reports

APP Describe the functions of, and processes 2 Reporting culture, forms for mandatory ALL LAW for, reporting. and voluntary occurrence reporting, 2.1.1

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 , Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 Optional content: breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records, voluntary reporting

APP Use forms for reporting. 3 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, forms for ALL LAW mandatory and voluntary occurrence 2.1.2 reporting Optional content: routine air-reports, breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records

Subtopic LAW 2.2 — Airspace

APP Appreciate airspace classes and 3 APP LAW structure and their relevance to 2.2.1 operations using the Approach Control Procedural rating. APP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW control actions appropriate to the No 923/2012 , international requirements, 2.2.2 classification and structure of given civil requirements, military requirements, airspace. areas of responsibility, sectorisation,

national requirements

APP Appreciate responsibility for terrain 3 ALL LAW clearance. 2.2.3

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAW 3.1 — Feedback process

APP State the importance of controller 1 Optional content: voluntary reporting ALL LAW contribution to the feedback process. 3.1.1 APP Describe how reported occurrences are 2 Optional content: ESARR 2, Regulation ALL LAW analysed. (EU) No 376/2014, local procedures 3.1.2 APP Name the means used to disseminate 1 Optional content: safety letters, safety ALL LAW recommendations. boards’ web pages 3.1.3 APP Appreciate the just culture concept. 3 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints ALL LAW Optional content: Skybrary 3.1.4

Subtopic LAW 3.2 — Safety investigation

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT

APP Describe the role and objectives of 2 ALL LAW safety investigation in the improvement 3.2.1 of safety.

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service

APP Appreciate own area of responsibility. 3 APP ATM ACP 1.1.1 APS ACS APP Provide approach control service. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP 1, ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 operating APS 1.1.2 procedures for the simulated/training environment

Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS)

APP Provide FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 1.2.1 Optional content: national documents APP Issue appropriate information 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APP ATM concerning the position of conflicting (EU) 2017/373, traffic information, ACP 1.2.2 traffic. essential traffic information APS

ACS

APP Appreciate the use of ATIS in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM provision of FIS. 1.2.3

Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS)

APP Provide ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) ALL ATM No 923/2012 1.3.1 Optional content: national documents APP Respond to distress and urgency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM messages and signals. ICAO Annex 10 1.3.2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management (ATFM)

APP Appreciate the impact of the ATS system 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM capacity and air traffic flow Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route ACP 1.4.1 management on the controller. airspace, local implementation of ATFCM APS principles, etc. ACS

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

APP Take account of flow management 2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM procedures in the provision of ATC. Users Manual APS 1.4.2 APP Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: civil and military, APP ATM take account of airspace boundaries. controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, ACP 1.4.3 restricted, danger, prohibited, special APS rules, sector boundaries, national ACS

boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route

APP Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM take account of areas of responsibility. Users Manual ACP 1.4.4 APS ACS APP Inform the supervisor of local factors 3 Optional content: abnormal situations, APP ATM affecting the ATS system capacity and air decrease in sector capacity, limitations on ACP 1.4.5 traffic flow management. systems and equipment, changes in APS workload/capacity, unusual ACS

meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution

Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM)

APP Appreciate the impact of ASM on the 3 Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL APP ATM controller. Specification for the application of FUA, ACP 1.5.1 TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace APS ACS APP Organise traffic to take account of ASM. 4 Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA, APP ATM real-time activation, deactivation or ACP 1.5.2 reallocation of airspace

TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication

APP List the means of communication 1 Optional content: electronic, written, ALL ATM between controllers. verbal and non-verbal communication 2.1.1 APP Select the most suitable means of 5 ALL ATM communication given the situation. 2.1.2 APP Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM Optional content: published national/local 2.1.3 language phraseology APP Ensure effective communication. 4 Use of plain language when required, ALL ATM communication within the sector/working 2.1.4 position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units readback/verification of readback APP Analyse examples of pilot and controller 4 Optional content: real-life recordings, ALL ATM communication for effectiveness. situation in the simulator 2.1.5

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances

APP Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

APP Integrate appropriate ATC clearances 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.1.2 APP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.1.3

Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions

APP Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.2.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

APP Integrate appropriate ATC instructions 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.2.2 APP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.2.3

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination

APP Identify the need for coordination. 3 ALL ATM 4.1.1

Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination

APP Use the available tools for coordination. 3 Optional content: electronic transfer of ALL ATM flight data, telephone, interphone, 4.2.1 intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone

(RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination

Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures

APP Initiate appropriate coordination. 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for ALL ATM air–ground communications and 4.3.1 separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Optional content: release point

APP Analyse the effect of coordination 4 Optional content: delegation/transfer of ALL ATM requested by an adjacent position/unit. responsibility for air–ground 4.3.2 communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. APP Select, after negotiation, an appropriate 5 ALL ATM course of action. 4.3.3 APP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 4.3.4

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION

APP Coordinate when providing FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.5 APP Coordinate when providing ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.6

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry

APP Allocate levels according to altimetry 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM data. 5.1.1 APP Ensure separation according to altimetry 4 Optional content: transition level, ALL ATM data. transition altitude, transition layer, height, 5.1.2 flight level, altitude, vertical distance to

airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance

APP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: terrain clearance APP ATM control actions appropriate to the rules dimensions, minimum safe altitudes, ACP 5.2.1 for minimum usable levels and terrain transition level, minimum flight level, clearance. minimum sector altitude

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation

APP Provide standard vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, level APS 6.1.1 allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, holding pattern APP Provide increased vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ACP 6.1.2 Optional content: level allocation, during APS climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, ACS

degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence

APP Appreciate the application of emergency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM vertical separation. ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 ACP 6.1.3 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Horizontal separation

APP Provide longitudinal separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, based on time, APP ATM based on distance (DME and/or GNSS, 6.2.1 RNAV) APP Provide lateral separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, holding APP ATM ACP 6.2.2 APP Provide track separation. 4 ACP ATM APP 6.2.3

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION

APP Provide geographical separation. 4 Visual, using navigation aids, area ACP ATM navigation APP 6.2.4

Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Delegation of separation

APP Delegate separation to pilots in the case 4 APP ATM of aircraft executing successive visual APS 6.3.1 approaches. APP Appreciate the conditions which must 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APP ATM be met when delegating separation to APS 6.3.2 pilots to fly maintaining own separation while in VMC.

TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets

APP Recognise the independence of ACAS 1 ICAO Doc 9863 ALL ATM thresholds from ATC separation Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 7.1.1 standards. APP Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM during and following an ACAS RA Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, 7.1.2 reported by the pilot. ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets APP Respond to pilot notification of actions 3 ACAS APP ATM based on airborne systems warnings. Optional content: TAWS, Skybrary Safety APS 7.1.3 Nets ACP ACS

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management

APP Update the data display to accurately 3 Optional content: information displayed, ALL ATM reflect the traffic situation. strip-marking procedures, electronic

information data displays, actions based

8.1.1

on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

APP Analyse pertinent data on data displays. 4 ALL ATM 8.1.2 APP Organise pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.3 APP Obtain flight plan information. 3 CPL, supplementary information ALL ATM Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. 8.1.4 APP Use flight plan information. 3 ALL ATM 8.1.5

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment

APP Obtain information concerning the 3 Optional content: local/simulator ALL ATM operational environment. operation manuals, briefing, notices, 9.1.1 current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination,

verification of information

APP Ensure the integrity of the operational 4 Optional content: integrity of displays, APP ATM environment. verification of the information provided by ACP 9.1.2 displays, etc. APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures

APP Check all relevant documentation before 3 Optional content: briefing, letters of ALL ATM managing traffic. agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs 9.2.1 APP Manage traffic in accordance with a 4 APP ATM change to operational procedures. ACP 9.2.2 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover

APP Transfer information to the relieving 3 ALL ATM controller. 9.3.1 APP Obtain information from the controller 3 ALL ATM handing over. 9.3.2 APP List possible actions to provide a safe 1 Optional content: rigour, preparation, ALL ATM position handover–takeover. overlap time 9.3.3 APP Explain the consequences of a missed 2 ALL ATM position handover–takeover process. 9.3.3

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision of control service and the processing of information

APP Describe the division of responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM among air traffic control units. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 10.1.1 APP Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 ICAO Doc 4444 ALL ATM military traffic. Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 10.1.2 APP Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM unmanned free balloons. 10.1.3 APP Interpret operational information. 5 APP ATM ACP 10.1.4 APS ACS

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

APP Organise forwarding of operational 4 Optional content: including the use of APP ATM information. backup procedures ACP 10.1.5 APS ACS APP Integrate operational information into 4 APP ATM control decisions. ACP 10.1.6 APS ACS APP Appreciate the influence of operational 3 Optional content: military flying, ALL ATM requirements. calibration flights, aerial photography 10.1.7

Subtopic ATM 10.2 — Approach control

APP Explain the responsibility for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APP ATM provision of an approach procedural Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.2.1 control service. Optional content: local/simulator

operation manuals

APP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM control actions appropriate to VFR, SVFR Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Doc 4444 APS 10.2.2 and IFR traffic in VMC and IMC.

Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process

APP Ensure that situational awareness is 4 Information gathering, traffic projection APP ATM maintained. ACP 10.3.1 APP Detect conflicts in time for appropriate 4 ALL ATM resolution. 10.3.2 APP Identify potential solutions to achieve a 3 APP ATM safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.3 APS ACS APP Evaluate possible outcomes of different 5 ALL ATM planning and control actions. 10.3.4 APP Select an appropriate plan in time to 5 APP ATM achieve safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.5 APS ACS APP Ensure the adequate prioritisation of 4 ALL ATM actions. 10.3.6 APP Execute the selected plan in a timely 3 ALL ATM manner. 10.3.7 APP Ensure that a safe and efficient outcome 4 Traffic monitoring, adaptability and ALL ATM is achieved. follow-up 10.3.8

Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic

APP Manage arrivals, departures and 4 Optional content: simulator operation APP ATM overflights. procedures ACP 10.4.1 APS ACS

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

APP Balance the workload against personal 5 Optional content: rerouting, replanning, APP ATM capacity. prioritising solutions, denying requests, ACP 10.4.2 delegating responsibility for separation APS ACS APP Manage traffic on different types of 4 Precision, non-precision, visual APP ATM approaches. APS 10.4.3 APP Initiate missed approach. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS 10.4.4 Optional content: Skybrary APP Integrate aircraft on missed approach 4 APP ATM into the traffic situation. APS 10.4.5

TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING Subtopic ATM 11.1 — General holding procedures

APP Apply holding procedures. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ACP 11.1.1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, APS holding instructions, allocation of holding ACS levels, onward clearance times APP Appreciate the factors affecting holding 3 Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect APP ATM patterns. of navigation aid in use, turbulence, ACP 11.1.2 aircraft type APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Approaching aircraft

APP Issue Expected Approach Times (EATs). 3 APP ATM APS 11.2.1 APP Organise the traffic landing sequence in 4 Optional content: company preference, APP ATM a holding pattern. aircraft performance, aircraft approach APS 11.2.2 capability, ILS categories, flow control

management

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA

Subtopic MET 1.1 — Meteorological phenomena

APP Appreciate the impact of adverse 3 Thunderstorms, icing, clear-air turbulence APP MET weather on aircraft. (CAT), turbulence, microburst, wind shear, APS 1.1.1 severe mountain waves, squall lines , volcanic ash APP Integrate data about meteorological 4 Clearances, instructions and transmitted ALL MET phenomena into the provision of ATS. information 1.1.2 Optional content: relevant meteorological

phenomena

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA APP Use techniques to avoid adverse 3 Rerouting, level change, etc. APP MET weather when necessary/possible. ACP 1.1.3 APS ACS

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Subtopic MET 2.1 — Sources of meteorological information

APP Obtain meteorological information. 3 METAR, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET APP MET Optional content: AIREP/special AIREP ACP 2.1.1 APS ACS APP Decode information form 3 ALL MET meteorological data displays. 2.1.2 APP Relay meteorological information. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, ALL MET Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 2.1.3 Optional content: flight information

centre, adjacent ATS unit

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAV 1 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAV 1.1 — Maps and charts

APP Decode symbols and information 3 Instrument approach charts, SID & STAR ADC NAV displayed on aeronautical maps and charts, aerodrome charts APP 1.1.1 charts. Optional content: visual approach charts, APS

military maps and charts

APP Use relevant maps and charts. 3 ALL NAV 1.1.2

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAV 2.1 — Navigational systems

APP Manage traffic in case of change in the 4 Optional content: limitations, availability APP NAV operational status of navigational and status of ground-based and satellite- ACP 2.1.1 systems. based systems APS ACS APP Appreciate the effect of a change in the 3 Optional content: precision, limitations, ALL NAV operational status of navigational status, degraded procedures 2.1.2 systems.

Subtopic NAV 2.2 — Stabilised approach

APP Describe the concept of stabilised 2 Optional content: Skybrary ADC NAV approach. APP 2.2.1 APS

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION

APP Appreciate the effect of late change of 3 Cockpit workload APP NAV runway-in-use or type of approach for Optional content: impact on vertical APS 2.2.2 landing aircraft. profile (CDO), FMS management, crew

procedure briefing, missed approach, loss

of situational awareness, etc. APP Appreciate controller actions that may 3 Delayed descent APP NAV contribute to unstabilised approach. 2.2.3

Subtopic NAV 2.3 — Instrument departures and arrivals

APP Describe relevant SIDs and STARs. 2 APP NAV APS 2.3.1 APP Describe the types and phases of 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Annex 6 APP NAV instrument approach procedures. APS 2.3.2 APP Describe the relevant minima applicable 2 Optional content: Type A/B operations, ADC NAV for a precision/non-precision and visual CAT I/II/III criteria, LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, APP 2.3.3 approach. LPV, RNP AR APCH minima APS

Subtopic NAV 2.4 — Navigational assistance

APP Evaluate the necessary information to 5 Optional content: nearest most suitable APP NAV be provided to pilots in need of aerodrome, track, heading, distance, ACP 2.4.1 navigational assistance. aerodrome information, any other APS

navigational assistance relevant at the ACS time

Subtopic NAV 2.5 — Satellite-based systems

APP State the different applications of 1 RNP APCH, RNP AR APCH, SBAS, GBAS APP NAV satellite-based systems relevant for Optional content: LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LPV, APS 2.5.1 approach operations. RNP minima, precision approach

Subtopic NAV 2.6 — PBN applications

APP State the navigation applications used in 1 Approach-RNP APCH/ RNP AR APCH, APP NAV approach and terminal environments. Terminal-RNAV-1 RNP 1 with RF, APS 2.6.1 rotorcraft option RNP 0.3 Optional content: ICAO Doc 9613, Regulation (EU) No 716/2014 ,

Regulation (EU) 2018/1048

APP Explain the principles and designation of 2 Performance, functionality, sensors APP NAV navigation specifications in use. Optional content: aircrew and controller ACP 2.6.2 requirements, accuracy requirements, APS

integrity and continuity ACS

APP Describe the differences in turn 2 Optional content: fly-by, fly-over, RF, APP NAV performance. ICAO Doc 4444 APS 2.6.3 APP State future PBN developments. 1 A-RNP, RNP (AR) DEP ALL NAV Optional content: RNP 3D, VNAV, 4D, TBO 2.6.4

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFT 1 — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFT 1.1 — Aircraft instruments

APP Integrate information from aircraft 4 ALL ACFT instruments provided by the pilot into 1.1.1 the provision of ATS. APP Explain the operation of aircraft radio 2 Optional content: radios (number of), ALL ACFT equipment. emergency radios 1.1.2

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES Subtopic ACFT 2.1 — Wake turbulence

APP Explain the wake turbulence effect and 2 ALL ACFT associated hazards to succeeding 2.1.1 aircraft. APP Appreciate the techniques used to 3 ALL ACFT prevent hazards associated with wake 2.1.2 turbulence to succeeding aircraft.

Subtopic ACFT 2.2 — Application of the ICAO approach categories

APP Describe the use of the ICAO approach 2 ICAO Doc 8168 ADC ACFT categories. APP 2.2.1 APS APP Appreciate the effect of the ICAO 3 ADC ACFT approach categories on the traffic APP 2.2.2 organisation. APS

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

Subtopic ACFT 3.1 — Climb factors

APP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: speed, mass, air density, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during climb. cabin pressurisation, wind and ACP 3.1.1 temperature APS ACS APP Describe the influence of factors 3 Optional content: runway conditions, APP ACFT affecting departing aircraft. runway slope, aerodrome elevation, wind, APS 3.1.2 temperature, aircraft configuration,

airframe contamination and aircraft mass

Subtopic ACFT 3.2 — Cruise factors

APP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: level, cruising speed, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during cruise. wind, mass, cabin pressurisation APS 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.3 — Descent and initial approach factors

APP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, speed, rate of APP ACFT affecting aircraft during descent. descent, aircraft configuration, cabin APS 3.3.1 pressurisation

Subtopic ACFT 3.4 — Final approach and landing factors

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE APP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, aircraft APP ACFT affecting aircraft during final approach configuration, mass, meteorological APS 3.4.1 and landing. conditions, runway conditions, runway

slope, aerodrome elevation

Subtopic ACFT 3.5 — Economic factors

APP Integrate consideration of economic 4 Optional content: routing, level, speed, APP ACFT factors affecting aircraft. rate of climb and rate of descent, APS 3.5.1 approach profile APP Use continuous climb techniques where 3 APP ACFT applicable. ACP 3.5.2 APP Use direct routing where applicable. 3 APP ACFT ACP 3.5.3 APS

ACS

Subtopic ACFT 3.6 — Environmental factors

APP Appreciate the performance restrictions 3 Optional content: fuel-dumping, noise- APP ACFT due to environmental considerations. abatement procedures, minimum flight APS 3.6.1 levels, bird strike hazard, continuous

descent operations

TOPIC ACFT 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA

Subtopic ACFT 4.1 — Performance data

APP Integrate the average performance data 4 Performance data under a representative APP ACFT of a representative sample of aircraft variety of circumstances ACP 4.1.1 which will be encountered in the APS operational/ working environment into ACS the provision of control service.

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING Subtopic HUM 1.1 — Cognition and factors influencing it

APP Describe the human information- 2 Attention, perception, memory, ALL HUM processing model. situational awareness, decision-making, 1.1.1 response APP Describe the factors which influence 2 Confidence, stress, learning, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing. experience, fatigue, alcohol/drugs, 1.1.2 distraction, interpersonal relations

Subtopic HUM 1.2 — Situational awareness

APP Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, knowledge, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.2.1 situational awareness. confidence, experience, fatigue, stress

Subtopic HUM 1.3 — Decision-making

APP Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, stress, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.3.1 decision-making. confidence

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

Subtopic HUM 2.1 — Fatigue

APP Describe the onset of fatigue. 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL HUM Optional content: lack of concentration, 2.1.1 listlessness, irritability, frustration, Skybrary Human Behaviour:

EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

APP Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 1 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM and in others. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.2 sleep management APP Describe the appropriate action when 2 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM recognising fatigue. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.3 sleep management

Subtopic HUM 2.2 — Stress

APP Recognise the effects of stress on 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in ALL HUM human performance. others 2.2.1 Optional content: Regulation (EU)

2017/373

APP Describe the appropriate action when 2 ALL HUM recognising stress. 2.2.2 APP Act to reduce stress. 3 ALL HUM 2.2.3 APP Respond to stressful situations by 3 ALL HUM offering, asking for or accepting 2.2.4 assistance. APP Recognise the effect of stressful events. 1 Self and others, abnormal situations ALL HUM 2.2.5

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Subtopic HUM 3.1 — Threat and error management framework

APP Explain the importance of threat and 2 Optional content: prevention of incidents, ALL HUM error management. safety improvement, revision of 3.1.1 procedures and/or working practices APP Explain the threat and error 2 Threats, errors, undesired states, ALL HUM management framework. countermeasures 3.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APP Differentiate between the different 2 Internal, external, airborne, ALL HUM types of threats in ATC. environmental 3.1.3 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APP Differentiate between the different 2 Equipment, procedural, communication ALL HUM types of errors in ATC. Optional content: increase in traffic, 3.1.4 changes in procedures, complexities of

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT

systems or traffic, weather, unusual occurrences

APP Differentiate between the different 2 On the ground, airborne ALL HUM types of undesired states. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.5 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APP Analyse examples of threat and error 4 Case studies ALL HUM management in ATC. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.6 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

Subtopic HUM 3.2 — Application of threat and error management

APP Manage threats. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.1 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APP Manage errors. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.2 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APP Manage undesired states. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.3 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.1 — Benefits of teamwork

APP State the benefits of teamwork. 1 Increased safety, efficiency and capacity ALL HUM 4.1.1 APP List the controller’s human performance 1 Situational awareness, communication, ALL HUM elements affected by teamwork. decision-making, threat and error 4.1.2 management, workload management

Subtopic HUM 4.2 — Conflict management

APP Identify the reasons for conflict. 3 ALL HUM 4.2.1 APP Describe strategies to cope with human 2 Optional content: in your team, in the ALL HUM conflicts. simulator 4.2.2 APP Describe actions to prevent human 2 ALL HUM conflicts. 4.2.3

TOPIC HUM 5 — SYSTEMS Subtopic HUM 5.1 — Concept of systems in ATM/ANS

APP Explain the concept of systems. 2 People; procedures; equipment; ATM in ALL HUM system terms: simple, complicated, and 5.1.1 complex systems; system thinking APP Describe how changes in one part of a 2 ALL HUM system may impact the other parts. 5.1.2 APP Describe the role of the human in the 2 ALL HUM system. 5.1.3

TOPIC HUM 6 — COLLABORATIVE WORK Subtopic HUM 6.1 — Effective communication

APP Explain effective communication in ATC 2 ICAO Doc 9868 ALL HUM operations. 6.1.1 APP Explain key strategies used to enable 2 Optional content: active listening, active ALL HUM open communication. speaking, assertiveness, honesty, 6.1.2 relevance, facts, neutrality APP Describe the parameters affecting the 2 Workload, mutual knowledge, controller ALL HUM controller’s competence to versus pilot mental picture, distractions, 6.1.3 communicate effectively. sound, human conflicts

Optional content: communication between and within the team(s), in the

simulator, with the pilots, instructors,

coordination partners

Subtopic HUM 6.2 — Effective feedback

APP Define feedback. 1 ALL HUM 6.2.1 APP Explain the purpose of receiving and 2 ALL HUM giving feedback, and its effect on 6.2.2 performance. APP Consider the impact of communication 2 ALL HUM styles on feedback and on conflict 6.2.3 resolution. APP Integrate feedback into performance. 4 ALL HUM 6.2.4

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPS 1 — VOICE COMMUNICATIONS

Subtopic EQPS 1.1 — Radio communications

APP Operate two-way communication 3 Transmit/receive switches, procedures ALL EQPS equipment. Optional content: frequency selection, 1.1.1 standby equipment APP Identify indications of operational status 3 Optional content: indicator lights, ALL EQPS of radio equipment. serviceability displays, selector/frequency 1.1.2 displays APP Consider radio range. 2 Optional content: transfer to another APP EQPS frequency, apparent radio failure, failure ACP 1.1.3 to establish radio contact, frequency APS protection range ACS

Subtopic EQPS 1.2 — Other voice communications

APP Operate landline communications. 3 Optional content: telephone, interphone ALL EQPS and intercom equipment 1.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 2 — AUTOMATION IN ATS

Subtopic EQPS 2.1 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

APP Decode AFTN messages. 3 Optional content: movement and control ALL EQPS messages, NOTAM, SNOWTAM, BIRDTAM, 2.1.1 etc.

Subtopic EQPS 2.2 — Automatic data interchange

APP Use automatic data transfer equipment 3 Optional content: automated information APP EQPS where available. and coordination, OLDI ACP 2.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION Subtopic EQPS 3.1 — Operation and monitoring of equipment

APP Monitor the technical integrity of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.1.1 APP Operate the equipment of the controller 3 Optional content: situation displays, flight ALL EQPS working position. progress board, flight data display, radio, 3.1.2 telephone, maps and charts, strip-printer,

clock, information systems, UDF/VDF

APP Operate the available equipment in 3 ALL EQPS abnormal and emergency situations. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPS 3.2 — Situation displays and information systems

APP Use situation displays. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.1 APP Check the availability of information. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.2

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION

APP Obtain information from equipment. 3 APP EQPS ACP 3.2.3 APS ACS

Subtopic EQPS 3.3 — Flight data systems

APP Use the flight data information at the 3 ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.3.1

TOPIC EQPS 4 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPS 4.1 — New developments

APP Recognise future developments. 1 New advanced systems ALL EQPS Optional content: European ATM Master 4.1.1 Plan, European Plan for Aviation Safety

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.1 — Reaction to limitations

APP Take account of the limitations of 2 ALL EQPS equipment and systems. 5.1.1 APP Respond to technical deficiencies of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS operational position. 5.1.2

Subtopic EQPS 5.2 — Communication equipment degradation

APP Identify that communication equipment 3 Optional content: ground–air and landline APP EQPS has degraded. communications ACP 5.2.1 APS ACS APP Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: procedures for total or ALL EQPS event of communication equipment partial degradation of ground–air and 5.2.2 degradation. landline communications, alternative

methods of transferring data

Subtopic EQPS 5.3 — Navigational equipment degradation

APP Identify when a navigational equipment 3 Optional content: navigational aids, ALL EQPS failure will affect operational ability. ‘European GNSS Contingency/Reversion 5.3.1 Handbook for PBN Operations’ APP Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: vertical separation, ALL EQPS event of navigational equipment information to aircraft, navigational 5.3.2 degradation. assistance, seeking assistance from

adjacent units

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PEN 1 — FAMILIARISATION

Subtopic PEN 1.1 — Study visit to approach control unit

APP Appreciate the functions and provision 3 Study visit to an approach control unit APP PEN of operational approach control service. APS 1.1.1

TOPIC PEN 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PEN 2.1 — Contributors to civil ATS operations

APP Characterise civil ATS activities in the 2 Study visit to an approach control unit APP PEN approach control unit. Optional content: familiarisation visits to APS 2.1.1 TWR, ACC, AIS, RCC APP Characterise other parties interfacing 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN with ATS operations. engineering services, firefighting and 2.1.2 emergency services, airline operations

offices

Subtopic PEN 2.2 — Contributors to military ATS operations

APP Characterise military ATS activities. 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, air defence units 2.2.1

TOPIC PEN 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PEN 3.1 — Provision of services and user requirements

APP Appreciate the role of an air navigation 3 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 ALL PEN service provider. 3.1.1 APP Appreciate ATS users’ requirements. 3 ALL PEN 3.1.2

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PEN 4.1 — Environmental protection

APP Describe the environmental constraints 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 10013 — ADC PEN on aerodrome operations. Operational opportunities to reduce fuel APP 4.1.1 burn and emissions APS APP Explain the use of the Collaborative 2 Optional content: European ATM Master ADC PEN Environmental Management (CEM) Plan, EUROCONTROL CEM Specification APP 4.1.2 process at aerodromes. APS APP Appreciate the mitigation techniques 3 Optional content: noise-abatement ADC PEN used at aerodromes to minimise procedures, noise preferential routes, APP 4.1.3 aviation’s impact on the environment. flight efficiency

SUBJECT 9: ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

TOPIC ABES 1 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 1.1 — Overview of ABES

APP List common abnormal and emergency 1 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 1.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure, unreliable instruments, runway incursion, GNSS failure

APP Identify potential or actual abnormal 3 ALL ABES and emergency situations. 1.1.2 APP Take into account the procedures for 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 APP ABES given abnormal and emergency ACP 1.1.3 situations. APS ACS APP Take into account that procedures do 2 Optional content: real-life examples ALL ABES not exist for all abnormal and 1.1.4 emergency situations. APP Consider how the evolution of a 2 Optional content: separation, information, ALL ABES situation may have an impact on safety. coordination 1.1.5

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT Subtopic ABES 2.1 — Communication effectiveness

APP Ensure effective communication in all 4 Phraseology, vocabulary, readback, radio ALL ABES circumstances including the case where silence instruction 2.1.1 standard phraseology is not applicable. APP Apply change of radiotelephony call 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES sign. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 2.1.2

Subtopic ABES 2.2 — Avoidance of mental overload

APP Describe actions to keep the situation 2 Optional content: sector-splitting, ALL ABES under control. holding, flow management, task 2.2.1 delegation APP Organise priority of actions. 4 ALL ABES 2.2.2 APP Ensure the effective dissemination of 4 Optional content: between executive and ALL ABES information. planner/coordinator, with the supervisor, 2.2.3 between sectors, between ACC, APP and TWR, with ground staff, etc. APP Consider asking for help. 2 ALL ABES 2.2.4

Subtopic ABES 2.3 — Air–ground cooperation

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT

APP Collect appropriate information relevant 3 ALL ABES to the situation. 2.3.1 APP Assist the pilot. 3 Pilot workload ALL ABES Optional content: instructions, 2.3.2 information, support, human factors, etc.

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.1 — Application of procedures for ABES

APP Apply the procedures for given 3 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES abnormal and emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 3.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure

Subtopic ABES 3.2 — Radio failure

APP Describe the procedures to be followed 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES by a pilot experiencing complete or Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, military 3.2.1 partial radio failure. procedures, simulator operation

procedures

APP Apply the procedures to be followed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES when a pilot experiences complete or Optional content: prolonged loss of 3.2.2 partial radio failure. communication

Subtopic ABES 3.3 — Unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat

APP Apply ATC procedures associated with 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES unlawful interference and aircraft bomb Optional content: simulator operation 3.3.1 threat. procedures

Subtopic ABES 3.4 — Strayed or unidentified aircraft

APP Apply the procedures for strayed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. Optional content: inside controlled 3.4.1 airspace, outside controlled airspace APP Apply the procedures for unidentified 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. 3.4.2

Subtopic ABES 3.5 — Diversion

APP Provide navigational assistance to 4 Track/heading, distance, other APP ABES aircraft diverting in emergency. navigational assistance ACP 3.5.1 Optional content: nearest most suitable APS aerodrome ACS

Subtopic ABES 3.6— Interception of civil aircraft

APP Explain the procedures for interception 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES of civil aircraft. 3.6.1

SUBJECT 10: AERODROMES

TOPIC AGA 1 — AERODROME DATA, LAYOUT AND COORDINATION Subtopic AGA 1.1 — Definitions

APP Define aerodrome data. 1 Regulation (EU) No 139/20141 ADC AGA Optional content: aerodrome elevation, APP 1.1.1 reference point, apron, movement area, APS

manoeuvring area, hotspot

Subtopic AGA 1.2 — Coordination

APP Identify the information that has to be 3 Aerodrome conditions, fire/rescue ADC AGA exchanged between ATS and the category, condition of ground equipment APP 1.2.1 aerodrome authority. and NAVAIDs, AIRAC, Regulation (EU) APS No 139/2014

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA Subtopic AGA 2.1 — Movement area

APP Describe the movement area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.1.1 APS APP Describe the marking of obstacles and 2 Flags, signs on pavement, lights ADC AGA unusable or unserviceable areas. APP 2.1.2 APS APP Identify the information on conditions of 3 Essential information on aerodrome ADC AGA the movement area that has to be conditions APP 2.1.3 passed on to aircraft. APS

Subtopic AGA 2.2 — Manoeuvring area

APP Describe the manoeuvring area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.2.1 APS APP Describe the taxiway. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.2 APS APP Describe the daylight marking on 2 ADC AGA taxiways. APP 2.2.3 APS APP Describe taxiway lighting. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.4 APS

Subtopic AGA 2.3 — Runways

APP Describe the runway. 2 Runway, runway surface, runway strip, ADC AGA shoulder, runway-end safety areas, APP 2.3.1 clearways, stopways APS APP Describe the instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.2 APS

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA

APP Describe the non-instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.3 APS APP Explain declared distances. 2 TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA ADC AGA APP 2.3.4 APS APP Explain the differences between ACN 2 Strength of pavements ADC AGA and PCN. APP 2.3.5 APS APP Describe the daylight markings on 2 Optional content: runway designator, ADC AGA runways. centre line, threshold, aiming point, fixed APP 2.3.6 distance, touchdown zone, side strip, APS

colour

APP Describe runway lights. 2 Optional content: colour, centre line, ADC AGA intensity, edge, touchdown zone, APP 2.3.7 threshold, barettes APS APP Explain the functions of visual landing 2 Optional content: AVASI, VASI, PAPI ADC AGA aids. APP 2.3.8 APS APP Describe the approach lighting systems. 2 Centre line, cross bars, stroboscopic lights, ADC AGA colours, intensity and brightness APP 2.3.9 APS APP Characterise the effect of water/ice on 2 ADC AGA runways. APP 2.3.10 APS APP Explain braking performance and 2 ADC AGA methods of reporting it. APP 2.3.11 APS APP Explain the effect of runway visual range 2 ADC AGA on aerodrome operations. APP 2.3.12 APS

TOPIC AGA 3 — OBSTACLES Subtopic AGA 3.1 — Obstacle-free airspace around aerodromes

APP Explain the necessity for establishing 2 ADC AGA and maintaining airspace around APP 3.1.1 aerodromes obstacle free. APS

TOPIC AGA 4 — MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT Subtopic AGA 4.1 — Location

APP Explain the location of miscellaneous 2 Optional content: LOC, GP, VDF, radio ADC AGA aerodrome ground equipment. communication or ATS surveillance APP 4.1.1 systems sensors, stopbars, AVASI, VASI, APS

PAPI

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iii) Composition of initial training

AREA CONTROL PROCEDURAL (ACP) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) The ATCO rating training Area Control Procedural Rating (ACP) should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects contained in point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iii) Area Control Procedural (ACP) Rating. (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iii) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTR 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTR 1.1 — Course introduction

ACP Explain the aims and main objectives of 2 ALL INTR the course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTR 1.2 — Course administration

ACP State how the course is administered. 1 ALL INTR 1.2.1

Subtopic INTR 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

ACP Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, ALL INTR sources for course studies. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server ACP Integrate appropriate information into 4 Training documentation ALL INTR course studies. Optional content: supplementary 1.3.2 information, library

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.1 — Course content and organisation

ACP State the different training methods 1 Theoretical training, practical training, ALL INTR used during the course. self-study, types of training events 2.1.1 ACP State the subjects covered by the course 1 ALL INTR and their purpose. 2.1.2 ACP Describe the organisation of theoretical 2 Optional content: course programme ALL INTR training. 2.1.3 ACP Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, ALL INTR training. briefing, debriefing, course programme 2.1.4

Subtopic INTR 2.2 — Training ethos

ACP Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Training progress, assessment, briefing, ALL INTR available. debriefing, learner–instructor feedback, 2.2.1 instructor–instructor feedback

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.3 — Assessment process

ACP Describe the assessment process. 2 ALL INTR 2.3.1

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAW 1 — ATCO LICENSING/CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Subtopic LAW 1.1 — Privileges and conditions

ACP Appreciate the conditions which shall be 3 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ACP LAW met to issue an Area Control Procedural Optional content: national documents 1.1.1 rating. ACP Explain how to maintain and update 2 ALL LAW professional knowledge and skills to 1.1.2 retain competence in the operational environment. ACP Explain the conditions for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ALL LAW suspension/ revocation of an ATCO 1.1.3 licence.

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAW 2.1 — Reports

ACP Describe the functions of, and processes 2 Reporting culture, forms for mandatory ALL LAW for, reporting. and voluntary occurrence reporting, 2.1.1 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 , Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 Optional content: breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records, voluntary reporting

ACP Use forms for reporting. 3 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, forms for ALL LAW mandatory and voluntary occurrence 2.1.2 reporting Optional content: routine air-reports, breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records

Subtopic LAW 2.2 — Airspace

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

ACP Appreciate airspace classes and 3 ACP LAW structure and their relevance to 2.2.1 operation using the Area Control Procedural rating. ACP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: Regulation (EU) No ALL LAW control actions appropriate to the 923/2012 , international requirements, 2.2.2 classification and structure of given civil requirements, military requirements, airspace. areas of responsibility, sectorisation,

national requirements

ACP Appreciate responsibility for terrain 3 ALL LAW clearance. 2.2.3

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAW 3.1 — Feedback process

ACP State the importance of controller 1 Optional content: voluntary reporting ALL LAW contribution to the feedback process. 3.1.1 ACP Describe how reported occurrences are 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW analysed. No 376/2014, local procedures 3.1.2 ACP Name the means used to disseminate 1 Optional content: safety letters, safety ALL LAW recommendations. boards web pages 3.1.3 ACP Appreciate the just culture concept. 3 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints ALL LAW Optional content: Skybrary 3.1.4

Subtopic LAW 3.2 — Safety investigation

ACP Describe the role and objectives of 2 ALL LAW safety investigation in the improvement 3.2.1 of safety.

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service

ACP Appreciate own area of responsibility. 3 APP ATM ACP 1.1.1 APS ACS

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

ACP Provide area control service. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ACP ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 , operating ACS 1.1.2 procedures for the simulated/training environment

Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS)

ACP Provide FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 1.2.1 Optional content: national documents ACP Issue appropriate information 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APP ATM concerning the position of conflicting (EU) 2017/373, traffic information, ACP 1.2.2 traffic. essential traffic information APS

ACS

ACP Appreciate the use of ATIS in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM provision of FIS. 1.2.3

Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS)

ACP Provide ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) ALL ATM No 923/2012 1.3.1 Optional content: national documents ACP Respond to distress and urgency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM messages and signals. ICAO Annex 10 1.3.2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management (ATFM)

ACP Appreciate the impact of the ATS system 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM ACP ATM capacity and air traffic flow Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route ACS 1.4.1 management on the controller. airspace, local implementation of ATFCM principles, etc. ACP Apply flow management procedures in 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM ACP ATM the provision of ATC. Users Manual ACS 1.4.2 ACP Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: civil and military, APP ATM take account of airspace boundaries. controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, ACP 1.4.3 restricted, danger, prohibited, special APS rules, sector boundaries, national ACS

boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route

ACP Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM take account of areas of responsibility. Users Manual ACP 1.4.4 APS ACS

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

ACP Inform the supervisor of local factors 3 Optional content: abnormal situations, APP ATM affecting the ATS system capacity and air decrease in sector capacity, limitations on ACP 1.4.5 traffic flow management. systems and equipment, changes in APS workload/capacity, unusual ACS

meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution

Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM)

ACP Appreciate the impact of ASM on the 3 Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL APP ATM controller. Specification for the application of FUA, ACP 1.5.1 TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace APS ACS ACP Organise traffic to take account of ASM. 4 Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA, APP ATM real-time activation, deactivation or ACP 1.5.2 reallocation of airspace

TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication

ACP List the means of communication 1 Optional content: electronic, written, ALL ATM between controllers. verbal and non-verbal communication 2.1.1 ACP Select the most suitable means of 5 ALL ATM communication given the situation. 2.1.2 ACP Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM Optional content: published national/local 2.1.3 language phraseology ACP Ensure effective communication. 4 Use of plain language when required, ALL ATM communication within the sector/working 2.1.4 position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units readback/verification of readback ACP Analyse examples of pilot and controller 4 Optional content: real-life recordings, ALL ATM communication for effectiveness. situation in the simulator 2.1.5

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances

ACP Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

ACP Integrate appropriate ATC clearances 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.1.2 ACP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.1.3

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions

ACP Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.2.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

ACP Integrate appropriate ATC instructions 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.2.2 ACP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.2.3

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination

ACP Identify the need for coordination. 3 ALL ATM 4.1.1

Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination

ACP Use the available tools for coordination. 3 Optional content: electronic transfer of ALL ATM flight data, telephone, interphone, 4.2.1 intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone

(RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination

Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures

ACP Initiate appropriate coordination. 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for ALL ATM air–ground communications and 4.3.1 separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Optional content: release point

ACP Analyse the effect of coordination 4 Optional content: delegation/transfer of ALL ATM requested by an adjacent position/unit. responsibility for air–ground 4.3.2 communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. ACP Select, after negotiation, an appropriate 5 ALL ATM course of action. 4.3.3 ACP Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 4.3.4 ACP Coordinate when providing FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.5 ACP Coordinate when providing ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.6

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry

ACP Allocate levels according to altimetry 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM data. 5.1.1 ACP Ensure separation according to altimetry 4 Optional content: transition level, ALL ATM data. transition altitude, transition layer, height, 5.1.2 flight level, altitude, vertical distance to

airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance

ACP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: terrain clearance APP ATM control actions appropriate to the rules dimensions, minimum safe altitudes, ACP 5.2.1 for minimum usable levels and terrain transition level, minimum flight level, clearance. minimum sector altitude

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation

ACP Provide standard vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, ACP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, level ACS 6.1.1 allocation, during climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, RVSM, non-RVSM aircraft, holding pattern ACP Provide increased vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ACP 6.1.2 Optional content: level allocation, during APS climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, ACS

degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence

ACP Appreciate the application of emergency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM vertical separation. ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 ACP 6.1.3 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Horizontal separation

ACP Provide longitudinal separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, based on time, ACP ATM based on distance (DME and/or GNSS, 6.2.1 RNAV)

Optional content: based on time with Mach number technique

ACP Provide lateral separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Doc 7030, APP ATM holding ACP 6.2.2 ACP Provide track separation. 4 ACP ATM APP 6.2.3 ACP Provide geographical separation. 4 Visual, using navigation aids, area ACP ATM navigation APP 6.2.4

TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets

ACP Recognise the independence of ACAS 1 ICAO Doc 9863 ALL ATM thresholds from ATC separation Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 7.1.1 standards. ACP Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM during and following an ACAS RA Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, 7.1.2 reported by the pilot. ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets ACP Respond to pilot notification of actions 3 ACAS APP ATM based on airborne systems warnings. Optional content: TAWS, Skybrary Safety APS 7.1.3 Nets ACP ACS

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management

ACP Update the data display to accurately 3 Optional content: information displayed, ALL ATM reflect the traffic situation. strip-marking procedures, electronic 8.1.1 information data displays, actions based

on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

ACP Analyse pertinent data on data displays. 4 ALL ATM 8.1.2 ACP Organise pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.3 ACP Obtain flight plan information. 3 CPL, supplementary information ALL ATM Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. 8.1.4 ACP Use flight plan information. 3 ALL ATM 8.1.5

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment

ACP Obtain information concerning the 3 Optional content: local/simulator ALL ATM operational environment. operation manuals, briefing, notices, 9.1.1 current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination,

verification of information

ACP Ensure the integrity of the operational 4 Optional content: integrity of displays, APP ATM environment. verification of the information provided by ACP 9.1.2 displays, etc. APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures

ACP Check all relevant documentation before 3 Optional content: briefing, letters of ALL ATM managing traffic. agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs 9.2.1 ACP Manage traffic in accordance with a 4 APP ATM change to operational procedures. ACP

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED)

9.2.2 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover

ACP Transfer information to the relieving 3 ALL ATM controller. 9.3.1 ACP Obtain information from the controller 3 ALL ATM handing over. 9.3.2 ACP List possible actions to provide a safe 1 Optional content: rigour, preparation, ALL ATM position handover–takeover. overlap time 9.3.3 ACP Explain the consequences of a missed 2 ALL ATM position handover–takeover process. 9.3.4

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision of control service and the processing of information

ACP Describe the division of responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM among air traffic control units. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 10.1.1 ACP Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 ICAO Doc 4444 ALL ATM military traffic. Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 10.1.2 ACP Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM unmanned free balloons. 10.1.3 ACP Interpret operational information. 5 APP ATM ACP 10.1.4 APS ACS ACP Organise forwarding of operational 4 Optional content: including the use of APP ATM information. backup procedures ACP 10.1.5 APS ACS ACP Integrate operational information into 4 APP ATM control decisions. ACP 10.1.6 APS ACS ACP Appreciate the influence of operational 3 Optional content: military flying, ALL ATM requirements. calibration flights, aerial photography 10.1.7

Subtopic ATM 10.2 — Area control

ACP Explain the responsibility for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ACP ATM provision of area procedural control Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.2.1 service. Optional content: local/simulator

operation manuals

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

ACP Provide planning, coordination and 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ACP ATM control actions appropriate to VFR and Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Doc 4444 ACS 10.2.2 IFR traffic in VMC and IMC.

Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process

ACP Ensure that situational awareness is 4 Information gathering, traffic projection APP ATM maintained. ACP 10.3.1 ACP Detect conflicts in time for appropriate 4 ALL ATM resolution. 10.3.2 ACP Identify potential solutions to achieve a 3 APP ATM safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.3 APS ACS ACP Evaluate possible outcomes of different 5 ALL ATM planning and control actions. 10.3.4 ACP Select an appropriate plan in time to 5 APP ATM achieve safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.5 APS ACS ACP Ensure the adequate prioritisation of 4 ALL ATM actions. 10.3.6 ACP Execute the selected plan in a timely 3 ALL ATM manner. 10.3.7 ACP Ensure that a safe and efficient outcome 4 Traffic monitoring, adaptability and ALL ATM is achieved. follow-up 10.3.8

Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic

ACP Manage arrivals, departures and 4 Optional content: simulator operation APP ATM overflights. procedures ACP 10.4.1 APS ACS ACP Balance the workload against personal 5 Optional content: rerouting, replanning, APP ATM capacity. prioritising solutions, denying requests, ACP 10.4.2 delegating responsibility for separation APS ACS

TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING Subtopic ATM 11.1 — Holding procedures

ACP Apply holding procedures. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ACP 11.1.1 (EU) 2017/373, holding instructions, APS allocation of holding levels, onward ACS clearance times

TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING

ACP Appreciate the factors affecting holding 3 Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect APP ATM patterns. of navigation aid in use, turbulence, ACP 11.1.2 aircraft type APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Holding aircraft

ACP Issue expected onward clearance times. 3 ACP ATM ACS 11.2.1

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA

Subtopic MET 1.1 — Meteorological phenomena

ACP Appreciate the impact of adverse 3 Thunderstorms, icing, jet streams, clear- ACP MET weather on aircraft. air turbulence (CAT), turbulence, ACS 1.1.1 microburst, severe mountain waves, squall lines , volcanic ash

Optional content: solar radiation

ACP Integrate data about meteorological 4 Clearances, instructions and transmitted ALL MET phenomena into the provision of ATS. information 1.1.2 Optional content: relevant meteorological

phenomena

ACP Use techniques to avoid adverse 3 Rerouting, level change, etc. APP MET weather when necessary/possible. ACP 1.1.3 APS ACS

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Subtopic MET 2.1 — Sources of meteorological information

ACP Obtain meteorological information. 3 METAR, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET APP MET Optional content: AIREP/ special AIREP ACP 2.1.1 APS ACS ACP Decode information from 3 ALL MET meteorological data displays. 2.1.2 ACP Relay meteorological information. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, ALL MET Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 2.1.3 Optional content: flight information

centre, adjacent ATS unit

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAV 1 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAV 1.1 — Maps and charts

ACP Use relevant maps and charts. 3 ALL NAV 1.1.1 ACP Decode symbols and information 3 En-route and area charts ACP NAV displayed on aeronautical maps and Optional content: STAR charts ACS 1.1.2 charts.

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAV 2.1 — Navigational systems

ACP Manage traffic in case of change in the 4 Optional content: limitations, availability APP NAV operational status of navigational and status of ground-based and satellite- ACP 2.1.1 systems. based systems APS ACS ACP Appreciate the effect of a change in the 3 Optional content: precision, limitations, ALL NAV operational status of navigational status, degraded procedures 2.1.2 systems.

Subtopic NAV 2.2 — Navigational assistance

ACP Evaluate the necessary information to 5 Optional content: nearest most suitable APP NAV be provided to pilots in need of aerodrome, track, heading, distance, ACP 2.2.1 navigational assistance. aerodrome information, any other APS navigational assistance relevant at the ACS

time

Subtopic NAV 2.3 — PBN applications

ACP State the navigation applications used in 1 Terminal-RNAV-1 ACP NAV terminal and en-route environments. En-route-RNAV-5 ACS 2.3.1 Optional content: A-RNP, Commission

Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1048 (the PBN Regulation), ICAO Doc 9613

ACP Explain the principles and designation of 2 Performance, functionalities, sensors APP NAV navigation specifications in use. Optional content: aircrew and controller ACP 2.3.2 requirements, accuracy requirements, APS integrity and continuity ACS ACP Describe the differences in turn 2 Optional content: fly-by, fly-over, FRT, ACP NAV performance. ICAO Doc 4444 ACS 2.3.3 ACP State future PBN developments. 1 A-RNP, RNP (AR) DEP ALL NAV Optional content: RNP 3D, VNAV, 4D, TBO 2.3.4

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFT 1 — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFT 1.1 — Aircraft instruments

ACP Integrate information from aircraft 4 ALL ACFT instruments provided by the pilot into 1.1.1 the provision of ATS. ACP Explain the operation of aircraft radio 2 Optional content: radios (number of), ALL ACFT equipment. emergency radios 1.1.2

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES Subtopic ACFT 2.1 — Wake turbulence

ACP Explain the wake turbulence effect and 2 ALL ACFT associated hazards to succeeding 2.1.1 aircraft. ACP Appreciate the techniques used to 3 ALL ACFT prevent hazards associated with wake 2.1.2 turbulence to succeeding aircraft.

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE Subtopic ACFT 3.1 — Climb factors

ACP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: speed, mass, air density, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during climb. cabin pressurisation, wind and ACP 3.1.1 temperature APS ACS

Subtopic ACFT 3.2 — Cruise factors

ACP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Level, cruising speed, wind, mass, cabin ACP ACFT affecting aircraft during cruise. pressurisation ACS 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.3 — Descent factors

ACP Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, speed, rate of ACP ACFT affecting aircraft during descent. descent, cabin pressurisation ACS 3.3.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.4 — Economic factors

ACP Integrate consideration of economic 4 Optional content: routing, level, speed, ACP ACFT factors affecting aircraft. rate of climb and rate of descent, ACS 3.4.1 approach profile, top of descent ACP Use continuous climb techniques where 3 APP ACFT applicable. ACP 3.4.2 ACP Use direct routing where applicable. 3 APP ACFT ACP 3.4.3 APS ACS

Subtopic ACFT 3.5 — Environmental factors

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

ACP Appreciate the performance restrictions 3 Optional content: fuel-dumping, minimum ACP ACFT due to environmental considerations. flight levels, continuous descent ACS 3.5.1 operations

TOPIC ACFT 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA Subtopic ACFT 4.1 — Performance data

ACP Integrate the average performance data 4 Performance data under a representative APP ACFT of a representative sample of aircraft variety of circumstances ACP 4.1.1 which will be encountered in the APS operational/ working environment into ACS the provision of control service.

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING Subtopic HUM 1.1 — Cognition and factors influencing it

ACP Describe the human information- 2 Attention, perception, memory, ALL HUM processing model. situational awareness, decision-making, 1.1.1 response ACP Describe the factors which influence 2 Confidence, stress, learning, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing. experience, fatigue, alcohol/drugs, 1.1.2 distraction, interpersonal relations

Subtopic HUM 1.2 – Situational awareness

ACP Appreciate the effect of factors on 3 Optional content: workload, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing in interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.2.1 relation to situational awareness. confidence, experience, fatigue, stress

Subtopic HUM 1.3 – Decision making

ACP Appreciate the effect of factors on 3 Optional content: workload, stress, ALL HUM human information-processing in interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.3.1 relation to decision-making. confidence

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Subtopic HUM 2.1 — Fatigue

ACP Describe the onset of fatigue. 2 Optional content: lack of concentration, ALL HUM listlessness, irritability, frustration, 2.1.1 Skybrary Human Behaviour:

EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

ACP Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 1 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM and in others. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.2 sleep management ACP Describe the appropriate action when 2 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM recognising fatigue. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.3 sleep management

Subtopic HUM 2.2 — Stress

ACP Recognise the effects of stress on 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in ALL HUM human performance. others 2.2.1 Optional content: Regulation (EU)

2017/373

ACP Describe the appropriate action when 2 ALL HUM recognising stress. 2.2.2 ACP Act to reduce stress. 3 ALL HUM 2.2.3 ACP Respond to a stressful situation by 3 ALL HUM offering, asking for or accepting 2.2.4 assistance. ACP Recognise the effect of stressful events. 1 Self and others, abnormal situations HUM 2.2.5

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Subtopic HUM 3.1 — Threat and error management framework

ACP Explain the importance of threat and 2 Optional content: prevention of incidents, ALL HUM error management. safety improvement, revision of 3.1.1 procedures and/or working practices ACP Explain the threat and error 2 Threats, errors, undesired states, ALL HUM management framework. countermeasures 3.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACP Differentiate between the different 2 Internal, external, airborne, ALL HUM types of threats in ATC. environmental 3.1.3 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACP Differentiate between the different 2 Equipment, procedural, communication ALL HUM types of errors in ATC. Optional content: increase in traffic, 3.1.4 changes in procedures, complexities of

systems or traffic, weather, unusual occurrences

ACP Differentiate between the different 2 On the ground, airborne ALL HUM types of undesired states. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.5 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACP Analyse examples of threat and error 4 Case studies ALL HUM management in ATC. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.6 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

Subtopic HUM 3.2 — Application of threat and error management

ACP Manage threats. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.1 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACP Manage errors. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.2 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACP Manage undesired states. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.3 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.1 — Benefits of teamwork

ACP State the benefits of teamwork. 1 Increased safety, efficiency and capacity ALL HUM 4.1.1 ACP List the controller’s human performance 1 Situational awareness, communication, ALL HUM elements affected by teamwork. decision-making, threat and error 4.1.2 management, workload management

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.2 — Conflict management

ACP Identify the reasons for conflict. 3 ALL HUM 4.2.1 ACP Describe strategies to cope with human 2 Optional content: in your team, in the ALL HUM conflicts. simulator 4.2.2 ACP Describe actions to prevent human 2 ALL HUM conflicts. 4.2.3

TOPIC HUM 5 — SYSTEMS Subtopic HUM 5.1 — Concept of systems in ATM/ANS

ACP Explain the concept of systems. 2 People; procedures; equipment; ATM in ALL HUM system terms: simple, complicated, and 5.1.1 complex systems; system thinking ACP Describe how changes in one part of a 2 ALL HUM system may impact the other parts. 5.1.2 ACP Describe the role of the human in the 2 ALL HUM system. 5.1.3

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic HUM 6.1 — Effective communication

ACP Explain effective communication in ATC 2 ICAO Doc 9868 ALL HUM operations. 6.1.1 ACP Explain key strategies used to enable 2 Optional content: active listening, active ALL HUM open communication. speaking, assertiveness, honesty, 6.1.2 relevance, facts, neutrality ACP Describe the parameters affecting the 2 Workload, mutual knowledge, controller ALL HUM controller’s competence to versus pilot mental picture, distractions, 6.1.3 communicate effectively. sounds, human conflicts

Optional content: communication between and within the team(s), in the

simulator, with the pilots, instructors,

coordination partners

Subtopic HUM 6.2 — Effective feedback

ACP Define feedback. 1 ALL HUM 6.2.1 ACP Explain the purpose of receiving and 2 ALL HUM giving feedback, and its effect on human 6.2.2 performance. ACP Consider the impact of communication 2 ALL HUM styles on feedback and conflict 6.2.3 resolution.

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION

ACP Integrate feedback into performance. 4 ALL HUM 6.2.4

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPS 1 — VOICE COMMUNICATIONS Subtopic EQPS 1.1 — Radio communications

ACP Operate two-way communication 3 Transmit/receive switches, procedures ALL EQPS equipment. Optional content: frequency selection, 1.1.1 standby equipment ACP Identify indications of operational status 3 Optional content: indicator lights, ALL EQPS of radio equipment. serviceability displays, selector/frequency 1.1.2 displays ACP Consider radio range. 2 Optional content: transfer to another APP EQPS frequency, apparent radio failure, failure ACP 1.1.3 to establish radio contact, frequency APS protection range ACS

Subtopic EQPS 1.2 — Other voice communications

ACP Operate landline communications. 3 Optional content: telephone, interphone ALL EQPS and intercom equipment 1.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 2 — AUTOMATION IN ATS Subtopic EQPS 2.1 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

ACP Decode AFTN messages. 3 Optional content: movement and control ALL EQPS messages, NOTAMs, SNOWTAMs, 2.1.1 BIRDTAMs, etc.

Subtopic EQPS 2.2 — Automatic data interchange

ACP Use automatic data transfer equipment 3 Optional content: automated information APP EQPS where available. and coordination, OLDI ACP 2.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION Subtopic EQPS 3.1 — Operation and monitoring of equipment

ACP Monitor the technical integrity of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.1.1 ACP Operate the equipment of the controller 3 Optional content: situation displays, flight ALL EQPS working position. progress board, flight data display, radio, 3.1.2 telephone, maps and charts, strip-printer,

clock, information systems, UDF/VDF

ACP Operate available equipment in 3 ALL EQPS abnormal and emergency situations. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPS 3.2 — Situation displays and information systems

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION

ACP Use situation displays. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.1 ACP Check availability of information. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.2 ACP Obtain information from equipment. 3 APP EQPS ACP 3.2.3 APS ACS

Subtopic EQPS 3.3 — Flight data systems

ACP Use the flight data information at the 3 ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.3.1

TOPIC EQPS 4 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPS 4.1 — New developments

ACP Recognise future developments. 1 New advanced systems ALL EQPS Optional content: European ATM Master 4.1.1 Plan, European Plan for Aviation Safety

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.1 — Reaction to limitations

ACP Take account of the limitations of 2 ALL EQPS equipment and systems. 5.1.1 ACP Respond to technical deficiencies of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS operational position. 5.1.2

Subtopic EQPS 5.2 — Communication equipment degradation

ACP Identify that communication equipment 3 Optional content: ground–air and landline APP EQPS has degraded. communications ACP 5.2.1 APS ACS ACP Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: procedures for total or ALL EQPS event of communication equipment partial degradation of ground–air and 5.2.2 degradation. landline communications, alternative

methods of transferring data

Subtopic EQPS 5.3 — Navigational equipment degradation

ACP Identify when a navigational equipment 3 Optional content: navigational aids, ALL EQPS failure will affect operational ability. ‘European GNSS Contingency/Reversion 5.3.1 Handbook for PBN Operations’ ACP Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: vertical separation, ALL EQPS event of a navigational equipment information to aircraft, navigational 5.3.2 degradation. assistance, seeking assistance from

adjacent units

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PEN 1 — FAMILIARISATION

Subtopic PEN 1.1 — Study visit to an area control centre

ACP Appreciate the functions and provision 3 Study visit to an area control centre ACP PEN of operational area control service. ACS 1.1.1

TOPIC PEN 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PEN 2.1 — Contributors to civil ATS operations

ACP Characterise civil ATS activities in an 2 Study visit to an area control centre ACP PEN area control centre. Optional content: familiarisation visits to ACS 2.1.1 TWR, APP, AIS, RCC ACP Characterise other parties interfacing 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN with ATS operations. engineering services, firefighting and 2.1.2 emergency services, airline operations

offices

Subtopic PEN 2.2 — Contributors to military ATS operations

ACP Characterise military ATS activities. 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, air defence units 2.2.1

TOPIC PEN 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PEN 3.1 — Provision of services and user requirements

ACP Appreciate the role of an air navigation 3 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 ALL PEN service provider. 3.1.1 ACP Appreciate ATS users’ requirements. 3 ALL PEN 3.1.2

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PEN 4.1 — Environmental protection

ACP Appreciate the mitigation techniques 3 Optional content: free route airspace ACP PEN used en-route to minimise the aviation’s (FRA), night/weekend routes, ICAO Doc 4.1.1 impact on the environment. 10013 — Operational Opportunities to

reduce fuel burn and emissions

SUBJECT 9: ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

TOPIC ABES 1 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 1.1 — Overview of ABES

ACP List common abnormal and emergency 1 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 1.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure, unreliable instruments, runway incursion, GNSS failure

ACP Identify potential or actual abnormal 3 ALL ABES and emergency situations. 1.1.2 ACP Take into account the procedures for 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 APP ABES given abnormal and emergency ACP 1.1.3 situations. APS ACS ACP Take into account that procedures do 2 Optional content: real-life examples ALL ABES not exist for all abnormal and 1.1.4 emergency situations. ACP Consider how the evolution of a 2 Optional content: separation, information, ALL ABES situation may have an impact on safety. coordination 1.1.5

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT Subtopic ABES 2.1 — Communication effectiveness

ACP Ensure effective communication in all 4 Phraseology, vocabulary, readback, radio ALL ABES circumstances including the case where silence instruction 2.1.1 standard phraseology is not applicable. ACP Apply change of radiotelephony call 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES sign. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 2.1.2

Subtopic ABES 2.2 — Avoidance of mental overload

ACP Describe actions to keep the situation 2 Optional content: sector-splitting, holding, ALL ABES under control. flow management, task delegation 2.2.1 ACP Organise priority of actions. 4 ALL ABES 2.2.2 ACP Ensure the effective dissemination of 4 Optional content: between executive and ALL ABES information. planner/coordinator, with the supervisor, 2.2.3 between sectors, between ACC, APP and TWR, with ground staff, etc. ACP Consider asking for help. 2 ALL ABES 2.2.4

Subtopic ABES 2.3 — Air–ground cooperation

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT

ACP Collect appropriate information relevant 3 ALL ABES to the situation. 2.3.1 ACP Assist the pilot. 3 Pilot workload ALL ABES Optional content: instructions, 2.3.2 information, support, human factors, etc.

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.1 — Application of procedures for ABES

ACP Apply the procedures for given 3 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES abnormal and emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 3.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure

Subtopic ABES 3.2 — Radio failure

ACP Describe the procedures to be followed 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES by a pilot when experiencing complete Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, military 3.2.1 or partial radio failure. procedures, simulator operation

procedures

ACP Apply the procedures to be followed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES when a pilot experiences complete or Optional content: prolonged loss of 3.2.2 partial radio failure. communication

Subtopic ABES 3.3 — Unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat

ACP Apply the ATC procedures associated 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES with unlawful interference and aircraft Optional content: simulator operation 3.3.1 bomb threat. procedures

Subtopic ABES 3.4 — Strayed or unidentified aircraft

ACP Apply the procedures for strayed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. Optional content: inside controlled 3.4.1 airspace, outside controlled airspace ACP Apply the procedures for unidentified 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. 3.4.2

Subtopic ABES 3.5 — Diversion

ACP Provide navigational assistance to 4 Track/heading, distance, other APP ABES aircraft diverting in emergency. navigational assistance ACP 3.5.1 Optional content: nearest most suitable APS aerodrome ACS

Subtopic ABES 3.6 — Interception of civil aircraft

ACP Explain the procedures in the event of 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES interception of civil aircraft. 3.6.1

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iv) Composition of initial training

APPROACH CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (APS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) The ATCO rating training Approach Control Surveillance (APS) Rating should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects contained in point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iv) Approach Control Surveillance (APS) Rating. (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(iv) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTR 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTR 1.1 — Course introduction

APS Explain the aims and main objectives of 2 ALL INTR the course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTR 1.2 — Course administration

APS State how the course is administered. 1 ALL INTR 1.2.1

Subtopic INTR 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

APS Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, ALL INTR sources for course studies. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server APS Integrate appropriate information into 4 Training documentation ALL INTR course studies. Optional content: supplementary 1.3.2 information, library

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.1 — Course content and organisation

APS State the different training methods 1 Theoretical training, practical training, ALL INTR used during the course. self-study, types of training events 2.1.1 APS State the subjects covered by the course 1 ALL INTR and their purpose. 2.1.2 APS Describe the organisation of theoretical 2 Optional content: course programme ALL INTR training. 2.1.3 APS Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, ALL INTR training. briefing, debriefing, course programme 2.1.4

Subtopic INTR 2.2 — Training ethos

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE

APS Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Training progress, assessment, briefing, ALL INTR available. debriefing, learner–instructor feedback, 2.2.1 instructor–instructor feedback

Subtopic INTR 2.3 — Assessment process

APS Describe the assessment process. 2 ALL INTR 2.3.1

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAW 1 — ATCO LICENSING/CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Subtopic LAW 1.1 — Privileges and conditions

APS Appreciate the conditions which shall be 3 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 APS LAW met to issue an Approach Control Optional content: national documents 1.1.1 Surveillance rating. APS Explain how to maintain and update 2 ALL LAW professional knowledge and skills to 1.1.2 retain competence in the operational environment. APS Explain the conditions for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ALL LAW suspension/ revocation of an ATCO 1.1.3 licence.

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAW 2.1 — Reports

APS Describe the functions of, and processes 2 Reporting culture, forms for mandatory ALL LAW for, reporting. and voluntary occurrence reporting, 2.1.1 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 , Regulation (EU) 2015/1018 Optional content: breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records, voluntary reporting

APS Use forms for reporting. 3 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, forms for ALL LAW mandatory and voluntary occurrence 2.1.2 reporting

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

Optional content: routine air-reports, breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records

Subtopic LAW 2.2 — Airspace

APS Appreciate airspace classes and 3 APS LAW structure and their relevance to 2.2.1 operations using the Approach Control Surveillance rating. APS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW control actions appropriate to the No 923/2012 , international requirements, 2.2.2 classification and structure of given civil requirements, military requirements, airspace. areas of responsibility, sectorisation,

national requirements

APS Appreciate responsibility for terrain 3 ALL LAW clearance. 2.2.3

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAW 3.1 — Feedback process

APS State the importance of controller 1 Optional content: voluntary reporting ALL LAW contribution to the feedback process. 3.1.1 APS Describe how reported occurrences are 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW analysed. No 376/2014, local procedures 3.1.2 APS Name the means used to disseminate 1 Optional content: safety letters, safety ALL LAW recommendations. boards web pages 3.1.3 APS Appreciate the just culture concept. 3 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints ALL LAW Optional content: Skybrary 3.1.4

Subtopic LAW 3.2 — Safety Investigation

APS Describe the role and objectives of 2 ALL LAW safety investigation in the improvement 3.2.1 of safety.

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service

APS Appreciate own area of responsibility. 3 APP ATM ACP 1.1.1 APS ACS APS Provide approach control service. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APP ATM (EU) 2017/373, operating procedures for APS 1.1.2 the simulated/training environment

Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS)

APS Provide FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 1.2.1 Optional content: national documents APS Use an ATS surveillance system in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM provision of FIS. (EU) 2017/373, information to identified ACS 1.2.2 aircraft concerning: traffic, navigation

Optional content: weather

APS Issue appropriate information 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM concerning the position of conflicting (EU) 2017/373, traffic information, ACS 1.2.3 traffic. essential traffic information APP

ACP

APS Appreciate the use of ATIS in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM provision of FIS. 1.2.4

Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS)

APS Provide ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, Regulation (EU) ALL ATM No 923/2012 1.3.1 Optional content: national documents APS Respond to distress and urgency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM messages and signals. ICAO Annex 10, 1.3.2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

APS Use an ATS surveillance system in the 3 APS ATM provision of ALRS. ACS 1.3.3

Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management (ATFM)

APS Appreciate the impact of the ATS system 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM capacity and air traffic flow Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route ACP 1.4.1 management on the controller. airspace, local implementation of ATFCM APS principles, etc. ACS APS Take account of flow management 2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM procedures in the provision of ATC. Users Manual APS 1.4.2

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

APS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: civil and military, APP ATM take account of airspace boundaries. controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, ACP 1.4.3 restricted, danger, prohibited, special APS rules, sector boundaries, national ACS

boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route

APS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM take account of areas of responsibility. Users Manual ACP 1.4.4 APS ACS APS Inform the supervisor of local factors 3 Optional content: abnormal situations, APP ATM affecting the ATS system capacity and air decrease in sector capacity, limitations on ACP 1.4.5 traffic flow management. systems and equipment, changes in APS workload/capacity, unusual ACS

meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution

APS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 APS ATM take account of the ATS surveillance ACS 1.4.6 system capability.

Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM)

APS Appreciate the impact of ASM on the 3 Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL APP ATM controller. Specification for the application of FUA, ACP 1.5.1 TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace APS ACS APS Organise traffic to take account of ASM. 4 Real-time activation, deactivation or APS ATM reallocation of airspace ACS 1.5.2 Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA

TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication

APS List the means of communication 1 Optional content: electronic, written, ALL ATM between controllers. verbal and non-verbal communication 2.1.1 APS Select the most suitable means of 5 ALL ATM communication given the situation. 2.1.2 APS Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM Optional content: published national/local 2.1.3 language phraseology APS Ensure effective communication. 4 Use of plain language when required, ALL ATM communication within the sector/working 2.1.4 position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units, readback/verification of readback APS Analyse examples of pilot–controller 4 Optional content: real-life recordings, ALL ATM communication for effectiveness. situation in the simulator 2.1.5

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances

APS Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 3.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

APS Integrate appropriate ATC clearances 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.1.2 APS Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.1.3

Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions

APS Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.2.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 national

documents

APS Integrate appropriate ATC instructions 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.2.2 APS Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.2.3

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination

APS Identify the need for coordination. 3 ALL ATM 4.1.1

Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination

APS Use the available tools for coordination. 3 Optional content: electronic transfer of ALL ATM flight data, telephone, interphone, 4.2.1 intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone

(RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination

Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures

APS Initiate appropriate coordination. 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for ALL ATM air–ground communications and 4.3.1 separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Optional content: release point

APS Analyse the effect of coordination 4 Optional content: delegation/transfer of ALL ATM requested by an adjacent position/unit. responsibility for air–ground 4.3.2 communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. APS Select, after negotiation, an appropriate 5 ALL ATM course of action. 4.3.3 APS Ensure the agreed course of action is 4 ALL ATM carried out. 4.3.4

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION

APS Coordinate when providing FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.5 APS Coordinate when providing ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.6

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry

APS Allocate levels according to altimetry 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM data. 5.1.1 APS Ensure separation according to altimetry 4 Optional content: transition level, ALL ATM data. transition altitude, transition layer, height, 5.1.2 flight level, altitude, vertical distance to

airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance

APS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: minimum vectoring APS ATM control actions appropriate to the rules altitude, terrain clearance dimensions, ACS 5.2.1 for minimum usable levels and terrain minimum safe altitudes, transition level, clearance. minimum flight level, minimum sector

altitude

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation

APS Provide standard vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) APP ATM No 923/2012, level allocation, during APS 6.1.1 climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, holding pattern APS Provide increased vertical separation. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM ICAO Doc 4444 ACP 6.1.2 Optional content: level allocation, during APS climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, ACS

degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence

APS Appreciate the application of emergency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM vertical separation. ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 ACP 6.1.3 APS ACS APS Provide vertical separation in a 4 Pressure altitude-derived information, APS ATM surveillance environment. pilot-level reports ACS 6.1.4 Optional content: into/out of ATS

surveillance system coverage

Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment

APS Provide longitudinal separation in a 4 Successive departures, successive arrivals, APS ATM surveillance environment. overflights, speed control, silent transfer, 6.2.1 ICAO Doc 4444

Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Delegation of separation

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION

APS Delegate separation to pilots in the case 4 APP ATM of aircraft executing successive visual APS 6.3.1 approaches. APS Appreciate the conditions which must 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APP ATM be met when delegating separation to APS 6.3.2 pilots to fly maintaining own separation while in VMC.

Subtopic ATM 6.4 — Wake turbulence distance-based separation

APS Provide distance-based wake turbulence 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM separation. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ACS 6.4.1 Optional content: EASA SIB 2017-10 ‘Enroute Wake Turbulence Encounters’,

national documents

Subtopic ATM 6.5 — Separation based on ATS surveillance systems

APS Describe how separation based on ATS 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM surveillance systems is applied. ACS 6.5.1 APS Provide horizontal separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM Optional content: local/simulator ACS 6.5.2 operation manuals, holding APS Provide horizontal separation by 4 Optional content: transit, meteorological APS ATM vectoring in a variety of situations. phenomena, vectoring for approach, ACS 6.5.3 departure versus transit versus arrival APS Ensure horizontal or vertical separation 4 Adjacent sectors, restricted, prohibited APS ATM from airspace boundaries. and danger areas, TSAs ACS 6.5.4

TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets

APS Recognise the independence of ACAS 1 ICAO Doc 9863 ALL ATM thresholds from ATC separation Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 7.1.1 standards. APS Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM during and following an ACAS RA Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, 7.1.2 reported by a pilot. ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets APS Respond to pilot notification of actions 3 ACAS APP ATM based on airborne systems warnings. Optional content: TAWS, Skybrary Safety APS 7.1.3 Nets ACP ACS

Subtopic ATM 7.2 — Ground-based safety nets

APS Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM during and following safety net Optional content: ACAO Doc 4444, STCA, ACS 7.2.1 warnings. MSAW, APW, APM APS Respond to ground-based safety net 3 Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APS ATM warnings. APM ACS 7.2.2

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management

APS Update the data display to accurately 3 Optional content: information displayed, ALL ATM reflect the traffic situation. strip-marking procedures, electronic 8.1.1 information data displays, actions based

on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

APS Analyse pertinent data on data displays. 4 ALL ATM 8.1.2 APS Organise pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.3 APS Obtain flight plan information. 3 CPL, supplementary information ALL ATM Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. 8.1.4 APS Use flight plan information. 3 ALL ATM 8.1.5

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment

APS Obtain information concerning the 3 Optional content: local/simulator ALL ATM operational environment. operation manuals, briefing, notices, 9.1.1 current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination,

verification of information

APS Ensure the integrity of the operational 4 Optional content: integrity of displays, APP ATM environment. verification of the information provided by ACP 9.1.2 displays, etc. APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures

APS Check all relevant documentation before 3 Optional content: briefing, letters of ALL ATM managing traffic. agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs 9.2.1 APS Manage traffic in accordance with a 4 APP ATM change to operational procedures. ACP 9.2.2 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover

APS Transfer information to the relieving 3 ALL ATM controller. 9.3.1 APS Obtain information from the controller 3 ALL ATM handing over. 9.3.2 APS List possible actions to provide a safe 1 Optional content: rigour, preparation, ALL ATM position handover–takeover. overlap time 9.3.3

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED)

APS Explain the consequences of a missed 2 ALL ATM position handover–takeover process. 9.3.4

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision of control service and the processing of information

APS Describe the division of responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM among air traffic control units. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 10.1.1 APS Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 ICAO Doc 4444 ALL ATM military traffic. Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 10.1.2 APS Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM unmanned free balloons. 10.1.3 APS Interpret operational information. 5 APP ATM ACP 10.1.4 APS ACS APS Organise forwarding of operational 4 Optional content: including the use of APP ATM information. backup procedures ACP 10.1.5 APS ACS APS Integrate operational information into 4 APP ATM control decisions. ACP 10.1.6 APS ACS APS Appreciate the influence of operational 3 Optional content: military flying, ALL ATM requirements. calibration flights, aerial photography 10.1.7

Subtopic ATM 10.2 — ATS surveillance service

APS Explain the responsibility for the 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APS ATM provision of ATS surveillance service Regulation (EU) 2017/373 10.2.1 appropriate to APS rating. Optional content: local/simulator

operation manuals

APS Explain the functions that may be 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM performed with the use of ATS ACS 10.2.2 surveillance system derived information presented on a situation display. APS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APS ATM control actions appropriate to VFR, SVFR Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Doc 4444 APP 10.2.3 and IFR traffic in VMC and IMC. APS Apply the procedures for termination of 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM ATS surveillance service. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, transfer ACS 10.2.4 of control, termination or interruption of

ATS surveillance service

Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process

APS Ensure that situational awareness is 4 Information gathering, scanning, traffic APS ATM maintained. projection ACS 10.3.1

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

APS Detect conflicts in time for appropriate 4 ALL ATM resolution. 10.3.2 APS Identify potential solutions to achieve a 3 APP ATM safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.3 APS ACS APS Evaluate possible outcomes of different 5 ALL ATM planning and control actions. 10.3.4 APS Select an appropriate plan in time to 5 APP ATM achieve safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.5 APS ACS APS Ensure the adequate prioritisation of 4 ALL ATM actions. 10.3.6 APS Execute the selected plan in a timely 3 ALL ATM manner. 10.3.7 APS Ensure that a safe and efficient outcome 4 Traffic monitoring, adaptability and ALL ATM is achieved. follow-up 10.3.8

Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic

APS Manage arrivals, departures and 4 Optional content: simulator operation APP ATM overflights. procedures ACP 10.4.1 APS ACS APS Balance the workload against personal 5 Optional content: rerouting, replanning, APP ATM capacity. prioritising solutions, denying requests, ACP 10.4.2 delegating responsibility for separation APS ACS APS Define flight path monitoring and 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM vectoring. ACS 10.4.3 APS Explain the requirements for vectoring 2 ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM and termination of vectoring. ACS 10.4.4 APS Provide vectoring. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM (EU) 2017/373 ACS 10.4.5 Optional content: separation, expediting

arrivals, departures and/or climb to

cruising levels, aircraft leaving the hold,

navigation assistance, uncontrolled

airspace, etc. APS Apply the procedures for termination of 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM vectoring. (EU) 2017/373 ACS 10.4.6 APS Manage traffic on different types of 4 Precision, non-precision, visual APP ATM approaches. APS 10.4.7

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

APS Initiate missed approach. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APP ATM (EU) 2017/373 APS 10.4.8 Optional content: Skybrary APS Integrate aircraft on missed approach 4 APP ATM into the traffic situation. APS 10.4.9

Subtopic ATM 10.5 — Control service with advanced system support

APS Appreciate the impact of advanced 3 Optional content: sequencing systems, APS ATM systems on the provision of approach arrival management, departure 10.5.1 control service. management, automated holding lists,

vertical traffic displays, conflict detection and decision-making tools, automated information and coordination tools

TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING Subtopic ATM 11.1 — Holding procedures

APS Apply holding procedures. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ACP 11.1.1 (EU) 2017/373, holding instructions, APS allocation of holding levels, onward ACS clearance times APS Appreciate the factors affecting holding 3 Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect APP ATM patterns. of navigation aid in use, turbulence, ACP 11.1.2 aircraft type APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Approaching aircraft

APS Issue Expected Approach Times (EATs). 3 APP ATM APS 11.2.1 APS Organise the traffic landing sequence in 4 Optional content: company preference, APP ATM a holding pattern. aircraft performance, aircraft approach APS 11.2.2 capability, ILS categories, flow control

management

Subtopic ATM 11.3 — Holding in a surveillance environment

APS Organise traffic to separate other 4 APS ATM aircraft from holding aircraft. ACS 11.3.1 APS Integrate system support, when 4 Optional content: arrival management APS ATM available. system, automated holding lists, vertical ACS 11.3.2 traffic displays

TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION Subtopic ATM 12.1 — Establishment of identification

APS Appreciate the precautions when 3 APS ATM establishing identification. ACS 12.1.1 APS Identify aircraft. 3 Optional content: PSR, SSR or ADS APS ATM identification method ACS 12.1.2

TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION

APS Apply the procedures for 3 ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM misidentification. Optional content: local/simulator ACS 12.1.3 operation manuals

Subtopic ATM 12.2 — Maintenance of identification

APS Appreciate the necessity to maintain 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.2.1

Subtopic ATM 12.3 — Loss of identity

APS Appreciate when an aircraft 3 Optional content: out of ATS surveillance APS ATM identification is lost or in doubt. system coverage, failure of ATS ACS 12.3.1 surveillance system, weather clutter, other clutter, garbling, holding, etc. APS Apply methods to re-establish 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.3.2 APS Respond to loss/doubt concerning 3 Optional content: procedural separation APS ATM identification. ACS 12.3.3

Subtopic ATM 12.4 — Position information

APS Appreciate the circumstances when 3 APS ATM position information should be passed ACS 12.4.1 on to aircraft. APS State the format in which position 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM information can be passed on to aircraft. ACS 12.4.2

Subtopic ATM 12.5 — Transfer of identity

APS Apply methods of transfer of 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.5.1 APS Appreciate the precautions when 3 APS ATM transferring identification. ACS 12.5.2

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA Subtopic MET 1.1 — Meteorological phenomena

APS Appreciate the impact of adverse 3 Thunderstorms, icing, clear-air turbulence APP MET weather on aircraft. (CAT), turbulence, microburst, wind shear, APS 1.1.1 severe mountain waves, squall lines, volcanic ash APS Integrate data about meteorological 4 Clearances, instructions and transmitted ALL MET phenomena into the provision of ATS. information 1.1.2 Optional content: relevant meteorological

phenomena

APS Use techniques to avoid adverse 3 Rerouting, level change, etc. APP MET weather when necessary/possible. ACP

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA

1.1.3 APS ACS

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Subtopic MET 2.1 — Sources of meteorological information

APS Obtain meteorological information. 3 METAR, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET APP MET Optional content: AIREP/special AIREP ACP 2.1.1 APS ACS APS Decode information from 3 ALL MET meteorological data displays. 2.1.2 APS Relay meteorological information. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, ALL MET Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 2.1.2 Optional content: flight information

centre, adjacent ATS unit

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAV 1 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAV 1.1 — Maps and charts

APS Decode symbols and information 3 Instrument approach charts, SID & STAR ADC NAV displayed on aeronautical maps and charts, aerodrome charts APP 1.1.1 charts. Optional content: visual approach charts, APS

military maps and charts

APS Use relevant maps and charts. 3 ALL NAV 1.1.2

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAV 2.1 — Navigational systems

APS Manage traffic in case of change in the 4 Optional content: limitations, availability APP NAV operational status of navigational and status of ground-based and satellite- ACP 2.1.1 systems. based systems APS ACS APS Appreciate the effect of a change in the 3 Optional content: precision, limitations, ALL NAV operational status of navigational status, degraded procedures 2.1.2 systems.

Subtopic NAV 2.2 — Stabilised approach

APS Describe the concept of stabilised 2 Optional content: Skybrary ADC NAV approach. APP 2.2.1 APS APS Appreciate the effect of late change of 3 Cockpit workload APP NAV runway-in-use or type of approach for Optional content: impact on vertical APS 2.2.2 landing aircraft. profile (CDO), FMS management, crew

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION

procedure briefing, missed approach, loss

of situational awareness, etc. APS Appreciate controller actions that may 3 Inappropriate speed control, vectoring for APS NAV contribute to an unstabilised approach. short final, vectoring for approach with 2.2.3 significant tailwind, glide path interception from above, lack of or incorrect distance to touchdown information, delayed descent, incorrect use of ‘DIRECT TO’

Subtopic NAV 2.3 — Instrument departures and arrivals

APS Describe relevant SIDs and STARs. 2 APP NAV APS 2.3.1 APS Describe the types and phases of 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ICAO Annex 6 ADC NAV instrument approach procedures. APP 2.3.2 APS APS Describe the relevant minima applicable 2 Optional content: Type A/B operations, ADC NAV for a precision/non-precision and visual CAT I/II/III criteria, LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, APP 2.3.3 approach. LPV, RNP AR APCH minima APS

Subtopic NAV 2.4 — Navigational assistance

APS Evaluate the necessary information to 5 Optional content: nearest most suitable APP NAV be provided to pilots in need of aerodrome, track, heading, distance, ACP 2.4.1 navigational assistance. aerodrome information, any other APS

navigational assistance relevant at the ACS time

APS Assist pilots with navigation when 3 Aircraft observed to be deviating from APS NAV required. their known intended route, on pilots’ ACS 2.4.2 request

Subtopic NAV 2.5 — Satellite-based systems

APS State the different applications of 1 RNP APCH, RNP AR APCH, SBAS, GBAS APP NAV satellite-based systems relevant for Optional content: LNAV, LNAV/VNAV LPV, APS 2.5.1 approach operations. RNP minima, precision approach

Subtopic NAV 2.6 — PBN applications

APS State the navigation applications used in 1 Approach-RNP APCH/ RNP AR APCH, APP NAV approach and terminal environments. Terminal-RNAV-1 RNP 1 with RF, APS 2.6.1 rotorcraft option RNP 0.3 Optional content: ICAO Doc 9613, Regulation (EU) No 716/2014 ,

Regulation (EU) 2018/1048

APS Explain the principles and designation of 2 Performance, functionalities, sensors APP NAV navigation specifications in use. Optional content: aircrew and controller ACP 2.6.2 requirements, accuracy requirements, APS

integrity and continuity ACS

APS Describe the differences in turn 2 Optional content: fly-by, fly-over, RF, APP NAV performance. ICAO Doc 4444 APS 2.6.3

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION

APS State future PBN developments. 1 A-RNP, RNP (AR) DEP ALL NAV Optional content: RNP 3D, VNAV, RNP 4D, 2.6.4 TBO

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFT 1 — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFT 1.1 — Aircraft instruments

APS Integrate information from aircraft 4 ALL ACFT instruments provided by the pilot into 1.1.1 the provision of ATS. APS Explain the operation of aircraft radio 2 Optional content: radios (number of), ALL ACFT equipment. emergency radios 1.1.2 APS Explain the operation of on-board 2 Transponders: equipment Mode A, ADC ACFT surveillance equipment. Mode C, Mode S, ADS capability APS 1.1.3 ACS

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES Subtopic ACFT 2.1 — Wake turbulence

APS Explain the wake turbulence effect and 2 ALL ACFT associated hazards to succeeding 2.1.1 aircraft. APS Appreciate the techniques used to 3 ALL ACFT prevent hazards associated with wake 2.1.2 turbulence to succeeding aircraft.

Subtopic ACFT 2.2 — Application of the ICAO approach categories

APS Describe the use of the ICAO approach 2 ICAO Doc 8168 ADC ACFT categories. APP 2.2.1 APS APS Appreciate the effect of the ICAO 3 ADC ACFT approach categories on the traffic APP 2.2.2 organisation. APS

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE Subtopic ACFT 3.1 — Climb factors

APS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: speed, mass, air density, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during climb. cabin pressurisation, wind and ACP 3.1.1 temperature APS ACS APS Describe the influence of factors 3 Optional content: runway conditions, APP ACFT affecting departing aircraft. runway slope, aerodrome elevation, wind, APS 3.1.2 temperature, aircraft configuration,

airframe contamination and aircraft mass

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE Subtopic ACFT 3.2 — Cruise factors

APS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: level, cruising speed, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during cruise. wind, mass, cabin pressurisation APS 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.3 — Descent and initial approach factors

APS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, speed, rate of APP ACFT affecting aircraft during descent. descent, aircraft configuration, cabin APS 3.3.1 pressurisation

Subtopic ACFT 3.4 — Final approach and landing factors

APS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, aircraft APP ACFT affecting aircraft during final approach configuration, mass, meteorological APS 3.4.1 and landing. conditions, runway conditions, runway

slope, aerodrome elevation

Subtopic ACFT 3.5 — Economic factors

APS Integrate consideration of economic 4 Optional content: routing, level, speed, APP ACFT factors affecting aircraft. rate of climb and rate of descent, APS 3.5.1 approach profile APS Provide continuous climb/descent 4 APS ACFT whenever possible. ACS 3.5.2 APS Use direct routing where applicable. 3 APP ACFT ACP 3.5.3 APS

ACS

APS Appreciate controller’s actions that may 3 Optional content: level instructions, speed APS ACFT contribute to pilot’s ability to fly an control, vertical speed control, vectoring, ACS 3.5.4 optimum continuous descent. distance-to-touchdown information

Subtopic ACFT 3.6 — Environmental factors

APS Appreciate the performance restrictions 3 Optional content: fuel-dumping, noise- APP ACFT due to environmental considerations. abatement procedures, minimum flight APS 3.6.1 levels, bird strike hazard, continuous

descent operations

TOPIC ACFT 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA Subtopic ACFT 4.1 — Performance data

APS Integrate the average performance data 4 Performance data under a representative ALL ACFT of a representative sample of aircraft variety of circumstances 4.1.1 which will be encountered in the operational/ working environment into the provision of control service.

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING Subtopic HUM 1.1 — Cognition and factors influencing it

APS Describe the human information- 2 Attention, perception, memory, ALL HUM processing model. situational awareness, decision-making, 1.1.1 response APS Describe the factors which influence 2 Confidence, stress, learning, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing. experience, fatigue, alcohol/drugs, 1.1.2 distraction, interpersonal relations

Subtopic HUM 1.2 — Situational awareness

APS Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, knowledge, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.2.1 situational awareness. confidence, experience, fatigue, stress

Subtopic HUM 1.3 — Decision-making

APS Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, stress, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.3.1 decision-making. confidence

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Subtopic HUM 2.1 — Fatigue

APS Describe the onset of fatigue. 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL HUM Optional content: lack of concentration, 2.1.1 listlessness, irritability, frustration, Skybrary Human Behaviour:

EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

APS Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 1 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM and in others. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.2 sleep management APS Describe the appropriate action when 2 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM recognising fatigue. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.3 sleep management

Subtopic HUM 2.2 — Stress

APS Recognise the effects of stress on 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in ALL HUM human performance. others 2.2.1 Optional content: Regulation (EU)

2017/373

APS Describe the appropriate action when 2 ALL HUM recognising stress. 2.2.2 APS Act to reduce stress. 3 ALL HUM 2.2.3 APS Respond to a stressful situation by 3 ALL HUM offering, asking for or accepting 2.2.4 assistance. APS Recognise the effect of stressful events. 1 Self and others, abnormal situations ALL HUM

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

2.2.5

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Subtopic HUM 3.1 — Threat and error management framework

APS Explain the importance of threat and 2 Optional content: prevention of incidents, ALL HUM error management. safety improvement, revision of 3.1.1 procedures and/or working practices APS Explain the threat and error 2 Threats, errors, undesired states, ALL HUM management framework. countermeasures 3.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APS Differentiate between the different 2 Internal, external, airborne, ALL HUM types of threats in ATC. environmental 3.1.3 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APS Differentiate between the different 2 Equipment, procedural, communication ALL HUM types of errors in ATC. Optional content: increase in traffic, 3.1.4 changes in procedures, complexities of

systems or traffic, weather, unusual occurrences

APS Differentiate between the different 2 On the ground, airborne ALL HUM types of undesired states. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.5 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APS Analyse examples of threat and error 4 Case studies ALL HUM management in ATC. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.6 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

Subtopic HUM 3.2 — Application of threat and error management

APS Manage threats. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.1 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APS Manage errors. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.2 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

APS Manage undesired states. 4 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.3 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.1 — Benefits of teamwork

APS State the benefits of teamwork. 1 Increased safety, efficiency and capacity ALL HUM

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK

4.1.1

APS List the controller’s human performance 1 Situational awareness, communication, ALL HUM elements affected by teamwork. decision-making, threat and error 4.1.2 management, workload management

Subtopic HUM 4.2 — Conflict management

APS Identify the reasons for conflict. 3 ALL HUM 4.2.1 APS Describe strategies to cope with human 2 Optional content: in your team, in the ALL HUM conflicts. simulator 4.2.2 APS Describe actions to prevent human 2 ALL HUM conflicts. 4.2.3

TOPIC HUM 5 — HUMAN ERROR Subtopic HUM 5.1 — Concept of systems in ATM/ANS

APS Explain the concept of systems. 2 People; procedures; equipment; ATM in ALL HUM systems terms: simple, complicated, and 5.1.1 complex systems; system thinking APS Describe how changes in one part of a 2 ALL HUM system may impact the other parts. 5.1.2 APS Describe the role of the human in the 2 ALL HUM system. 5.1.3

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic HUM 6.1 — Effective communication

APS Explain effective communication in ATC 2 ICAO Doc 9868 ALL HUM operations. 6.1.1 APS Explain key strategies used to enable 2 Optional content: active listening, active ALL HUM open communication. speaking, assertiveness, honesty, 6.1.2 relevance, facts, neutrality APS Describe the parameters affecting the 2 Workload, mutual knowledge, controller ALL HUM controller’s competence to versus pilot mental picture, distractions, 6.1.3 communicate effectively. sound, human conflicts

Optional content: communication between and within the team(s), in the

simulator, with the pilots, instructors,

coordination partners workload

Subtopic HUM 6.2 — Effective feedback

APS Define feedback. 1 ALL HUM 6.2.1

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION

APS Explain the purpose of receiving and 2 ALL HUM giving feedback, and its effect on 6.2.2 performance. APS Consider the impact of communication 2 ALL HUM styles on feedback and on conflict 6.2.3 resolution. APS Integrate feedback into performance. 4 ALL HUM 6.2.4

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPS 1 — VOICE COMMUNICATIONS Subtopic EQPS 1.1 — Radio communications

APS Operate two-way communication 3 Transmit/receive switches, procedures ALL EQPS equipment. Optional content: frequency selection, 1.1.1 standby equipment APS Identify indications of operational status 3 Optional content: indicator lights, ALL EQPS of radio equipment. serviceability displays, selector/frequency 1.1.2 displays APS Consider radio range. 2 Optional content: transfer to another APP EQPS frequency, apparent radio failure, failure ACP 1.1.3 to establish radio contact, frequency APS protection range ACS

Subtopic EQPS 1.2 — Other voice communications

APS Operate landline communications. 3 Optional content: telephone, interphone ALL EQPS and intercom equipment 1.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 2 — AUTOMATION IN ATS Subtopic EQPS 2.1 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

APS Decode AFTN messages. 3 Optional content: movement and control ALL EQPS messages, NOTAMs, SNOWTAMs, 2.1.1 BIRDTAMs, etc.

Subtopic EQPS 2.2 — Automatic data interchange

APS Use automatic data transfer equipment 3 Optional content: sequencing systems, ADC EQPS where available. automated information and coordination, APS 2.2.1 OLDI ACS

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION Subtopic EQPS 3.1 — Operation and monitoring of equipment

APS Monitor the technical integrity of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.1.1

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION

APS Operate the equipment of the controller 3 Optional content: situation displays, flight ALL EQPS working position. progress board, flight data display, radio, 3.1.2 telephone, maps and charts, strip-printer,

clock, information systems, UDF/VDF

APS Operate the available equipment in 3 ALL EQPS abnormal and emergency situations. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPS 3.2 — Situation displays and information systems

APS Use situation displays. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.1 APS Check the availability of information. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.2 APS Obtain information from equipment. 3 APP EQPS ACP 3.2.3 APS ACS

Subtopic EQPS 3.3 — Flight data systems

APS Use the flight data information at the 3 ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.3.1

Subtopic EQPS 3.4 — Use of the ATS surveillance system

APS Use the ATS surveillance system 3 APS EQPS functions. ACS 3.4.1 APS Analyse the information provided by the 4 APS EQPS ATS surveillance system. ACS 3.4.2 APS Assign codes. 4 APS EQPS ACS 3.4.3 APS Appreciate the use of advanced 3 Optional content: Mode S, ADS-B, MLAT APS EQPS surveillance technology. ACS 3.4.4

Subtopic EQPS 3.5 — Advanced systems

APS Appreciate the use of controller–pilot 3 APS EQPS data link communications when ACS 3.5.1 available. APS Characterise the use of information 2 MTCD, AMAN, DMAN APS EQPS provided by advanced systems. Optional content: trajectory-based ACS 3.5.2 information, MONA, etc.

TOPIC EQPS 4 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPS 4.1 — New developments

APS Recognise future developments. 1 New advanced systems ALL EQPS Optional content: European ATM Master 4.1.1 Plan, European Plan for Aviation Safety

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.1 — Reaction to limitations

APS Take account of the limitations of 2 ALL EQPS equipment and systems. 5.1.1 APS Respond to technical deficiencies of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS operational position. 5.1.2

Subtopic EQPS 5.2 — Communication equipment degradation

APS Identify that communication equipment 3 Optional content: ground–air and landline APP EQPS has degraded. communications ACP 5.2.1 APS ACS APS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: procedures for total or ALL EQPS event of communication equipment partial degradation of ground–air and 5.2.2 degradation. landline communications, alternative

methods of transferring data

Subtopic EQPS 5.3 — Navigational equipment degradation

APS Identify when a navigational equipment 3 Optional content: navigational aids, ALL EQPS failure will affect operational ability. ‘European GNSS Contingency/Reversion 5.3.1 Handbook for PBN Operations’ APS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: vertical separation, ALL EQPS event of a navigational equipment information to aircraft, navigational 5.3.2 degradation. assistance, seeking assistance from

adjacent units

Subtopic EQPS 5.4 — Surveillance equipment degradation

APS Identify that surveillance equipment has 3 Partial power failure, loss of certain APS EQPS degraded. facilities, total failure ACS 5.4.1 APS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: inform adjacent sectors, APS EQPS event of surveillance equipment inform aircraft, apply vertical separation ACS 5.4.2 degradation. (emergency), increased horizontal

separation, reduce the number of aircraft entering area of responsibility, transfer aircraft to another unit

Subtopic EQPS 5.5 — ATC processing system degradation

APS Identify processing system degradation. 3 Optional content: FDPS, SDPS, software APS EQPS processing of situation display ACS 5.5.1 APS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 APS EQPS event of processing system degradation. ACS 5.5.2

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PEN 1 — FAMILIARISATION

Subtopic PEN 1.1 — Study visit to an approach control unit

APS Appreciate the functions and provision 3 Study visit to an approach control unit APP PEN of operational approach control service. APS 1.1.1

TOPIC PEN 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PEN 2.1 — Contributors to civil ATS operations

APS Characterise civil ATS activities in an 2 Study visit to an approach control unit APP PEN approach control unit. Optional content: familiarisation visits to APS 2.1.1 TWR, ACC, AIS, RCC APS Characterise other parties interfacing 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN with ATS operations. engineering services, firefighting and 2.1.2 emergency services, airline operations

offices

Subtopic PEN 2.2 — Contributors to military ATS operations

APS Characterise military ATS activities. 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, air defence units 2.2.1

TOPIC PEN 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PEN 3.1 — Provision of services and user requirements

APS Appreciate the role of an air navigation 3 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 ALL PEN service provider. 3.1.1 APS Appreciate ATS users’ requirements. 3 ALL PEN 3.1.2

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PEN 4.1 — Environmental protection

APS Describe the environmental constraints 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 10013 — ADC PEN on aerodrome operations. Operational Opportunities to reduce fuel APP 4.1.1 burn and emissions APS APS Explain the use of the Collaborative 2 Optional content: European ATM Master ADC PEN Environmental Management (CEM) Plan, EUROCONTROL CEM Specification APP 4.1.2 process at aerodromes. APS APS Appreciate the mitigation techniques 3 Optional content: continuous descent APS PEN used to minimise aviation’s impact on operations (CDO), continuous climb 4.1.3 the environment. operations (CCO), noise-abatement

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

procedures, noise preferential routes,

flight efficiency

SUBJECT 9: ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

TOPIC ABES 1 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 1.1 — Overview of ABES

APS List common abnormal and emergency 1 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 1.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure, unreliable instruments, runway incursion, GNSS failure

APS Identify potential or actual abnormal 3 ALL ABES and emergency situations. 1.1.2 APS Take into account the procedures for 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 APP ABES given abnormal and emergency ACP 1.1.3 situations. APS ACS APS Take into account that procedures do 2 Optional content: real-life examples ALL ABES not exist for all abnormal and 1.1.4 emergency situations. APS Consider how the evolution of a 2 Optional content: separation, information, ALL ABES situation may have an impact on safety. coordination 1.1.5

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT Subtopic ABES 2.1 — Communication effectiveness

APS Ensure effective communication in all 4 Phraseology, vocabulary, readback, radio ALL ABES circumstances including the case where silence instruction 2.1.1 standard phraseology is not applicable. APS Apply change of radiotelephony call 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES sign. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 2.1.2

Subtopic ABES 2.2 — Avoidance of mental overload

APS Describe actions to keep the situation 2 Optional content: sector-splitting, holding, ALL ABES under control. flow management, task delegation 2.2.1 APS Organise priority of actions. 4 ALL ABES 2.2.2

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT

APS Ensure the effective dissemination of 4 Optional content: between executive and ALL ABES information. planner/coordinator, with the supervisor, 2.2.3 between sectors, between ACC, APP and TWR, with ground staff, etc. APS Consider asking for help. 2 ALL ABES 2.2.4

Subtopic ABES 2.3 — Air–ground cooperation

APS Collect appropriate information relevant 3 ALL ABES to the situation. 2.3.1 APS Assist the pilot. 3 Pilot workload ALL ABES Optional content: instructions, 2.3.2 information, support, human factors, etc.

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.1 — Application of procedures for ABES

APS Apply the procedures for given 3 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES abnormal and emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 3.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure

Subtopic ABES 3.2 — Radio failure

APS Describe the procedures to be followed 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES by a pilot when experiencing complete Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, military 3.2.1 or partial radio failure. procedures, simulator operation

procedures

APS Apply the procedures to be followed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES when a pilot experiences complete or Optional content: prolonged loss of 3.2.2 partial radio failure. communication

Subtopic ABES 3.3 — Unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat

APS Apply ATC procedures associated with 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES unlawful interference and aircraft bomb Optional content: simulator operation 3.3.1 threat. procedures

Subtopic ABES 3.4 — Strayed or unidentified aircraft

APS Apply the procedures for strayed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. Optional content: inside controlled 3.4.1 airspace, outside controlled airspace APS Apply the procedures for unidentified 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. 3.4.2

Subtopic ABES 3.5 — Diversion

APS Provide navigational assistance to 4 Track/heading, distance, other APP ABES aircraft diverting in emergency. navigational assistance ACP 3.5.1 Optional content: nearest most suitable APS aerodrome ACS

Subtopic ABES 3.6 — Transponder failure

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES)

APS Apply procedures in the event of an SSR 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 APS ABES transponder failure. Optional content: total/partial failure, ACS 3.6.1 impact on ADS-B/Mode S capability

Subtopic ABES 3.7 — Interception of civil aircraft

APS Explain the procedures in the event of 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES interception of civil aircraft. 3.7.1

SUBJECT 10: AERODROMES

TOPIC AGA 1 — AERODROME DATA, LAYOUT AND COORDINATION Subtopic AGA 1.1 — Definitions

APS Define aerodrome data. 1 Regulation (EU) No 139/20141 ADC AGA Optional content: aerodrome elevation, APP 1.1.1 reference point, apron, movement area, APS manoeuvring area, hotspot

Subtopic AGA 1.2 — Coordination

APS Identify the information that has to be 3 Aerodrome conditions, fire/rescue ADC AGA exchanged between Air Traffic Services category, condition of ground equipment APP 1.2.1 (ATS) and the aerodrome authority. and NAVAIDs, AIRAC, Regulation (EU) No APS 139/2014

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA Subtopic AGA 2.1 — Movement area

APS Describe the movement area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.1.1 APS APS Describe the marking of obstacles and 2 Flags, signs on pavement, lights ADC AGA unusable or unserviceable areas. APP 2.1.2 APS APS Identify the information on conditions of 3 Essential information on aerodrome ADC AGA the movement area that has to be conditions APP 2.1.3 passed on to aircraft. APS

Subtopic AGA 2.2 — Manoeuvring area

APS Describe the manoeuvring area. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.2.1 APS APS Describe the taxiway. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.2 APS APS Describe the daylight marking on 2 ADC AGA taxiways. APP 2.2.3 APS

TOPIC AGA 2 — MOVEMENT AREA

APS Describe taxiway lighting. 2 ADC AGA APP 2.2.4 APS

Subtopic AGA 2.3 — Runways

APS Describe the runway. 2 Runway, runway surface, runway strip, ADC AGA runway shoulder, runway-end safety APP 2.3.1 areas, clearways, stopways APS APS Describe the instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.2 APS APS Describe the non-instrument runway. 2 Regulation (EU) No 139/2014 ADC AGA APP 2.3.3 APS APS Explain declared distances. 2 TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA ADC AGA APP 2.3.4 APS APS Explain the differences between ACN 2 Strength of pavements ADC AGA and PCN. APP 2.3.5 APS APS Describe the daylight markings on 2 Optional content: runway designator, ADC AGA runways. centre line, threshold, aiming point, fixed APP 2.3.6 distance, touchdown zone, side strip, APS

colour

APS Describe runway lights. 2 Optional content: colour, centre line, ADC AGA intensity, edge, touchdown zone, APP 2.3.7 threshold, barettes APS APS Explain the functions of visual landing 2 Optional content: AVASI, VASI, PAPI ADC AGA aids. APP 2.3.8 APS APS Describe the approach lighting systems. 2 Centre line, cross bars, stroboscopic lights, ADC AGA colours, intensity and brightness APP 2.3.9 APS APS Characterise the effect of water/ice on 2 ADC AGA runways. APP 2.3.10 APS APS Explain braking performance and 2 ADC AGA methods of reporting it. APP 2.3.11 APS APS Explain the effect of runway visual range 2 ADC AGA on aerodrome operations. APP 2.3.12 APS

TOPIC AGA 3 — OBSTACLES Subtopic AGA 3.1 — Obstacle-free airspace around aerodromes

APS Explain the necessity for establishing 2 ADC AGA and maintaining airspace around APP 3.1.1 aerodromes obstacle free. APS

TOPIC AGA 4 — MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT Subtopic AGA 4.1 — Location

APS Explain the location of different 2 Optional content: LOC, GP, VDF, radio ADC AGA aerodrome ground equipment. communication or ATS surveillance APP 4.1.1 systems sensors, stopbars, AVASI, VASI, APS

PAPI

AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Composition of initial training

AREA CONTROL SURVEILLANCE (ACS) RATING TRAINING — TOPICS, SUBTOPICS AND TRAINING OBJECTIVES

(a) The general principles that apply to this AMC are contained in AMC1 ATCO.D.010(a). (b) The ATCO rating training Area Control Surveillance (ACS) Rating should contain the following topics, subtopics and training objectives that are associated with the subjects contained in point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) Area Control Surveillance (ACS) Rating. (c) Subjects from point ATCO.D.010(a)(2)(v) are repeated in this AMC for the convenience of the reader and do not form part of it. INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

TOPIC INTR 1 — COURSE MANAGEMENT Subtopic INTR 1.1 — Course introduction

ACS Explain the aims and main objectives of 2 ALL INTR the course. 1.1.1

Subtopic INTR 1.2 — Course administration

ACS State how the course is administered. 1 ALL INTR 1.2.1

Subtopic INTR 1.3 — Study material and training documentation

ACS Use appropriate documents and their 3 Optional content: training documentation, ALL INTR sources for course studies. library, CBT library, web, learning 1.3.1 management server ACS Integrate appropriate information into 4 Training documentation ALL INTR course studies. Optional content: supplementary 1.3.2 information, library

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Subtopic INTR 2.1 — Course content and organisation

ACS State the different training methods 1 Theoretical training, practical training, ALL INTR used during the course. self-study, types of training events 2.1.1 ACS State the subjects covered by the course 1 ALL INTR and their purpose. 2.1.2

TOPIC INTR 2 — INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE

ACS Describe the organisation of theoretical 2 Optional content: course programme ALL INTR training. 2.1.3 ACS Describe the organisation of practical 2 Optional content: PTP, simulation, ALL INTR training. briefing, debriefing, course programme 2.1.4

Subtopic INTR 2.2 — Training ethos

ACS Recognise the feedback mechanisms 1 Training progress, assessment, briefing, ALL INTR available. debriefing, learner–instructor feedback, 2.2.1 instructor–instructor feedback

Subtopic INTR 2.3 — Assessment process

ACS Describe the assessment process. 2 ALL INTR 2.3.1

SUBJECT 1: AVIATION LAW

TOPIC LAW 1 — ATCO LICENSING/CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Subtopic LAW 1.1 — Privileges and conditions

ACS Appreciate the conditions which shall be 3 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ACS LAW met to issue an Area Control 1.1.1 Surveillance rating. ACS Explain how to maintain and update 2 ALL LAW professional knowledge and skills to 1.1.2 retain competence in the operational environment. ACS Explain the conditions for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2015/340 ALL LAW suspension/ revocation of an ATCO 1.1.3 licence.

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS Subtopic LAW 2.1 — Reports

ACS Describe the functions of, and processes 2 Reporting culture, forms for mandatory ALL LAW for, reporting. and voluntary occurrence reporting, 2.1.1 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014 , Regulation (EU) 2015/1018

TOPIC LAW 2 — RULES AND REGULATIONS

Optional content: breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records, voluntary reporting

ACS Use forms for reporting. 3 Regulation (EU) No 376/2014, forms for ALL LAW mandatory and voluntary occurrence 2.1.2 reporting Optional content: routine air-reports, breach of regulations,

watchbook/logbook, records

Subtopic LAW 2.2 — Airspace

ACS Appreciate airspace classes and 3 ACS LAW structure and their relevance to 2.2.1 operations using the Area Control Surveillance rating. ACS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: Regulation (EU) No ALL LAW control actions appropriate to the 923/2012 , international requirements, 2.2.2 classification and structure of given civil requirements, military requirements, airspace. areas of responsibility, sectorisation,

national requirements

ACS Appreciate responsibility for terrain 3 ALL LAW clearance. 2.2.3

TOPIC LAW 3 — ATS SAFETY MANAGEMENT Subtopic LAW 3.1 — Feedback process

ACS State the importance of controller 1 Optional content: voluntary reporting ALL LAW contribution to the feedback process. 3.1.1 ACS Describe how reported occurrences are 2 Optional content: Regulation (EU) ALL LAW analysed. No 376/2014, local procedures 3.1.2 ACS Name the means used to disseminate 1 Optional content: safety letters, safety ALL LAW recommendations. boards’ web pages 3.1.3 ACS Appreciate the just culture concept. 3 Benefits, prerequisites, constraints ALL LAW Optional content: Skybrary 3.1.4

Subtopic LAW 3.2 — Safety investigation

ACS Describe the role and objectives of 2 ALL LAW safety investigation in the improvement 3.2.1 of safety.

SUBJECT 2: AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES Subtopic ATM 1.1 — Air traffic control (ATC) service

ACS Appreciate own area of responsibility. 3 APP ATM ACP 1.1.1 APS ACS ACS Provide area control service. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ACP ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373, operating ACS 1.1.2 procedures for the simulated/training environment

Subtopic ATM 1.2 — Flight information service (FIS)

ACS Provide FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 1.2.1 Optional content: national documents ACS Use an ATS surveillance system in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM provision of FIS. (EU) 2017/373, information to identified ACS 1.2.2 aircraft concerning: traffic, navigation

Optional content: weather

ACS Issue appropriate information 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM concerning the position of conflicting (EU) 2017/373, traffic information, ACS 1.2.3 traffic. essential traffic information APP

ACP

ACS Appreciate the use of ATIS in the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM provision of FIS. 1.2.4

Subtopic ATM 1.3 — Alerting service (ALRS)

ACS Provide ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 1.3.1 Optional content: national documents ACS Respond to distress and urgency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM messages and signals. ICAO Annex 10 1.3.2 Optional content: EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations, ICAO Doc 4444, national documents

ACS Use an ATS surveillance system in the 3 APS ATM provision of ALRS. ACS 1.3.3

Subtopic ATM 1.4 — ATS system capacity and air traffic flow management

ACS Appreciate the impact of the ATS system 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM capacity and air traffic flow Users Manual, FABs, FUA, free route ACP 1.4.1 management on the controller. airspace, local implementation of ATFCM APS principles, etc. ACS ACS Apply flow management procedures in 3 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM ACP ATM the provision of ATC. Users Manual ACS 1.4.2

TOPIC ATM 1 — PROVISION OF SERVICES

ACS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: civil and military, APP ATM take account of airspace boundaries. controlled, uncontrolled, advisory, ACP 1.4.3 restricted, danger, prohibited, special APS rules, sector boundaries, national ACS

boundaries, FIR boundaries, delegated airspace, transfer of control, transfer of communications, en-route, off-route

ACS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 Optional content: EUROCONTROL ATFCM APP ATM take account of areas of responsibility. Users Manual ACP 1.4.4 APS ACS ACS Inform the supervisor of local factors 3 Optional content: abnormal situations, APP ATM affecting the ATS system capacity and air decrease in sector capacity, limitations on ACP 1.4.5 traffic flow management. systems and equipment, changes in APS workload/capacity, unusual ACS

meteorological conditions, relevant information like: reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution

ACS Organise traffic flows and patterns to 4 APS ATM take account of the ATS surveillance ACS 1.4.6 system capability.

Subtopic ATM 1.5 — Airspace management (ASM)

ACS Appreciate the impact of ASM on the 3 Optional content: FABs, EUROCONTROL APP ATM controller. Specification for the application of FUA, ACP 1.5.1 TSAs, CDRs, CBAs, free route airspace APS ACS ACS Organise traffic to take account of ASM. 4 Real-time activation, deactivation or APS ATM reallocation of airspace ACS 1.5.2 Optional content: CDR, TSA, TRA, CBA

TOPIC ATM 2 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic ATM 2.1 — Effective communication

ACS List the means of communication 1 Optional content: electronic, written, ALL ATM between controllers. verbal and non-verbal communication 2.1.1 ACS Select the most suitable means of 5 ALL ATM communication given the situation. 2.1.2 ACS Use approved phraseology. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM Optional content: published national/local 2.1.3 language phraseology ACS Ensure effective communication. 4 Use of plain language when required, ALL ATM communication within the sector/working 2.1.4 position, between the sectors/WPs/ATC units, readback/verification of readback ACS Analyse examples of pilot–controller 4 Optional content: real-life recordings, ALL ATM communication for effectiveness. situation in the simulator 2.1.5

TOPIC ATM 3 — ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Subtopic ATM 3.1 — ATC clearances

ACS Issue appropriate ATC clearances. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ALL ATM (EU) 2017/373 3.1.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

ACS Integrate appropriate ATC clearances 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.1.2 ACS Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.1.3

Subtopic ATM 3.2 — ATC instructions

ACS Issue appropriate ATC instructions. 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ALL ATM Regulation (EU) 2017/373 3.2.1 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, national

documents

ACS Integrate appropriate ATC instructions 4 ALL ATM into the control service. 3.2.2 ACS Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 3.2.3

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION Subtopic ATM 4.1 — Necessity for coordination

ACS Identify the need for coordination. 3 ALL ATM 4.1.1

Subtopic ATM 4.2 — Tools and methods for coordination

ACS Use the available tools for coordination. 3 Optional content: electronic transfer of ALL ATM flight data, telephone, interphone, 4.2.1 intercom, direct speech, radiotelephone

(RTF), local agreements, automated system coordination

Subtopic ATM 4.3 — Coordination procedures

ACS Initiate appropriate coordination. 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for ALL ATM air–ground communications and 4.3.1 separation, transfer of control, etc., Regulation (EU) 2017/373

Optional content: release point

ACS Analyse the effect of coordination 4 Optional content: delegation/transfer of ALL ATM requested by an adjacent position/unit. responsibility for air–ground 4.3.2 communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. ACS Select, after negotiation, an appropriate 5 ALL ATM course of action. 4.3.3 ACS Ensure that the agreed course of action 4 ALL ATM is carried out. 4.3.4

TOPIC ATM 4 — COORDINATION

ACS Coordinate when providing FIS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.5 ACS Coordinate when providing ALRS. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 4.3.6

TOPIC ATM 5 — ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Subtopic ATM 5.1 — Altimetry

ACS Allocate levels according to altimetry 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM data. 5.1.1 ACS Ensure separation according to altimetry 4 Optional content: transition level, ALL ATM data. transition altitude, transition layer, height, 5.1.2 flight level, altitude, vertical distance to

airspace boundaries

Subtopic ATM 5.2 — Terrain clearance

ACS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Optional content: minimum vectoring APS ATM control actions appropriate to the rules altitude, terrain clearance dimensions, ACS 5.2.1 for minimum usable levels and terrain minimum safe altitudes, transition level, clearance. minimum flight level, minimum sector

altitude

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION Subtopic ATM 6.1 — Vertical separation

ACS Provide standard vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) No ACP ATM 923/2012, level allocation, during ACS 6.1.1 climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, RVSM, non-RVSM aircraft, holding pattern ACS Provide increased vertical separation. 4 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ACP 6.1.2 Optional content: level allocation, during APS climb/descent, rate of climb/descent, ACS

degraded aircraft performance, non-RVSM aircraft, reported severe turbulence

ACS Appreciate the application of emergency 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, APP ATM vertical separation. ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 7030 ACP 6.1.3 APS ACS ACS Provide vertical separation in a 4 Pressure altitude-derived information, APS ATM surveillance environment. pilot-level reports ACS 6.1.4 Optional content: into/out of ATS

surveillance system coverage

Subtopic ATM 6.2 — Longitudinal separation in a surveillance environment

ACS Provide longitudinal separation in a 4 Successive departures, successive arrivals, ACS ATM surveillance environment. overflights, speed control, Mach number 6.2.1 techniques, silent transfer, ICAO Doc 4444

Subtopic ATM 6.3 — Wake turbulence distance-based separation

TOPIC ATM 6 — SEPARATION

ACS Provide distance-based wake turbulence 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, APS ATM separation. Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ACS 6.3.1 Optional content: EASA SIB 2017-10 ‘Enroute Wake Turbulence Encounters’,

national documents

Subtopic ATM 6.4 — Separation based on ATS surveillance systems

ACS Describe how separation based on ATS 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM surveillance systems is applied. ACS 6.4.1 ACS Provide horizontal separation. 4 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM Optional content: local/simulator ACS 6.4.2 operation manuals, holding ACS Provide horizontal separation by 4 Optional content: transit, meteorological APS ATM vectoring in a variety of situations. phenomena, vectoring for approach, ACS 6.4.3 departure versus transit versus arrival ACS Ensure horizontal or vertical separation 4 Adjacent sectors, restricted, prohibited APS ATM from airspace boundaries. and danger areas, TSAs. ACS 6.4.4

TOPIC ATM 7 — AIRBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SAFETY NETS Subtopic ATM 7.1 — Airborne safety nets

ACS Recognise the independence of ACAS 1 ICAO Doc 9863 ALL ATM thresholds from ATC separation Optional content: Skybrary Safety Nets 7.1.1 standards. ACS Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM during and following an ACAS RA Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, 7.1.2 reported by a pilot. ICAO Doc 9863, Skybrary Safety Nets ACS Respond to pilot notification of actions 3 ACAS APP ATM based on airborne systems warnings. Optional content: TAWS, Skybrary Safety APS 7.1.3 Nets ACP ACS

Subtopic ATM 7.2 — Ground-based safety nets

ACS Describe the controller responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM during and following safety net Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, STCA, ACS 7.2.1 warnings. MSAW, APW, APM ACS Respond to ground-based safety net 3 Optional content: STCA, MSAW, APW, APS ATM warnings. APM ACS 7.2.2

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY Subtopic ATM 8.1 — Data management

ACS Update the data display to accurately 3 Optional content: information displayed, ALL ATM reflect the traffic situation. strip-marking procedures, electronic 8.1.1 information data displays, actions based

on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

ACS Analyse pertinent data on data displays. 4 ALL ATM 8.1.2

TOPIC ATM 8 — DATA DISPLAY

ACS Organise pertinent data on data 4 ALL ATM displays. 8.1.3 ACS Obtain flight plan information. 3 CPL, supplementary information ALL ATM Optional content: FPL, AFIL, etc. 8.1.4 ACS Use flight plan information. 3 ALL ATM 8.1.5

TOPIC ATM 9 — OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (SIMULATED) Subtopic ATM 9.1 — Integrity of the operational environment

ACS Obtain information concerning the 3 Optional content: local/simulator ALL ATM operational environment. operation manuals, briefing, notices, 9.1.1 current flight plan data/information displays, pilot reports, coordination,

verification of information

ACS Ensure the integrity of the operational 4 Optional content: integrity of displays, APP ATM environment. verification of the information provided by ACP 9.1.2 displays, etc. APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.2 — Verification of the currency of operational procedures

ACS Check all relevant documentation before 3 Optional content: briefing, letters of ALL ATM managing traffic. agreement (LoAs), NOTAMs, AICs 9.2.1 ACS Manage traffic in accordance with a 4 APP ATM change to operational procedures. ACP 9.2.2 APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 9.3 — Handover–takeover

ACS Transfer information to the relieving 3 ALL ATM controller. 9.3.1 ACS Obtain information from the controller 3 ALL ATM handing over. 9.3.2 ACS List possible actions to provide a safe 1 Optional content: rigour, preparation, ALL ATM position handover–takeover. overlap time 9.3.3 ACS Explain the consequences of a missed 2 ALL ATM position handover–takeover. 9.3.4

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE Subtopic ATM 10.1 — Responsibility for the provision of control service and the processing of information

ACS Describe the division of responsibility 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL ATM among air traffic control units. 10.1.1

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

ACS Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 ICAO Doc 4444 ALL ATM military traffic. Optional content: ICAO Doc 9554 10.1.2 ACS Describe the responsibility in regard to 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ATM unmanned free balloons. 10.1.3 ACS Interpret operational information. 5 APP ATM ACP 10.1.4 APS ACS ACS Organise forwarding of operational 4 Optional content: including the use of APP ATM information. backup procedures ACP 10.1.5 APS ACS ACS Integrate operational information into 4 APP ATM control decisions. ACP 10.1.6 APS ACS ACS Appreciate the influence of operational 3 Optional content: military flying, ALL ATM requirements. calibration flights, aerial photography 10.1.7

Subtopic ATM 10.2 — ATS surveillance service

ACS Explain the responsibility for the 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373, ACS ATM provision of ATS surveillance service Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 10.2.1 appropriate to ACS rating. Optional content: local/simulator

operation manuals

ACS Explain the functions that may be 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM performed with the use of ATS ACS 10.2.2 surveillance system derived information presented on a situation display. ACS Provide planning, coordination and 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, ACS ATM control actions appropriate to VFR and ICAO Annex 11, ICAO Doc 4444 ACP 10.2.3 IFR traffic in VMC and IMC. ACS Apply the procedures for the 3 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM termination of ATS surveillance service. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, transfer ACS 10.2.4 of control, termination or interruption of

ATS surveillance service

Subtopic ATM 10.3 — Traffic management process

ACS Ensure that situational awareness is 4 Information gathering, scanning, traffic APS ATM maintained. projection ACS 10.3.1 ACS Detect conflicts in time for appropriate 4 ALL ATM resolution. 10.3.2 ACS Identify potential solutions to achieve a 3 APP ATM safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.3 APS ACS ACS Evaluate possible outcomes of different 5 ALL ATM planning and control actions. 10.3.4

TOPIC ATM 10 — PROVISION OF CONTROL SERVICE

ACS Select an appropriate plan in time to 5 APP ATM achieve safe and effective traffic flow. ACP 10.3.5 APS ACS ACS Ensure an adequate priority of actions. 4 ALL ATM 10.3.6 ACS Execute the selected plan in a timely 3 ALL ATM manner. 10.3.7 ACS Ensure that a safe and efficient outcome 4 Traffic monitoring, adaptability and ALL ATM is achieved. follow-up 10.3.8

Subtopic ATM 10.4 — Handling traffic

ACS Manage arrivals, departures and 4 Optional content: simulator operation APP ATM overflights. procedures ACP 10.4.1 APS ACS ACS Balance the workload against personal 5 Optional content: rerouting, replanning, APP ATM capacity. prioritising solutions, denying requests, ACP 10.4.2 delegating responsibility for separation APS ACS ACS Define flight path monitoring and 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM vectoring. ACS 10.4.3 ACS Explain the requirements for vectoring 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM and termination of vectoring. ACS 10.4.4 ACS Provide vectoring. 4 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM (EU) 2017/373 ACS 10.4.5 Optional content: separation, expediting

arrivals, departures and/or climb to

cruising levels, aircraft leaving the hold,

navigation assistance, uncontrolled

airspace, etc. ACS Apply the procedures for the 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation APS ATM termination of vectoring. (EU) 2017/373 ACS 10.4.6

Subtopic ATM 10.5 — Control service with advanced system support

ACS Appreciate the impact of advanced 3 Optional content: sequencing systems, ACS ATM systems on the provision of area control automated holding lists, vertical traffic 10.5.1 service. displays, conflict detection and decision-

making tools, automated information and coordination tools

TOPIC ATM 11 — HOLDING Subtopic ATM 11.1 — Holding procedures

ACS Apply holding procedures. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, APP ATM Regulation (EU) No 923/2012, Regulation ACP 11.1.1 (EU) 2017/373, holding instructions, APS allocation of holding levels, onward ACS clearance times ACS Appreciate the factors affecting holding 3 Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect APP ATM patterns. of navigation aid in use, turbulence, ACP 11.1.2 aircraft type APS ACS

Subtopic ATM 11.2 — Holding aircraft

ACS Issue expected onward clearance times. 3 ACP ATM ACS 11.2.1

Subtopic ATM 11.3 — Holding in a surveillance environment

ACS Organise traffic to separate other 4 APS ATM aircraft from holding aircraft. ACS 11.3.1 ACS Integrate system support, when 4 Optional content: arrival management APS ATM available. system, automated holding lists, vertical ACS 11.3.2 traffic displays

TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION Subtopic ATM 12.1 — Establishment of identification

ACS Appreciate the precautions when 3 APS ATM establishing identification. ACS 12.1.1 ACS Identify aircraft. 3 Optional content: PSR, SSR or ADS APS ATM identification method ACS 12.1.2 ACS Apply the procedures for 3 ICAO Doc 4444, Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM misidentification. Optional content: local/simulator ACS 12.1.3 operation manuals

Subtopic ATM 12.2 — Maintenance of identification

ACS Appreciate the necessity to maintain 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.2.1

Subtopic ATM 12.3 — Loss of identity

ACS Appreciate when an aircraft 3 Optional content: out of ATS surveillance APS ATM identification is lost or in doubt. system coverage, failure of ATS ACS 12.3.1 surveillance system, weather clutter, other clutter, garbling, holding, etc. ACS Apply methods to re-establish 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.3.2 ACS Respond to loss/doubt concerning 3 Optional content: procedural separation APS ATM identification. ACS 12.3.3

Subtopic ATM 12.4 — Position information

TOPIC ATM 12 — IDENTIFICATION

ACS Appreciate the circumstances when 3 APS ATM position information should be passed ACS 12.4.1 on to aircraft. ACS State the format in which position 1 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 APS ATM information can be passed on to aircraft. ACS 12.4.2

Subtopic ATM 12.5 — Transfer of identity

ACS Apply the methods of transfer of 3 APS ATM identification. ACS 12.5.1 ACS Appreciate the precautions when 3 APS ATM transferring identification. ACS 12.5.2

SUBJECT 3: METEOROLOGY

TOPIC MET 1 — METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA Subtopic MET 1.1 — Meteorological phenomena

ACS Appreciate the impact of adverse 3 Thunderstorms, icing, jet streams, clear- ACP MET weather on aircraft. air turbulence (CAT), turbulence, ACS 1.1.1 microburst, severe mountain waves, squall lines, volcanic ash

Optional content: solar radiation

ACS Integrate data about meteorological 4 Clearances, instructions and transmitted ALL MET phenomena into the provision of ATS. information 1.1.2 Optional content: relevant meteorological

phenomena

ACS Use techniques to avoid adverse 3 Rerouting, level change, etc. APP MET weather when necessary/possible. ACP 1.1.3 APS ACS

TOPIC MET 2 — SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Subtopic MET 2.1 — Sources of meteorological information

ACS Obtain meteorological information. 3 METAR, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET APP MET Optional content: AIREP/special AIREP ACP 2.1.1 APS ACS ACS Decode information from 3 ALL MET meteorological data displays. 2.1.2 ACS Relay meteorological information. 3 ICAO Doc 4444, ALL MET Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 2.1.3 Optional content: flight information

centre, adjacent ATS unit

SUBJECT 4: NAVIGATION

TOPIC NAV 1 — MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Subtopic NAV 1.1 — Maps and charts

ACS Use relevant maps and charts. 3 ALL NAV 1.1.1 ACS Decode symbols and information 3 En-route and area charts ACP NAV displayed on aeronautical maps and Optional content: STAR charts ACS 1.1.2 charts.

TOPIC NAV 2 — INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION Subtopic NAV 2.1 — Navigational systems

ACS Manage traffic in case of change in the 4 Optional content: limitations, availability APP NAV operational status of navigational and status of ground-based and satellite- ACP 2.1.1 systems. based systems APS ACS ACS Appreciate the effect of a change in the 3 Optional content: precision, limitations, ALL NAV operational status of navigational status, degraded procedures 2.1.2 systems.

Subtopic NAV 2.2 — Navigational assistance

ACS Evaluate the necessary information to 5 Optional content: nearest most suitable APP NAV be provided to pilots in need of aerodrome, track, heading, distance, ACP 2.2.1 navigational assistance. aerodrome information, any other APS navigational assistance relevant at the ACS

time

ACS Assist pilots with navigation when 3 Aircraft observed to be deviating from APS NAV required. their known intended route, on pilots’ ACS 2.2.2 request

Subtopic NAV 2.3 — PBN applications

ACS State the navigation applications used in 1 Terminal-RNAV-1, ACP NAV terminal and en-route environments. En-route-RNAV-5 ACS 2.3.1 Optional content: A-RNP, Commission

Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1048 (the PBN Regulation), ICAO Doc 9613

ACS Explain the principles and designation of 2 Performance, functionalities, sensors APP NAV navigation specifications in use. Optional content: aircrew and controller ACP 2.3.2 requirements, accuracy requirements, APS integrity and continuity ACS ACS Describe the differences in turn 2 Optional content: fly-by, fly-over, FRT, ACP NAV performance. ICAO Doc 4444 ACS 2.3.3 ACS State future PBN developments. 1 A-RNP, RNP (AR) DEP ALL NAV Optional content: RNP 3D, VNAV, 4D, TBO 2.3.4

SUBJECT 5: AIRCRAFT

TOPIC ACFT 1 — AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS Subtopic ACFT 1.1 — Aircraft instruments

ACS Integrate information from aircraft 4 ALL ACFT instruments provided by the pilot into 1.1.1 the provision of ATS. ACS Explain the operation of aircraft radio 2 Optional content: radios (number of), ALL ACFT equipment. emergency radios 1.1.2 ACS Explain the operation of on-board 2 Transponders: equipment Mode A, Mode ADC ACFT surveillance equipment. C, Mode S, ADS capability APS 1.1.3 ACS

TOPIC ACFT 2 — AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES Subtopic ACFT 2.1 — Wake turbulence

ACS Explain the wake turbulence effect and 2 ALL ACFT associated hazards to succeeding 2.1.1 aircraft. ACS Appreciate the techniques used to 3 ALL ACFT prevent hazards associated with wake 2.1.2 turbulence to succeeding aircraft.

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE Subtopic ACFT 3.1 — Climb factors

ACS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: speed, mass, air density, APP ACFT affecting aircraft during climb. cabin pressurisation, wind and ACP 3.1.1 temperature APS ACS

Subtopic ACFT 3.2 — Cruise factors

ACS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Level, cruising speed, wind, mass, cabin ACP ACFT affecting aircraft during cruise. pressurisation ACS 3.2.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.3 — Descent factors

ACS Integrate the influence of factors 4 Optional content: wind, speed, rate of ACP ACFT affecting aircraft during descent. descent, cabin pressurisation ACS 3.3.1

Subtopic ACFT 3.4 — Economic factors

ACS Integrate consideration of economic 4 Optional content: routing, level, speed, ACP ACFT factors affecting aircraft. rate of climb and rate of descent, ACS 3.4.1 approach profile, top of descent ACS Provide continuous climb/descent 4 APS ACFT whenever possible. ACS 3.4.2 ACS Use direct routing where applicable. 3 APP ACFT ACP 3.4.3 APS

TOPIC ACFT 3 — FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

ACS

ACS Appreciate controller’s actions that may 3 Optional content: level instructions, speed ACS ACFT contribute to pilot’s ability to fly an control, vertical speed control, vectoring, APS 3.4.4 optimum continuous descent. distance-to-touchdown information

Subtopic ACFT 3.5 — Environmental factors

ACS Appreciate the performance restrictions 3 Optional content: fuel-dumping, minimum ACP ACFT due to environmental considerations. flight levels, continuous descent ACS 3.5.1 operations

TOPIC ACFT 4 — AIRCRAFT DATA Subtopic ACFT 4.1 — Performance data

ACS Integrate the average performance data 4 Performance data under a representative APP ACFT of a representative sample of aircraft variety of circumstances ACP 4.1.1 which will be encountered in the APS operational/ working environment into ACS the provision of control service.

SUBJECT 6: HUMAN FACTORS

TOPIC HUM 1 — INFORMATION PROCESSING Subtopic HUM 1.1 — Cognition and factors influencing it

ACS Describe the human information- 2 Attention, perception, memory, ALL HUM processing model. situational awareness, decision-making, 1.1.1 response ACS Describe the factors which influence 2 Confidence, stress, learning, knowledge, ALL HUM human information-processing. experience, fatigue, alcohol/drugs, 1.1.2 distraction, interpersonal relations

Subtopic HUM 1.2 — Situational awareness

ACS Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, knowledge, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.2.1 situational awareness. confidence, experience, fatigue, stress

Subtopic HUM 1.3 — Decision-making

ACS Appreciate the effect of human 3 Optional content: workload, stress, ALL HUM information-processing factors on interpersonal relations, distraction, 1.3.1 decision-making. confidence

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING Subtopic HUM 2.1 — Fatigue

ACS Describe the onset of fatigue. 2 Regulation (EU) 2017/373 ALL HUM Optional content: lack of concentration, 2.1.1 listlessness, irritability, frustration, Skybrary Human Behaviour:

EUROCONTROL Fatigue and sleep management

TOPIC HUM 2 — FACTORS AFFECTING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

ACS Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 1 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM and in others. Behaviour: EUROCONTROL Fatigue and 2.1.2 sleep management ACS Describe the appropriate action when 2 Optional content: Skybrary Human ALL HUM recognising fatigue. Behaviour, EUROCONTROL Fatigue 2.1.3 and sleep management

Subtopic HUM 2.2 — Stress

ACS Recognise the effects of stress on 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in ALL HUM human performance. others 2.2.1 Optional content:

Regulation (EU) 2017/373

ACS Describe the appropriate action when 2 ALL HUM recognising stress. 2.2.2 ACS Act to reduce stress. 3 ALL HUM 2.2.3 ACS Respond to stressful situations by 3 ALL HUM offering, asking for or accepting 2.2.4 assistance. ACS Recognise the effect of stressful events. 1 Self and others, abnormal situations ALL HUM 2.2.5

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Subtopic HUM 3.1 — Threat and error management framework

ACS Explain the importance of threat and 2 Optional content: prevention of incidents, ALL HUM error management. safety improvement, revision of 3.1.1 procedures and/or working practices ACS Explain the threat and error 2 Threats, errors, undesired states, ALL HUM management framework. countermeasures 3.1.2 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACS Differentiate between the different 2 Internal, external, airborne, ALL HUM types of threats in ATC. environmental 3.1.3 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACS Differentiate between the different 2 Equipment, procedural, communication ALL HUM types of errors in ATC. Optional content: increase in traffic, 3.1.4 changes in procedures, complexities of

systems or traffic, weather, unusual occurrences

ACS Differentiate between the different 2 On the ground, airborne ALL HUM types of undesired states. Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.1.5 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACS Analyse examples of threat and error 4 Case studies ALL HUM management in ATC.

TOPIC HUM 3 — THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT

3.1.6 Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 —

AN/178 Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control

Subtopic HUM 3.2 — Application of threat and error management

ACS Manage threats. 3 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.1 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACS Manage errors. 2 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.2 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

ACS Manage undesired states. 2 Detect and respond ALL HUM Optional content: ICAO Circular 314 — 3.2.3 AN/178 Threat and Error Management

(TEM) in Air Traffic Control

TOPIC HUM 4 — TEAMWORK Subtopic HUM 4.1 — Benefits of teamwork

ACS State the benefits of teamwork. 1 Increased safety, efficiency and capacity ALL HUM 4.1.1 ACS List the controller’s human performance 1 Situational awareness, communication, ALL HUM elements affected by teamwork. decision-making, threat and error 4.1.2 management, workload management

Subtopic HUM 4.2 — Conflict management

ACS Identify the reasons for conflict. 3 ALL HUM 4.2.1 ACS Describe strategies to cope with human 2 Optional content: in your team, in the ALL HUM conflicts. simulator 4.2.2 ACS Describe actions to prevent human 2 ALL HUM conflicts. 4.2.3

TOPIC HUM 5 — SYSTEMS Subtopic HUM 5.1 — Concept of systems in ATM/ANS

ACS Explain the concept of systems. 2 People; procedures; equipment; ATM in ALL HUM system terms: simple, complicated, and 5.1.1 complex systems; system thinking ACS Describe how changes in one part of a 2 ALL HUM system may impact the other parts. 5.1.2 ACS Describe the role of the human in the 2 ALL HUM system. 5.1.3

TOPIC HUM 6 — COMMUNICATION Subtopic HUM 6.1 — Communication

ACS Explain effective communication in ATC 2 ICAO Doc 9868 ALL HUM operations. 6.1.1 ACS Explain key strategies used to enable 2 Optional content: active listening, active ALL HUM open communication. speaking, assertiveness, honesty, 6.1.2 relevance, facts, neutrality ACS Describe the parameters affecting the 2 Workload, mutual knowledge, controller ALL HUM controller’s competence to versus pilot mental picture, distractions, 6.1.3 communicate effectively. sound, human conflicts

Optional content: communication between and within the team(s), in the

simulator, with the pilots, instructors,

coordination partners

Subtopic HUM 6.2 — Effective feedback

ACS Define feedback. 1 ALL HUM 6.2.1 ACS Explain the purpose of receiving and 2 ALL HUM giving feedback and its effect on 6.2.2 performance. ACS Consider the impact of communication 2 ALL HUM styles on feedback and on conflict 6.2.3 resolution. ACS Integrate feedback into performance. 4 ALL HUM 6.2.4

SUBJECT 7: EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

TOPIC EQPS 1 — VOICE COMMUNICATIONS Subtopic EQPS 1.1 — Radio communications

ACS Operate two-way communication 3 Transmit/receive switches, procedures ALL EQPS equipment. Optional content: frequency selection, 1.1.1 standby equipment ACS Identify indications of operational status 3 Optional content: indicator lights, ALL EQPS of radio equipment. serviceability displays, selector/frequency 1.1.2 displays ACS Consider radio range. 2 Optional content: transfer to another APP EQPS frequency, apparent radio failure, failure ACP 1.1.3 to establish radio contact, frequency APS protection range ACS

Subtopic EQPS 1.2 — Other voice communications

ACS Operate landline communications. 3 Optional content: telephone, interphone ALL EQPS and intercom equipment 1.2.1

TOPIC EQPS 2 — AUTOMATION IN ATS Subtopic EQPS 2.1 — Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network (AFTN)

ACS Decode AFTN messages. 3 Optional content: movement and control ALL EQPS messages, NOTAMs, SNOWTAMs, 2.1.1 BIRDTAMs, etc.

Subtopic EQPS 2.2 — Automatic data interchange

ACS Use automatic data transfer equipment 3 Optional content: sequencing systems, ADC EQPS where available. automated information and coordination, APS 2.2.1 OLDI ACS

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION Subtopic EQPS 3.1 — Operation and monitoring of equipment

ACS Monitor the technical integrity of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.1.1 ACS Operate the equipment of the controller 3 Optional content: situation displays, flight ALL EQPS working position. progress board, flight data display, radio, 3.1.2 telephone, maps and charts, strip-printer,

clock, information systems, UDF/VDF

ACS Operate the available equipment in 3 ALL EQPS abnormal and emergency situations. 3.1.3

Subtopic EQPS 3.2 — Situation displays and information systems

ACS Use situation displays. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.1 ACS Check the availability of information. 3 ALL EQPS 3.2.2 ACS Obtain information from equipment. 3 APP EQPS ACP 3.2.3 APS ACS

Subtopic EQPS 3.3 — Flight data systems

ACS Use the flight data information at the 3 ALL EQPS controller working position. 3.3.1

Subtopic EQPS 3.4 — Use of the ATS surveillance system

ACS Use the ATS surveillance system 3 APS EQPS functions. ACS 3.4.1 ACS Analyse the information provided by the 4 APS EQPS ATS surveillance system. ACS 3.4.2 ACS Assign codes. 4 APS EQPS ACS 3.4.3 ACS Appreciate the use of advanced 3 Optional content: Mode S, ADS-B, MLAT APS EQPS surveillance technology. ACS

TOPIC EQPS 3 — CONTROLLER WORKING POSITION

3.4.4

Subtopic EQPS 3.5 — Advanced systems

ACS Appreciate the use of controller–pilot 3 APS EQPS data link communications when ACS 3.5.1 available. ACS Characterise the use of information 2 MTCD, AMAN, DMAN APS EQPS provided by advanced systems. Optional content: trajectory-based ACS 3.5.2 information, MONA, etc.

TOPIC EQPS 4 — FUTURE EQUIPMENT Subtopic EQPS 4.1 — New developments

ACS Recognise future developments. 1 New advanced systems ALL EQPS Optional content: European ATM Master 4.1.1 Plan, European Plan for Aviation Safety

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION Subtopic EQPS 5.1 — Reaction to limitations

ACS Take account of the limitations of 2 ALL EQPS equipment and systems. 5.1.1 ACS Respond to technical deficiencies of the 3 Notification procedures, responsibilities ALL EQPS operational position. 5.1.2

Subtopic EQPS 5.2 — Communication equipment degradation

ACS Identify that communication equipment 3 Optional content: ground–air and landline APP EQPS has degraded. communications ACP 5.2.1 APS ACS ACS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: procedures for total or ALL EQPS event of communication equipment partial degradation of ground–air and 5.2.2 degradation. landline communications, alternative

methods of transferring data

Subtopic EQPS 5.3 — Navigational equipment degradation

ACS Identify when a navigational equipment 3 Optional content: navigational aids, ALL EQPS failure will affect operational ability. ‘European GNSS Contingency/Reversion 5.3.1 Handbook for PBN Operations’ ACS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: vertical separation, ALL EQPS event of navigational equipment information to aircraft, navigational 5.3.2 degradation. assistance, seeking assistance from

adjacent units

Subtopic EQPS 5.4 — Surveillance equipment degradation

ACS Identify that surveillance equipment has 3 Partial power failure, loss of certain APS EQPS degraded. facilities, total failure ACS 5.4.1 ACS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 Optional content: inform adjacent sectors, APS EQPS event of surveillance equipment inform aircraft, apply vertical separation ACS 5.4.2 degradation. (emergency), increased horizontal

TOPIC EQPS 5 — EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS’ LIMITATIONS AND DEGRADATION

separation, reduce the number of aircraft entering area of responsibility, transfer aircraft to another unit

Subtopic EQPS 5.5 — ATC processing system degradation

ACS Identify processing system degradation. 3 Optional content: FDPS, SDPS, software APS EQPS processing of situation display ACS 5.5.1 ACS Apply contingency procedures in the 3 APS EQPS event of processing system degradation. ACS 5.5.2

SUBJECT 8: PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

TOPIC PEN 1 — FAMILIARISATION Subtopic PEN 1.1 — Study visit to an area control centre

ACS Appreciate the functions and provision 3 Study visit to an area control centre ACP PEN of operational area control service. ACS 1.1.1

TOPIC PEN 2 — AIRSPACE USERS Subtopic PEN 2.1 — Contributors to civil ATS operations

ACS Characterise civil ATS activities in area 2 Study visit to an area control centre ACP PEN control centre. Optional content: familiarisation visits to ACS 2.1.1 TWR, APP, AIS, RCC ACS Characterise other parties interfacing 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN with ATS operations. engineering services, firefighting and 2.1.2 emergency services, airline operations

offices

Subtopic PEN 2.2 — Contributors to military ATS operations

ACS Characterise military ATS activities. 2 Optional content: familiarisation visits to ALL PEN TWR, APP, ACC, AIS, RCC, air defence units 2.2.1

TOPIC PEN 3 — CUSTOMER RELATIONS Subtopic PEN 3.1 — Provision of services and user requirements

ACS Appreciate the role of an air navigation 3 Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 ALL PEN service provider. 3.1.1 ACS Appreciate ATS users’ requirements. 3 ALL PEN 3.1.2

TOPIC PEN 4 — ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Subtopic PEN 4.1 — Environmental protection

ACS Appreciate the mitigation techniques 3 Optional content: free route airspace ACS PEN used en-route to minimise aviation’s (FRA), night/weekend routes, continuous 4.1.1 impact on the environment. descent operations (CDO), continuous

climb operations (CCO), ICAO Doc 10013 — Operational Opportunities to reduce fuel burn and emissions

SUBJECT 9: ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

TOPIC ABES 1 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 1.1 — Overview of ABES

ACS List common abnormal and emergency 1 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 1.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure, unreliable instruments, runway incursion, GNSS failure

ACS Identify potential or actual abnormal 3 ALL ABES and emergency situations. 1.1.2 ACS Take into account the procedures for 2 Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 APP ABES given abnormal and emergency ACP 1.1.3 situations. APS ACS ACS Take into account that procedures do 2 Optional content: real-life examples ALL ABES not exist for all abnormal and 1.1.4 emergency situations. ACS Consider how the evolution of a 2 Optional content: separation, information, ALL ABES situation may have an impact on safety. coordination 1.1.5

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT Subtopic ABES 2.1 — Communication effectiveness

ACS Ensure effective communication in all 4 Phraseology, vocabulary, readback, radio ALL ABES circumstances including the case where silence instruction 2.1.1 standard phraseology is not applicable. ACS Apply change of radiotelephony call 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES sign. Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444 2.1.2

Subtopic ABES 2.2 — Avoidance of mental overload

ACS Describe actions to keep the situation 2 Optional content: sector-splitting, holding, ALL ABES under control. flow management, task delegation 2.2.1

TOPIC ABES 2 — SKILLS IMPROVEMENT

ACS Organise priority of actions. 4 ALL ABES 2.2.2 ACS Ensure the effective dissemination of 4 Optional content: between executive and ALL ABES information. planner/coordinator, with the supervisor, 2.2.3 between sectors, between ACC, APP and TWR, with ground staff, etc. ACS Consider asking for help. 2 ALL ABES 2.2.4

Subtopic ABES 2.3 — Air–ground cooperation

ACS Collect appropriate information relevant 3 ALL ABES to the situation. 2.3.1 ACS Assist the pilot. 3 Pilot workload ALL ABES Optional content: instructions, 2.3.2 information, support, human factors, etc.

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.1 — Application of procedures for ABES

ACS Apply the procedures for given 3 Optional content: EATM Guidelines for ALL ABES abnormal and emergency situations. Controller Training in the Handling of 3.1.1 Unusual/Emergency Situations,

ambulance flights, ground-based safety nets alerts, airframe failure

Subtopic ABES 3.2 — Radio failure

ACS Describe the procedures to be followed 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES by a pilot when experiencing complete Optional content: ICAO Doc 4444, military 3.2.1 or partial radio failure. procedures, simulator operation

procedures

ACS Apply the procedures to be followed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES when a pilot experiences complete or Optional content: prolonged loss of 3.2.2 partial radio failure. communication

Subtopic ABES 3.3 — Unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat

ACS Apply ATC procedures associated with 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES unlawful interference and aircraft bomb Optional content: simulator operation 3.3.1 threat. procedures

Subtopic ABES 3.4 — Strayed or unidentified aircraft

ACS Apply the procedures for strayed 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. Optional content: inside controlled 3.4.1 airspace, outside controlled airspace ACS Apply the procedures for unidentified 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES aircraft. 3.4.2

Subtopic ABES 3.5 — Diversion

ACS Provide navigational assistance to 4 Track/heading, distance, other APP ABES aircraft diverting in emergency. navigational assistance ACP 3.5.1 Optional content: nearest most suitable APS aerodrome ACS

TOPIC ABES 3 — PROCEDURES FOR ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ABES) Subtopic ABES 3.6 — Transponder failure

ACS Apply procedures in the event of an SSR 3 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 APS ABES transponder failure. Optional content: total/partial failure, ACS 3.6.1 impact on ADS-B/Mode S capability

Subtopic ABES 3.7 — Interception of civil aircraft

ACS Explain the procedures in the event of 2 Regulation (EU) No 923/2012 ALL ABES interception of civil aircraft. 3.7.1